WLVI and Battle of Jieting: Difference between pages

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{{Infobox Military Conflict
{{Infobox_Broadcast |
|conflict=Battle of Jieting
call_letters = WLVI-TV|
|image=[[Image:Liannu-4.jpg|Foot-pedal-triggered Lian Nu (multiple shot crossbow) Battery]]
station_logo = [[Image:Wlvi 2008.png|200px]]|
|caption=
station_slogan = See Where It's At|
|partof=the [[Zhuge Liang's Northern Expeditions#First expedition|First Northern Expedition of Shu]] of the [[Three Kingdoms]]
station_branding = CW 56|
|date=[[228]]
analog = 56 ([[ultra high frequency|UHF]])|
|place=Jieting, [[Gansu]]
digital = 41 ([[ultra high frequency|UHF]])|
|result= Decisive Wei victory
affiliations = [[The CW Television Network|The CW]]|
|combatant1=[[Cao Wei]]
subchannels = [[WLVI-TV#Digital television|(see article)]]|
|combatant2=[[Shu Han]]
founded = |[[August 31]], [[1953]]<br>''(current license dates to [[December 21]], [[1966]])''|
|commander1=[[Zhang He]]
location = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]] - [[Boston, Massachusetts]]|
|commander2=[[Ma Su]]
callsign_meaning = '''LVI''' = 56 in [[Roman numerals]]|
|strength1=50,000 men
former_callsigns = WTAO-TV (1953&ndash;1956)<br>WXHR-TV (1962)<br>WKBG-TV (1966&ndash;1974)|
|strength2=ca. 50,000 men
owner = [[Sunbeam Television]]|
|casualties1=Unknown
licensee = WHDH-TV|
|casualties2=Unknown}}
sister_stations = [[WHDH-TV]]|
{{Campaignbox Zhuge Northern Expeditions}}
former_affiliations = [[Independent station (North America)|Independent]] (1953&ndash;1956; 1962; and 1966&ndash;1995)<br>[[The WB Television Network|The WB]] (1995&ndash;2006)|
The '''Battle of Jieting''' (街亭之戰) was a battle fought in [[228]] during the [[Zhuge Liang's Northern Expeditions#First expedition|first northern expedition]] led by [[Zhuge Liang]].
effective_radiated_power = 2240 [[kilowatt|kW]] (analog)<br>550 kW (digital)|
HAAT = 360 m (analog)<br>346 m (digital)|
facility_id = 73238|
coordinates = {{coord|42|18|10.7|N|71|13|4.9|W|type:landmark_scale:2000}}|
homepage = [http://www.cw56.com/ www.cw56.com]|
}}
'''WLVI-TV''', channel 56, is a [[The CW Television Network|CW Television Network]] affiliate licensed to [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], and serving the [[Boston, Massachusetts]] television market. WLVI-TV is owned by [[Sunbeam Television]] and is a sister station to [[WHDH-TV]] (channel 7), Boston's [[NBC]] affiliate. The two stations share studios in WHDH's downtown Boston facility, and WLVI's transmitter is located in [[Needham, Massachusetts]].


==History==
==Battle==
Jieting was a crucial region for the securing of supplies, and Zhuge Liang sent generals [[Ma Su]] and [[Wang Ping]] to guard the region. Ma Su went accompanied by Wang Ping but did not listen to his sound military advice. Relying purely on books of military tactics, he chose to 'take the [[high ground]]' and set his base on the mountains instead of in a city, ignoring Wang Ping and his advice to set up base in a valley well supplied with water. Wang Ping, however, managed to persuade Ma Su to give him command of a portion of the troops, and later Wang set up his base camp near Ma Su's camp, in order to offer assistance when Ma was in danger. Due to this tactical mistake, the [[Cao Wei|Wei]] troops led by [[Zhang He]] encircled the hill and cut off the water supply to the Shu troops and attacked; later, Sima Yi's forces set fire to the hill. Wang Ping led his troops in an attempt to help Ma Su but the Shu army suffered a great defeat in which both the army and the fort were both lost. Though he survived the battle, Ma Su feared punishment and attempted to flee. However, he was soon captured by Shu forces. The prefectures of Nan An, Tian Shui and An Ding revolted to Zhuge Liang. Zhang He pacified all three.
Channel 56 is the oldest UHF license in Boston. It first went on the air on [[August 31]], [[1953]] as '''WTAO-TV''', owned by Middlesex Broadcasting. The station's studio and transmitter were located atop Zion Hill, in Woburn, Massachusetts. WTAO was written off as a failure and signed off for the last time on [[March 30]], [[1956]] due to low viewership and lack of revenue from sponsors. The station went back on the air, now owned by Harvey Radio Labs, on [[May 17]], [[1962]], as '''WXHR-TV''' for a six-month [[Federal Communications Commission|FCC]] study before being taken off the air again on [[November 17]] of the same year.


==Aftermath==
The channel 56 license was purchased by [[Kaiser Broadcasting]] and the ''[[Boston Globe]]'' in 1966. The new owners returned the station to the air on [[December 21]], [[1966]] as independent '''WKBG-TV''' ('''K'''aiser '''B'''roadcasting/'''''B'''oston'' '''''G'''lobe''), from the same studios and transmission tower atop Zion Hill in Woburn that WTAO/WXHR had utilized. In 1969, the station's studios moved from Woburn to Morrissey Boulevard in the Dorchester section of Boston. By that time, the station's transmitter had moved to its current site in Needham. The antenna at the Needham site gave channel 56 better coverage of the southern portion of the Boston market than the Woburn site afforded. WKBG offered Japanese live-action and cartoons dubbed into English including ''[[Speed Racer]]'', ''[[Astro Boy]]'', ''[[Kimba the White Lion]]'' and ''[[Ultraman]]''.
Ma Su was sentenced to death by Zhuge Liang, along with Ma Su's deputy commanders Zhang Xiu (张休) and Li Sheng (李盛), but Ma Su eventually died of sickness in jail before the execution could be carried out, while the other two were executed. In the ''[[Romance of Three Kingdoms]]'', Ma Su was beheaded by a tearful Zhuge Liang, whose continued high appraisal for Ma Su's intelligence made that a very reluctant decision. The scene is considered among the most famous in the novel, and is reenacted in [[Chinese opera]] frequently.


A [[Japanese proverb]], {{Nihongo|"executing Ma Su with tears"|泣いて馬謖を斬る|naite Bashoku wo kiru}} refers specifically to this incident, meaning "punishing a person for his wrongdoings regardless of relations or his abilities."
For a year, from late 1969 to late 1970, WKBG broadcast a half-hour local newscast weeknights at 10 p.m.; the first such newscast on a commercial television station in the market. The newscast was anchored by Boston news veteran [[Arch Macdonald]], who was lured away from [[WBZ-TV]], where he had been a news anchor for two decades. Despite a loyal audience, WKBG lost a considerable amount of money on the newscast and shut the news department down at the end of 1970. Macdonald remained at the station for another year to host a weekday-morning interview program. Several other Kaiser stations that had also launched local newscasts shut those news departments down at about the same time.


Because of the loss of Jieting, the supply situation became dire for Zhuge Liang's army and he had to retreat to his main base at Hanzhong. In the ''Romance of Three Kingdoms'', the loss of Jieting exposed Zhuge Liang's current location, the defenseless [[Xicheng]]. Zhuge Liang used the [[Empty Fort Strategy]] to ward off the Wei army before his retreat. Also, the defeat at Jieting had caused the First Northern Campaign to result in failure.
As a Kaiser station, channel 56's schedule consisted primarily of cartoons, off-network sitcoms, old movies and occasionally, network shows that were preempted by other local stations in case of emergencies. However, the station was willing to experiment with such projects as [[Universal Television]]'s ''Operation Prime Time'' (although [[Paramount Television]] would contribute some programs as well) and syndicated reruns of ''[[National Geographic]]'' specials in prime time. Such common independent-station programming as a Saturday "[[Creature Double Feature]]" (following repeats of ''[[The Outer Limits]]'') reached youthful and cult audiences. U.S. [[talk-show]] host [[Conan O'Brien]] has credited the station's rotation of classic [[musicals]] in its prime-time movie offering with encouraging him to consider a career as a performer.


==Modern culture==
For most of its tenure as an independent, channel 56 was well behind [[WSBK-TV]] (channel 38) in the ratings. Still, it was carried on most cable systems throughout [[New England]], and channel 56 did carry some sports programming of its own, including road games of the [[Boston Celtics]] from 1966 to 1969 and road telecasts of the [[Boston Bruins]] from 1966 to 1967. It also carried telecasts of the [[World Hockey Association]]'s [[New England Whalers]] (now the [[National Hockey League|NHL]]'s [[Carolina Hurricanes]]) during the 1972-73 and 1973-74 seasons (25 regular-season games during 1972-73 and 20 games the next season, some home and some away games broadcast each year).
The Battle of Jieting is one of the stages in the ''[[Dynasty Warriors]]'' series for the [[Playstation 2]]. If the player is on the Wei side, they have the option to follow history and easily win the battle. On the other hand, if they player is on the Shu side, they will have difficulty since the survival of Ma Su is a major objective.

In 1974, the ''Boston Globe'' sold its share in WKBG back to Kaiser. The [[call letters]] were then changed to the current '''WLVI-TV''' that May, and in 1977, [[Chicago]]-based [[Field Communications]] (which had owned 22.5 percent of Kaiser since 1972) purchased WLVI and the other Kaiser stations. In 1983, WLVI was sold to the [[Gannett Company]] as part of a liquidation of Field's television assets.

Under Gannett, WLVI continued its general entertainment format, which included children's programming from 6:00 to 11:00 a.m., as well as from 1:00 to 5:30 p.m. under the ''WLVI Kids' Club'' banner. For the generation of New England children growing up during this period, "Uncle Dale" Dorman was the familiar personality fronting the ''Kids' Club'', hosting the cartoons and appearing in hosted commercial segments. By 1990, Dorman left the station and was replaced by Paul Wagner and Elizabeth Dann, who appeared in new segments of their own and, like Dorman, doubled as announcers.

In 1984, WLVI again established a news department, which produced a 10:00 p.m. newscast, first on weeknights only, then seven nights a week. WLVI continued use of the Field Communications-style station branding and logo for quite a while after Gannett acquired the station. From 1985 to 1990, channel 56 again became the broadcast home of Celtics road games.

In 1994, Gannett sold the station to the [[Tribune Company]], which affiliated the station with the newly-launched [[WB Television Network]] in [[1995#January|January 1995]]. The station's newscast later became known as ''The Ten O'Clock News on WB 56''.

The station was temporarily off the air in August 1998 when a crane that was erecting a nearby studio-to-transmitter link (STL) tower collapsed onto WLVI's building. Though no one was injured and the damage was confined to the station's office spaces, the incident resulted in several hundred thousand dollars worth of damage. The station used a satellite truck for network programming downlink and studio space at [[WCVB-TV]] for its 10 p.m. newscast.

In 1999, WLVI began a one-year stint as the flagship station of the [[Boston Red Sox]], with games produced by an independent company, Jankowski Communications, headed by former CBS executive Gene Jankowski. What was to be a long-term partnership between the team, Jankowski, and WLVI ended after a single year when Jankowski went under.

The station also discontinued its morning kids programming block in favor of a short-lived morning newscast. The station also began running more syndicated talk and reality shows. Afternoon children's programming continued to be provided by ''[[Kids' WB]]'' until early 2006 . Channel 56 was the last commercial station in the Boston market that continued to broadcast weekday children's programming.

On [[January 24]], 2006, the WB and [[UPN]] networks announced that they would merge into a new network called [[The CW Television Network]]. The new network signed 10-year affiliation agreements with most of Tribune's WB affiliates, including WLVI. It would not have been an upset had WSBK been chosen, however. Network officials had been on record as preferring the "strongest" WB and UPN stations, and Boston was one of the few markets where the WB and UPN affiliates were both relatively strong. The CW began operations on [[September 18]], 2006, and WLVI became known as ''Boston's CW''. To correspond to the affiliation switch, the station's daily 10 PM newscast became known as ''The Ten O'Clock News on Boston's CW''.

On [[September 14]], 2006, four days prior to the launch of the CW, Tribune Broadcasting announced that WLVI would be sold to [[Sunbeam Television]], owner of WHDH-TV, for $117.3 million. The sale received final approval in late November 2006 from the [[Federal Communications Commission|FCC]], creating Boston's third television duopoly (the others are [[CBS]]-owned [[WBZ-TV]] and WSBK, and [[Hearst-Argyle]]-owned WCVB-TV and [[Manchester, New Hampshire]]-based [[WMUR-TV]]).

Even though the sale to Sunbeam had already become official by then, Tribune continued to operate WLVI until [[December 18]], 2006, when the Tribune-run station website was closed and replaced with a redirect to the new Sunbeam-run website, and the final Tribune-produced newscast aired. WLVI's operations were merged with those of WHDH, and all of the station's equipment was moved to WHDH's studios on Bulfinch Place (just six miles from WLVI's old Morrissey Boulevard studio), and the station's news department was closed. The consolidation resulted in about 130 layoffs from WLVI, though some newsroom staffers were retained by WHDH, which took over production of WLVI's daily 10 p.m. newscast. Also, the station's sales department was transferred to the new location. The old set and equipment of WLVI were sold at auction several months later.

With the sale, WLVI changed its branding to ''CW 56'', though the station is sometimes called ''New England's CW'' on-air. It has largely become a "pass-through" for automated programming.

Also with the sale to Sunbeam, WLVI is the largest CW station not owned by either Tribune or [[CBS Corporation]], the two main founding ownership groups of the network.

WLVI may take on the responsibility of airing NBC programs when WHDH is unable to, such as in a news-related emergency. {{Fact|date=June 2008}}

== Digital television ==
<!-- This is outdated; [[The Tube]] has been defunct since 2007:
The station's digital channel is multiplexed:
{| class="wikitable"
'''Digital channels'''
|-
! Analog Channel
! Digital Channel
! Programming
|-
| 56.1 || 41.1 || main WLVI-TV/CW programming
|-
| || 41.2 || The Tube
|}

===Analog-to-digital conversion=== -->
After the [[DTV transition|analog television shutdown and digital conversion]], which is tentatively scheduled to take place on February 17, 2009,<ref name="Analog to Digital">http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf</ref> WLVI-TV will continue digital broadcasts on its current pre-transition channel number, 41.<ref name="FCCForm387">[http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/cdbsmenu.hts?context=25&appn=101231912&formid=387&fac_num=73238 CDBS Print<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> However, through the use of [[Program and System Information Protocol|PSIP]], digital television receivers will display WLVI's [[virtual channel]] as 56.

==News Operation==
On [[December 1]], [[1969]], WKBG debuted a 10:00 p.m. newscast, called ''Ten PM News'', anchored by legendary Boston television anchorman Arch MacDonald. It is also notable for being the first on-screen job for [[Natalie Jacobson]] who went on to become lead anchor at WCVB-TV in the 1970s. This newscast was short-lived, however. Another station in the Boston market, [[WXPO-TV]] in [[Lowell, Massachusetts|Lowell]], had also briefly done a 10 o'clock newscast in 1969.

Field Communications started a news department shortly before putting the station up for sale. It began producing a 10 p.m. weeknight newscast which initially was a pair of ten-minute locally-produced inserts in what otherwise was an hour-long simulcast of [[CNN Headline News]]. Under Gannett ownership, WLVI expanded it into a half-hour broadcast on [[April 23]], [[1984]]. This was the third attempt at a primetime newscast in the Boston market. Debuting as ''The News at Ten'', it established itself with top-drawer talent early on with Boston news veteran Jack Hynes as lead anchor and Bill O'Connell handling sports. Hynes' co-anchors in the first several years included [[Julie Emry]], [[Darlene McCarthy]] (who later went to WHDH-TV), [[Uma Pemmaraju]], and finally Karen Marinella, who arrived in 1990 and remained until the end of WLVI's [[Tribune]]-produced newscast in December 2006.

By the early-1990s, the newscast had become ''<u>THE</u> Ten O'Clock News'' (always emphasizing "the") and had expanded to a full hour. For well over a decade, WLVI was the ratings leader in the time slot, with or without competition in the arena. Although [[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]] station [[WGBH-TV]] (channel 2) was the only other local station running a newscast at 10:00 (until 1991), it was not considered a major competitor since it is a non-commercial station. In the Fall of 1993, [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] affiliate [[WFXT]] launched the [[New England Cable News|NECN]]-originated ''Fox 25 News at Ten'' and WSBK-TV introduced the WBZ-produced ''WBZ News 4 on TV 38'', giving WLVI serious competition. By then, 10 o'clock viewers were loyal to WLVI and the station remained number one in the ratings.

By this time, Jack Hynes relegated himself to weekend anchor, and commentator/substitute anchor on weekdays, paving the way for future lead anchors such as [[Jon Du Pre]], [[Jeff Barnd]], and finally [[Frank Mallicoat]]. Mallicoat had handled sports and general assignment reports before stepping up to co-anchor the weeknight show with Karen Marinella in 2002. Another mainstay of WLVI's newscasts was chief meteorologist [[Mike Wankum]], who first joined the station in 1993. Wankum soon gained a following with his unique approach to forecasting and won numerous New England [[Emmy Awards]].

The only time WLVI programmed news outside their established 10:00 slot was in [[2000#June|June 2000]], when they premiered ''Boston's WB in the Morning''. A mix of news, talk, and lifestyle features, the show aired from 6:00 to 8:00 a.m.. The newscast replaced sitcoms and children's show on the schedule. The program lasted two years but could not hold its own against the other local newscasts and national morning shows. The show was canceled in the spring of 2002.

<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Wlvi2006.png|thumb|left|Former ''The Ten O'Clock News'' anchors Karen Marinella and Frank Mallicoat during the Sept. 14, 2006 broadcast.]] -->By 2003, with fierce competition emerging from WFXT's now-in-house news department, ratings for WLVI's news started to slide. Within a year, the station had fallen to third place behind both WFXT (which was now number-one) and WSBK's ''Nightcast at 10'' (produced again by WBZ). The WSBK newscast was canceled in [[2005#January|January 2005]] and WLVI was left in second place. However, it would not regain its former glory during the rest of its tenure as a Tribune-owned station.
Due to the increasing popularity of the WFXT newscast and after Tribune closed local television newsrooms in [[WPHL-TV|Philadelphia]] and [[KSWB-TV|San Diego]], there were unconfirmed rumors that Tribune would shut down the WLVI news department and have it outsourced to another channel or even canceled altogether. WLVI had initially denied that its newsroom would be closed.

As a result of the sale to Sunbeam Television, WHDH took over production of WLVI's 10:00 p.m. newscast using its existing staff. As the sale only covered the license, network affiliation, and technical equipment, most of WLVI's 150 employees remained employed by Tribune until being let go. Jack Hynes closed the station's final newscast with a commentary, calling the sale and shutdown a ''"sad, and even tragic chapter in Boston television history"'', and noting ''"someone (else), somewhere, should have stepped up to the plate and bought the station"''.([http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-zt5_gjurw])

WHDH started producing WLVI's newscast on [[December 19]], [[2006]]. On that date, the newscast became known as ''7 News at 10 on CW 56''. WHDH indicated that there might eventually be a new weekday morning newscast (again) on WLVI which would compete with WFXT's highly popular weekday morning show. From the start of the WHDH-production on WLVI until July 2007, the newscasts featured the music and graphics package currently used on Sunbeam's only other television property, [[WSVN]] in [[Miami]].

On July 29, 2008, WHDH began doing broadcasts in HD. They are the second station in Boston to broadcast in high definition, with [[WCVB-TV]] being the first. They also revealed a new television studio and graphics for a more compatible look with their sister station (WSVN, which curiously remains without high definition newscasts). The WLVI broadcast was upgraded as well.

==Logos==

- <gallery>
- Image:56logo60s70s.jpg|WKBG/WLVI logo style used until the sale to Field Communications in 1977. (Though it continued to appear on the opening to ''Creature Double Feature'' well into the 1980s)
- Image:WLVI84.jpg|WLVI "Living 56" 1984-1987 logo.
- Image:Living56.png|WLVI logo font style 1977-1992. The second version of the "Living 56" logo from 1987-1989. The theme was used in the mid to late 1980s with the jingle "'LVI is part of living, Living 56".
- Image:WLVI89.jpg|WLVI 56 1989-1992 logo, In the Fall of 1989 the Living word and promos were dropped.
- Image:WLVIWB56.png|WLVI's first logo as "WB56", used from 1995 to 2003 ''(a black and white version was used during its later years, and remained on most news programming until 2005)''
- Image:WLVI WB logo.png|WLVI's current logo, used from 2000 to 2002 on its morning newscast, since 2003 on most aspects of the station, and since 2005 on the news
- Image:Wlvi_cw_tv.PNG|WLVI future CW logo (this is one of two CW logos that don't have the word "The" inside the "C". The other is [[WJZY]])
- </gallery>

==News/Station Presentation==
===Newscast Titles===
*''Ten PM News'' (1969-1977)
*''The Ten'Clock News'' (1984-1995)
*''The Ten'Clock News on WB56'' (1995-2002)
*''Boston's WB in the Morning'' (2000-2002)
*''The Ten'Clock News on Boston's WB'' (2002-2006)
*''The Ten'Clock News on Boston's CW'' (2006)
*''7 News at 10 PM on CW56'' (2006-present)

===News team===
[[Image:Whdh weather 2008.png|thumb|right|WHDH's chief meteorologist Pete Bouchard is seen on weeknights.]]

'''''7 News at 10 PM on CW 56''''' ''(10 to 11 P.M.)''<br>''Weeknights''
*Anchors:
**Matt Lorch
**Frances Rivera
*Weather:
**Pete Bouchard
*Sports:
**Joe Amorosino
*Entertainment:
**Romeo
*Reporter:
**Kim Khazei

''Weekends''
*Anchors:
**Brandon Rudat
**Lauren Przybyl
*Weather:
**Jeremy Reiner
*Sports:
**Julie Donaldson / Larry Ridley

''WLVI uses additional news personnel from WHDH. See [[WHDH-TV|that article]] for a complete listing.''

==Past Personalities==
These personalities were part of WLVI's news team when the station was sold to Sunbeam Television.

''Weekdays''
*Frank Mallicoat - anchor (now at [[WFXT]])
*Karen Marinella - anchor (no longer in TV)
*Mike Wankum - Chief Meteorologist (now at [[WCVB-TV]])
*Mike Ratte - Sports Director (now at [[WVIT]])

''Weekends''
*Paul Mueller - anchor and weeknight reporter (now at [[WLNE-TV]])
*Stephanie Leyden - anchor and weeknight reporter
*Joe Venuti - meteorologist (now at [[WCVB-TV]])
*Jamie Kenneally - sports anchor

These other notable personalities were also part of WLVI's own in-house news team when the station produced its own newscasts.

*Darin Adams - morning meteorologist
*[[Michael Barkann]] -Sports (now at [[Comcast SportsNet Philadelphia]])
*Jeff Barnd - anchor (now in [[Baltimore]]) at [[WBFF-TV]]
*Jerry Brown - first Chief Meteorologist
*Kristin Caira - reporter (now at [[NECN]])
*Adam Chodak - reporter (now at [[KUSA-TV]])
*Barbara Conrad - weekend meteorologist
*Jim Corbin - weather (now at [[WLNE-TV]])
*Susan Corwin (now known as Susan Hirasuna) - Health reporter/anchor (now at[[KTTV]])
*[[Mike Crispino]] - Sports (Now at the [[MSG Network]])
*Jon Du Pre - anchor (now at [[KNXV]])
*Henry Eaton - reporter
*Julie Emry - anchor (last seen at [[KOIN]])
*[[Bob Gamere]] - sports anchor / reporter
*Ron Harris - Chief / weekend meteorologist
*Terrell Harris - reporter
*Christina Huey - weekend anchor
*Jack Hynes - anchor (retired)
*[[Natalie Jacobson]] - anchor (retired)
*Lauren Jiggetts - reporter (now at [[WMAQ-TV]])
*Rosalind Jordan - reporter
*Jon Keller - critic at large (now at [[WBZ-TV]])
*Shelli Lockhart - anchor (now at [[WDAF-TV]])
*[[Arch MacDonald]] - first anchor (deceased)
*Darlene McCarthy - anchor (retired)
*Thom McGair - reporter
*Jon Monahan - reporter (now at [[WFXT-TV]])
*Barbara Morse - health reporter (now at [[WJAR]])
*Bill O'Connell - sports anchor / reporter
*Glenn Pearson - anchor
*Uma Pemmaraju - anchor (now at [[Fox News Channel]])
*Odetta Rogers - anchor
*John Rooke - sports anchor / reporter
*Genevieve Rossi - morning reporter
*Tory Ryden - reporter (now at [[WMTW-TV]] in Portland,ME.)
*Bonnie Scheinder - weekend weather (2002-2003) now at [[CNN]].
*Joe Shortsleeve - anchor (now at [[WBZ-TV]])
*Jim Smith - reporter (now on [[WBZ-TV]])
*Karen Twomey - reporter (now at [[WBZ-AM]])
*Steve Udelson - Chief / weekend meteorologist


==References==
==References==
*[http://kongming.net/novel/sgz/zhanghe.php Sanguozhi Biography of Zhang He]
<references />
*[http://www.bostonradio.org/radio/wlvi.html WLVI-TV (3-27-2005). ''The Boston TV Dial''].
*[http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2006/09/15/channel_7_owner_to_buy_wlvi_tv_56/ "Channel 7 owner to buy WLVI-TV 56".] ''Boston Globe'', September 15, 2006.


[[Category:228]]
==External links==
[[Category:Battles of the Three Kingdoms|Jieting 228]]
*[http://www.cw56.com/ Station Website]
[[Category:228 in China]]
*[http://www.whdh.com/ WHDH Website]
[[Category:History of Gansu]]
*{{TVQ|WLVI}}


{{Boston TV}}
{{battle-stub}}
{{ThreeKingdoms-stub}}
{{CW_Massachusetts}}
{{CW New Hampshire}}
{{Sunbeam Television}}


[[de:Schlacht von Jieting]]
[[Category:Television stations in Boston, Massachusetts]]
[[ja:街亭の戦い]]
[[Category:Television stations in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:CW network affiliates]]
[[Category:Kaiser Broadcasting]]
[[Category:Field Communications]]
[[Category:Gannett TV]]
[[Category:Tribune Broadcasting]]
[[Category:Channel 56 TV stations in the United States]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1966]]

Revision as of 21:48, 10 October 2008

Battle of Jieting
Part of the First Northern Expedition of Shu of the Three Kingdoms
Foot-pedal-triggered Lian Nu (multiple shot crossbow) Battery
Date228
Location
Jieting, Gansu
Result Decisive Wei victory
Belligerents
Cao Wei Shu Han
Commanders and leaders
Zhang He Ma Su
Strength
50,000 men ca. 50,000 men
Casualties and losses
Unknown Unknown

The Battle of Jieting (街亭之戰) was a battle fought in 228 during the first northern expedition led by Zhuge Liang.

Battle

Jieting was a crucial region for the securing of supplies, and Zhuge Liang sent generals Ma Su and Wang Ping to guard the region. Ma Su went accompanied by Wang Ping but did not listen to his sound military advice. Relying purely on books of military tactics, he chose to 'take the high ground' and set his base on the mountains instead of in a city, ignoring Wang Ping and his advice to set up base in a valley well supplied with water. Wang Ping, however, managed to persuade Ma Su to give him command of a portion of the troops, and later Wang set up his base camp near Ma Su's camp, in order to offer assistance when Ma was in danger. Due to this tactical mistake, the Wei troops led by Zhang He encircled the hill and cut off the water supply to the Shu troops and attacked; later, Sima Yi's forces set fire to the hill. Wang Ping led his troops in an attempt to help Ma Su but the Shu army suffered a great defeat in which both the army and the fort were both lost. Though he survived the battle, Ma Su feared punishment and attempted to flee. However, he was soon captured by Shu forces. The prefectures of Nan An, Tian Shui and An Ding revolted to Zhuge Liang. Zhang He pacified all three.

Aftermath

Ma Su was sentenced to death by Zhuge Liang, along with Ma Su's deputy commanders Zhang Xiu (张休) and Li Sheng (李盛), but Ma Su eventually died of sickness in jail before the execution could be carried out, while the other two were executed. In the Romance of Three Kingdoms, Ma Su was beheaded by a tearful Zhuge Liang, whose continued high appraisal for Ma Su's intelligence made that a very reluctant decision. The scene is considered among the most famous in the novel, and is reenacted in Chinese opera frequently.

A Japanese proverb, "executing Ma Su with tears" (泣いて馬謖を斬る, naite Bashoku wo kiru) refers specifically to this incident, meaning "punishing a person for his wrongdoings regardless of relations or his abilities."

Because of the loss of Jieting, the supply situation became dire for Zhuge Liang's army and he had to retreat to his main base at Hanzhong. In the Romance of Three Kingdoms, the loss of Jieting exposed Zhuge Liang's current location, the defenseless Xicheng. Zhuge Liang used the Empty Fort Strategy to ward off the Wei army before his retreat. Also, the defeat at Jieting had caused the First Northern Campaign to result in failure.

Modern culture

The Battle of Jieting is one of the stages in the Dynasty Warriors series for the Playstation 2. If the player is on the Wei side, they have the option to follow history and easily win the battle. On the other hand, if they player is on the Shu side, they will have difficulty since the survival of Ma Su is a major objective.

References

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