Microdon: Difference between revisions

Microdon
	Microdon mutabilis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Syrphidae
Subfamily:	Microdontinae
Genus:	Microdon; Meigen, 1803
Type species
	Musca mutabilis; Linnaeus, 1758
Subgenera and species groups
	Chymophila Macquart, 1834; Dimeraspis Newman, 1838; Megodon Keiser, 1971; Microdon sensu stricto; Myiacerapis Hull, 1949; Syrphipogon Hull, 1937; Microdon sensu lato craigheadii-group; erythros-group; mirabilis-group; tarsalis-group; virgo-group; unplaced species; ;
Synonyms
	Aphritis Latreille, 1804; Colacis Gistel, 1848; Scutelligera Spix, 1824; Parmula Heyden, 1825; Scutigerella Haas, 1924;

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Hover flies (family Syrphidae) of the genus Microdon are unusual among the Diptera. Like other members of the subfamily, they are myrmecophiles, meaning they inhabit the nests of ants.

There are 249 species known worldwide, with the greatest diversity being from the tropics; 30 species are known from North America, though it is expected that many of these species will be placed in other genera in time, as Microdon has been used as a catch-all for various unrelated species not placed in other genera.^[2]^[3]^{[needs update]}

Appearance[edit]

Microdon adults look more or less like typical flies. Like some other hoverflies, they are generally robust and very hairy, often closely resembling bees. They are between 8 and 15 mm long. The antennae are rather long, with the last (third) segment nearly as long as, or sometimes significantly longer than, the first segment; the antennae are nearly as long as the fly's face. These flies are covered in black or pale (white or golden) hairs, and are themselves either black or metallic green or blue. The scutellum is with apical calcars and wing vein R4+5 with an appendix. They have simple legs and abdomens.^[2]

The real oddity of the genus Microdon is in its larvae and pupae. These are dome-shaped and look like stout little slugs. Their appearance originally led scientists to describe them as mollusks and scale insects.^[4] They are slow-moving. Most have the spiracles on a peg-like protuberance extending from the end of their abdomens.

Behaviour[edit]

Adult Microdon flies do not behave like other syrphid flies; they do not hover around flowers, but instead remain very near the ant colonies which serve as larval hosts.

Larvae may be found very deep in ant colonies. Some species actively feed on ant larvae in the colony,^[4] others are speculated to be scavengers.^[5] Microdon larvae are more or less restricted in their ant host species. Some Microdon species have only ever been found in the colonies of a single ant species, while others are restricted to related ant species or genera. Because these flies have such cryptic life cycles, biological information on most species is limited.

Species[edit]

Microdon is divided into six subgenera (including Microdon sensu stricto), plus five species groups and some unplaced species in Microdon sensu lato.^[1]

Subgenus Chymophila[edit]

Nearctic:

Microdon fulgens Wiedemann, 1830 (Synonyms: Microdon euglossoides Gray, 1832; Chymophila splendens Macquart, 1834)

Neotropical:

Microdon angulatus Hull, 1943
Microdon argentinae Hull, 1937
Microdon aurifacius Hull, 1937
Microdon barbiellinii Curran, 1936
Microdon bruchi Shannon, 1927
Microdon cyaneiventris Macquart, 1846 (Synonym: Aphritis cyanoventris Williston, 1886 (misspelling))
Microdon cyaneus Perty, 1833
Microdon emeralda Hull, 1943
Microdon flavoluna Hull, 1943
Microdon histrio Wiedemann, 1830
Microdon inaequalis Loew, 1866
Microdon instabilis Wiedemann, 1830 (Synonyms: Aphritis dives Rondani, 1848; Microdon aurifex Wiedemann, 1830; Microdon trochilus Walker, 1852)^[6]
Microdon limbatus Wiedemann, 1830
Microdon marceli Curran, 1936
Microdon nero Curran, 1936
Microdon nestor Curran, 1940
Microdon opulentus Bigot, 1883
Microdon pulcher Williston, 1887
Microdon shannoni Curran, 1940
Microdon splendens Wiedemann, 1830
Microdon stramineus Hull, 1943
Microdon superbus Wiedemann, 1830
Microdon tigrinus Curran, 1940
Microdon willistoni Mik, 1899 (Synonym: Microdon inermis Williston, 1888 (nec Loew, 1858))

Oriental:

Microdon aenoviridis Curran, 1931
Microdon baramus Curran, 1942
Microdon beatus Curran, 1942
Microdon latiscutellaris Curran, 1931
Microdon lativentris Meijere, 1921 (Synonym: Microdon grandis Curran, 1928)
Microdon lundura Curran, 1942
Microdon stilboides Walker, 1849

Palaearctic:

Microdon katsurai Maruyama & Hironaga, 2004^[7]

Subgenus Dimeraspis[edit]

Microdon abditus Thompson, 1981 ^[8]
Microdon adventitius Thompson, 1981 ^[8]
Microdon fuscipennis (Macquart, 1834)
Microdon globosus (Fabricius, 1805)^[9]
Microdon marmoratum Bigot, 1884 ^[10]
Microdon remotus Knab, 1917^[11]

Subgenus Megodon[edit]

M. planitarsus Keiser, 1971
M. stuckenbergi (Keiser, 1971)

Subgenus Microdon sensu stricto[edit]

Nearctic:

Neotropical:

Microdon aureopilis Marinoni, 2004
Microdon barbouri Hull, 1942
Microdon bassleri Curran, 1940
Microdon bonariensis Lynch Arribalzaga, 1891
Microdon brutus Hull, 1944
Microdon caesar Curran, 1940
Microdon colakriki Reemer, 2014^[6]
Microdon crassitarsis (Macquart, 1848)
Microdon eutristis Curran, 1925
Microdon macquartii Lynch Arribalzaga, 1891
Microdon mourei Marinoni, 2004
Microdon remus Curran, 1941
Microdon rufiventris (Rondani, 1848)
Microdon violaceus (Macquart, 1842)
Microdon virgo Curran, 1940

Oriental:

Microdon aeneus Keiser, 1952
Microdon alboscutatus Curran, 1931
Microdon bellus Brunetti, 1923
Microdon formosanus Shiraki, 1930
Microdon fulvopubescens Brunetti, 1923
Microdon fumipennis Hull, 1944
Microdon metallicus Meijere, 1904
Microdon sumatranus Wulp, 1892
Microdon sumbanus Keiser, 1952

Palaearctic:

Microdon analis (Macquart, 1842)
Microdon auricomus Coquillett, 1898
Microdon dentigiganteus Tian, Huo & Zhang, 2019^[12]
Microdon devius (Linnaeus, 1761)
Microdon hauseri Reemer, 2013^[1]
Microdon ignotus Violovitsh, 1976
Microdon japonicus Yano, 1915
Microdon kidai Hironaga & Maruyama, 2004
Microdon lateus Violovitsh, 1976
Microdon lehri Mutin, 1999
Microdon macrocerus Hironaga & Maruyama, 2004
Microdon major Andries, 1912
Microdon mandarinus Reemer, 2013^[1]
Microdon maritimus Violovitsh, 1976
Microdon miki Doczkal & Schmid, 1999
Microdon murayamai Hironaga & Maruyama, 2004
Microdon mutabilis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Microdon myrmicae Schönrogge, Barr, Wardlaw, Napper, Gardner, Breen, Elmes & Thomas, 2002
Microdon mysa Violovitsh, 1971
Microdon nigripes Shiraki, 1930
Microdon nigrodorsatus Mutin, 2011
Microdon novus (Schrank, 1776)
Microdon oitanus Shiraki, 1930
Microdon podomelainus Huo, Ren & Zheng, 2007
Microdon ursitarsis Stackelberg, 1926
Microdon yokohamai Hironaga & Maruyama, 2004
Microdon yunnanensis Reemer, 2013^[1]

Subgenus Myiacerapis[edit]

Myiacerapis is a subgenus of the hoverfly genus Microdon. It contains only one species, Microdon villosus.^[1]^[2] It is native to Uganda, though an undescribed species is known from South Africa.^[1] Larvae are found in ant nests.

Subgenus Syrphipogon[edit]

There are two species described in Syrphipogon:^[1]

M. fucatissimus (Hull, 1937)
M. gaigei Steyskal, 1953

Microdon sensu lato species groups[edit]

craigheadii-group[edit]

Nearctic:

Microdon craigheadii Walton, 1912

erythros-group[edit]

Afrotropical:

Microdon erythros Bezzi, 1908

= Microdon erytherus Bezzi, 1921 (misspelling)

Microdon luteiventris Bezzi, 1915

mirabilis-group[edit]

Neotropical:

Microdon bertonii Bezzi, 1910

= Microdon arcuata Curran, 1941

Microdon iheringi Bezzi, 1910
Microdon mirabilis Williston, 1888

tarsalis-group[edit]

Afrotropical:

Microdon tarsalis Hervé-Bazin, 1913

= Microdon bequaerti Curran, 1929

Unplaced species[edit]

Afrotropical

Microdon harinhalai (Reemer, 2015) ^[13]
Microdon berobak (Reemer, 2015) ^[13]
Microdon ifanadiana (Reemer, 2015) ^[13]
Microdon irwini (Reemer, 2015) ^[13]
Microdon janne (Reemer, 2015) ^[13]
Microdon sava (Reemer, 2015) ^[13]
Microdon tsara Keiser, 1971

Australian / Oceanian:

Microdon amabilis Ferguson, 1926
Microdon macquariensis Ferguson, 1926
Microdon nigromarginalis Curran & Bryan, 1926
Microdon pictipennis (Macquart, 1850)

= Microdon pictulipennis Hull, 1944

Microdon rieki Paramonov, 1957
Microdon waterhousei Ferguson, 1926

Oriental:

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Reemer, Menno; Ståhls, Gunilla (2013). "Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)". ZooKeys (288): 1–213. doi:10.3897/zookeys.288.4095. PMC 3690914. PMID 23798897.
^ ^a ^b ^c Cheng, Xin-Yue; Thompson, F. Christian (2008). "A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1879. New Zealand: Magnolia Press: 21–48. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1879.1.3. ISSN 1175-5334. Retrieved 2009-09-11.
^ ^a ^b Thompson, F.C (1981). "Revisionary notes on Nearctic Microdon flies (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 83. Washington D.C.: Allen Press: 725–758. ISSN 0013-8797.
^ ^a ^b Duffield, R.M (1981). "Biology of Microdon fuscipennis (Diptera: Syrphidae) with interpretation of reproductive strategies of Microdon species found north of Mexico". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 83. Washington D.C.: Allen Press: 716–724. ISSN 0013-8797.
^ Donisthorpe, H. St. J. (1927). The guests of British ants : their habits and life-histories. London: Routledge. p. 244.
^ ^a ^b Reemer, Menno (2014). "A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera". Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. 157 (1): 27–57. doi:10.1163/22119434-00002035.
^ Maruyama, Munetoshi; Hironaga, Teruhiko (December 22, 2004). "Microdon katsurai, a New Species of Myrmecophilous Hoverfly (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Japan, Associated with Polyrhachis lamellidens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum. A. 30 (4). Tokyo: National Science Museum, Tokyo: 173–179.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ ^a ^b Thompson, F.C (1981). "Revisionary notes on Nearctic Microdon flies (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 83: 725–758.
^ Fabricius, Johann Christian (1805). Systema antliatorum : secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunsvigae. p. 372.?
^ Bigot, Jacques-Marie-Frangile (1884). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 22e partie, XXXII: Syrphidi (2e partie). espèces nouvelles, No 1er". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 3 (6): 315–356. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ Knab, F. (1917). "On some North American species of Microdon (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 30: 133–143.
^ Tian, Jing; Huo, Ke-Ke; Zhang, Chun-Tian; Ren, Bing-Zhong (2019). "Microdon dentigiganteum sp. nov. and other Microdontinae species (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Northeast China". Zootaxa. 4712 (1): 65–76. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.4. PMID 32230696. S2CID 212755775.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Reemer, Menno (2015). "Six new species of Microdon Meigen from Madagascar" (PDF). Zootaxa. 4034 (1): 127–147. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4034.1.6. PMID 26624434. S2CID 44650485.

[Reemer2013-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Reemer, Menno; Ståhls, Gunilla (2013). "Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)". ZooKeys (288): 1–213. doi:10.3897/zookeys.288.4095. PMC 3690914. PMID 23798897.

[Cheng2008-2] Cheng, Xin-Yue; Thompson, F. Christian (2008). "A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1879. New Zealand: Magnolia Press: 21–48. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1879.1.3. ISSN 1175-5334. Retrieved 2009-09-11.

[Thompson-3] Thompson, F.C (1981). "Revisionary notes on Nearctic Microdon flies (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 83. Washington D.C.: Allen Press: 725–758. ISSN 0013-8797.

[Duffield-4] Duffield, R.M (1981). "Biology of Microdon fuscipennis (Diptera: Syrphidae) with interpretation of reproductive strategies of Microdon species found north of Mexico". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 83. Washington D.C.: Allen Press: 716–724. ISSN 0013-8797.

[5] Donisthorpe, H. St. J. (1927). The guests of British ants : their habits and life-histories. London: Routledge. p. 244.

[Reemer2014-6] Reemer, Menno (2014). "A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera". Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. 157 (1): 27–57. doi:10.1163/22119434-00002035.

[Maruyama-7] Maruyama, Munetoshi; Hironaga, Teruhiko (December 22, 2004). "Microdon katsurai, a New Species of Myrmecophilous Hoverfly (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Japan, Associated with Polyrhachis lamellidens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the National Science Museum. A. 30 (4). Tokyo: National Science Museum, Tokyo: 173–179.^{[permanent dead link]}

[thompson81-8] Thompson, F.C (1981). "Revisionary notes on Nearctic Microdon flies (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 83: 725–758.

[Fabricius1805-9] Fabricius, Johann Christian (1805). Systema antliatorum : secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunsvigae. p. 372.?

[Bigot1884-10] Bigot, Jacques-Marie-Frangile (1884). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 22e partie, XXXII: Syrphidi (2e partie). espèces nouvelles, No 1er". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 3 (6): 315–356. Retrieved 24 July 2021.

[11] Knab, F. (1917). "On some North American species of Microdon (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 30: 133–143.

[12] Tian, Jing; Huo, Ke-Ke; Zhang, Chun-Tian; Ren, Bing-Zhong (2019). "Microdon dentigiganteum sp. nov. and other Microdontinae species (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Northeast China". Zootaxa. 4712 (1): 65–76. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.4. PMID 32230696. S2CID 212755775.

[reemer15-13] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Reemer, Menno (2015). "Six new species of Microdon Meigen from Madagascar" (PDF). Zootaxa. 4034 (1): 127–147. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4034.1.6. PMID 26624434. S2CID 44650485.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

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@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 | type_species = ''[[Microdon mutabilis|Musca mutabilis]]''
 | type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
-| subdivision_ranks = Subgenera and species groups<ref name=Reemer2013>{{cite journal|first1=Menno |last1=Reemer|first2=Gunilla|last2=Ståhls|year=2013|title=Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)|journal=[[ZooKeys]]|issue=288|pages=1–213|doi=10.3897/zookeys.288.4095|pmid=23798897|pmc=3690914}}</ref>
+| subdivision_ranks = Subgenera and species groups<ref name=Reemer2013>{{cite journal|first1=Menno |last1=Reemer|first2=Gunilla|last2=Ståhls|year=2013|title=Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)|journal=[[ZooKeys]]|issue=288|pages=1–213|doi=10.3897/zookeys.288.4095|pmid=23798897|pmc=3690914|doi-access=free }}</ref>
 | subdivision =
 *''[[Chymophila]]'' <small>[[Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart|Macquart]], 1834</small>
 *''[[Dimeraspis]]'' <small>Newman, 1838</small>
 *''[[Megodon]]'' <small>Keiser, 1971</small>
-*''Microdon'' s.s.
+*''Microdon'' ''[[sensu stricto]]''
 *''[[Myiacerapis]]'' <small>[[Frank Montgomery Hull|Hull]], 1949</small>
 *''[[Syrphipogon]]'' <small>[[Frank Montgomery Hull|Hull]], 1937</small>
-*''Microdon'' s.l.
+*''Microdon'' ''[[sensu lato]]''
 **''craigheadii''-group
 **''erythros''-group
@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 Hover flies (family [[Syrphidae]]) of the genus '''''Microdon''''' are unusual among the [[Fly|Diptera]]. Like other members of the subfamily, they are [[myrmecophile]]s, meaning they inhabit the nests of ants.
-There are 249 species known worldwide, with the greatest diversity being from the [[tropics]]; 30 species are known from North America, though it is expected that many of these species will be placed in other genera in time, as ''Microdon'' has been used as a catch-all for various unrelated species not placed in other genera.<ref name="Cheng2008">{{cite journal | last1 = Cheng | first1 = Xin-Yue | last2 = Thompson | first2 = F. Christian | year = 2008 | title = A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 1879 | pages = 21–48 | publisher = Magnolia Press | location = New Zealand | doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.1879.1.3 | issn = 1175-5334 | url = http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2008/f/zt01879p048.pdf | access-date = 2009-09-11 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Thompson">{{cite journal |last = Thompson | first = F.C |year=1981 |title=Revisionary notes on Nearctic ''Microdon'' flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) |journal=Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington |volume=83 |pages=725–758 |publisher=Allen Press  |location=Washington D.C. |issn= 0013-8797 }}</ref>{{update-inline|reason=No longer up-to-date, see Reemer & Ståhls (2013) for current information.|date=December 2018}}
+There are 249 species known worldwide, with the greatest diversity being from the [[tropics]]; 30 species are known from North America, though it is expected that many of these species will be placed in other genera in time, as ''Microdon'' has been used as a catch-all for various unrelated species not placed in other genera.<ref name="Cheng2008">{{cite journal | last1 = Cheng | first1 = Xin-Yue | last2 = Thompson | first2 = F. Christian | year = 2008 | title = A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 1879 | pages = 21–48 | publisher = Magnolia Press | location = New Zealand | doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.1879.1.3 | issn = 1175-5334 | url = http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2008/f/zt01879p048.pdf | access-date = 2009-09-11 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Thompson">{{cite journal |last = Thompson | first = F.C |year=1981 |title=Revisionary notes on Nearctic ''Microdon'' flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) |journal=Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington |volume=83 |pages=725–758 |publisher=Allen Press  |location=Washington D.C. |issn= 0013-8797 }}</ref>{{update inline|reason=No longer up-to-date, see Reemer & Ståhls (2013) for current information.|date=December 2018}}
 ==Appearance==
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 Adult ''Microdon'' flies do not behave like other syrphid flies; they do not hover around flowers, but instead remain very near the ant colonies which serve as larval hosts.
-Larvae may be found very deep in ant colonies. Some species actively feed on ant larvae in the colony,<ref name="Duffield"/> others are speculated to be scavengers{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}. ''Microdon'' larvae are more or less restricted in their ant host species. Some ''Microdon'' species have only ever been found in the colonies of a single ant species, while others are restricted to related ant species or genera.  Because these flies have such cryptic life cycles, biological information on most species is limited.
+Larvae may be found very deep in ant colonies. Some species actively feed on ant larvae in the colony,<ref name="Duffield"/> others are speculated to be scavengers.<ref>{{cite book |last=Donisthorpe |first=H. St. J. |author-link= |date=1927 |title=The guests of British ants : their habits and life-histories |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iBA5AAAAMAAJ&q=The+guests+of+British+ants. |location=London  |publisher=Routledge  |pages= 244 |isbn= }}</ref> ''Microdon'' larvae are more or less restricted in their ant host species. Some ''Microdon'' species have only ever been found in the colonies of a single ant species, while others are restricted to related ant species or genera.  Because these flies have such cryptic life cycles, biological information on most species is limited.
 ==Species==
-''Microdon'' is divided into six subgenera (including ''Microdon'' s.s.), plus five species groups and some unplaced species in "''Microdon'' s.l.".<ref name=Reemer2013/>
+''Microdon'' is divided into six subgenera (including ''Microdon'' ''[[sensu stricto]]''), plus five species groups and some unplaced species in ''Microdon'' ''[[sensu lato]]''.<ref name=Reemer2013/>
 ===Subgenus ''Chymophila''===
 {{main|Chymophila}}
@@ Line 98: / Line 99: @@
 ===Subgenus ''Dimeraspis''===
 {{main|Dimeraspis}}
+*''[[Microdon abditus]]'' <small>Thompson, 1981</small> <ref name=thompson81/>
+*''[[Microdon adventitius]]'' <small>Thompson, 1981</small> <ref name=thompson81>{{cite journal  |last= Thompson |first= F.C |year=1981 |title=Revisionary notes on Nearctic ''Microdon'' flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) |journal=Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington |volume=83 |pages=725–758 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/55215#page/755/mode/1up}}</ref>
+*''[[Microdon fuscipennis]]'' <small>(Macquart, 1834)</small>
+*''[[Microdon globosus]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1805)</small><ref name="Fabricius1805">{{cite book |last=Fabricius |first= Johann Christian |author-link= |date=1805 |title=Systema antliatorum : secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53432#page/11/mode/1up |location= Brunsvigae |publisher= |page= 372 |isbn= }}?</ref>
+*''[[Microdon marmoratum]]'' <small>Bigot, 1884</small> <ref name="Bigot1884">{{cite journal |last1=Bigot |first1=Jacques-Marie-Frangile |title=Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 22e partie, XXXII: Syrphidi (2e partie). espèces nouvelles, No 1er |journal=Annales de la Société Entomologique de France |date=1884 |volume=3 |issue=6 |pages=315–356 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32548743#page/319/mode/1up |access-date=24 July 2021}}</ref>
+*''[[Microdon remotus]]'' <small>Knab, 1917</small><ref>{{cite journal  |last=Knab |first=F. |year=1917 |title=On some North American species of Microdon (Diptera: Syrphidae) |journal=Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington |volume=30 |pages= 133–143 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3335018#page/162/mode/1up }}</ref>
 ===Subgenus ''Megodon''===
 {{main|Megodon}}
+*''[[Microdon planitarsus|M. planitarsus]]'' <small>Keiser, 1971</small>
-===Subgenus ''Microdon'' s.s.===
+*''[[Microdon stuckenbergi|M. stuckenbergi]]'' <small>(Keiser, 1971)</small>
-Nearctic:
+===Subgenus ''Microdon'' ''sensu stricto''===
+[[Nearctic realm|Nearctic]]:
+{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
 * ''[[Microdon abstrusus]]'' <small>[[F. Christian Thompson|Thompson]], 1981</small><ref name="Thompson"/>
 * ''[[Microdon albicomatus]]'' <small>Novak, 1977</small>
 * ''[[Microdon aurulentus]]'' <small>([[Johan Christian Fabricius|Fabricius]], 1805)</small>
 * ''[[Microdon cothurnatus]]'' <small>[[Jacques-Marie-Frangile Bigot|Bigot]], 1883</small>
-:= ''Microdon cockerelli'' <small>Jones, 1922</small>
 * ''[[Microdon lanceolatus]]'' <small>Adams, 1903</small>
-:= ''Microdon coloradensis'' <small>Cockerell & Andrews, 1916</small>
-:= ''Microdon modestus'' <small>Knab, 1917</small>
-:= ''Microdon senilis'' <small>Knab, 1917</small>
-:= ''Microdon similis'' <small>Jones, 1917</small>
 * ''[[Microdon manitobensis]]'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1924</small>
 * ''[[Microdon megalogaster]]'' <small>Snow, 1892</small>
-:= ''Microdon bombiformis'' <small>[[Charles Henry Tyler Townsend|Townsend]], 1895</small>
 * ''[[Microdon newcomeri]]'' <small>Mann, 1924</small>
 * ''[[Microdon ocellaris]]'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1924</small>
 * ''[[Microdon piperi]]'' <small>Knab, 1917</small>
 * ''[[Microdon ruficrus]]'' <small>[[Samuel Wendell Williston|Williston]], 1887</small>
-:= ''Microdon basicornis'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1925</small>
-:= ''Microdon champlaini'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1925</small>
 * ''[[Microdon tristis]]'' <small>[[Hermann Loew|Loew]], 1864</small>
-:= ''Microdon robusta'' <small>Telford, 1939</small>
 * ''[[Microdon xanthopilis]]'' <small>[[Charles Henry Tyler Townsend|Townsend]], 1895</small>
+}}
-Neotropical:
+[[Neotropical realm|Neotropical]]:
+{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
 * ''[[Microdon aureopilis]]'' <small>Marinoni, 2004</small>
 * ''[[Microdon barbouri]]'' <small>[[Frank Montgomery Hull|Hull]], 1942</small>
@@ Line 132: / Line 138: @@
 * ''[[Microdon brutus]]'' <small>[[Frank Montgomery Hull|Hull]], 1944</small>
 * ''[[Microdon caesar]]'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1940</small>
-* ''[[Microdon colakriki]]'' <small>Reemer, 2014</small><ref name="Reemer2014">{{cite journal|first=Menno|last=Reemer|year=2014|title=A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera|journal=Tijdschrift voor Entomologie|volume=157|issue=1|pages=27–57|doi=10.1163/22119434-00002035}}</ref>
+* ''[[Microdon colakriki]]'' <small>Reemer, 2014</small><ref name="Reemer2014">{{cite journal|first=Menno|last=Reemer|year=2014|title=A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera|journal=Tijdschrift voor Entomologie|volume=157|issue=1|pages=27–57|doi=10.1163/22119434-00002035|doi-access=free}}</ref>
 * ''[[Microdon crassitarsis]]'' <small>([[Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart|Macquart]], 1848)</small>
 * ''[[Microdon eutristis]]'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1925</small>
 * ''[[Microdon macquartii]]'' <small>Lynch Arribalzaga, 1891</small>
-:= ''Aphritis angustus'' <small>[[Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart|Macquart]], 1848 (nec [[Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart|Macquart]], 1846)</small>
-:= ''Microdon angustatus'' <small>Fluke, 1957</small> (misspelling)
 * ''[[Microdon mourei]]'' <small>Marinoni, 2004</small>
 * ''[[Microdon remus]]'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1941</small>
@@ Line 143: / Line 147: @@
 * ''[[Microdon violaceus]]'' <small>([[Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart|Macquart]], 1842)</small>
 * ''[[Microdon virgo]]'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1940</small>
+}}
 Oriental:
+{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
 * ''[[Microdon aeneus]]'' <small>Keiser, 1952</small>
 * ''[[Microdon alboscutatus]]'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1931</small>
@@ Line 154: / Line 159: @@
 * ''[[Microdon sumatranus]]'' <small>[[Frederik Maurits van der Wulp|Wulp]], 1892</small>
 * ''[[Microdon sumbanus]]'' <small>Keiser, 1952</small>
+}}
-Palaearctic:
+[[Palearctic realm|Palaearctic]]:
+{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
 * ''[[Microdon analis]]'' <small>([[Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart|Macquart]], 1842)</small>
-:= ''Scutelligera? ammerlandia'' <small>[[Johann Baptist von Spix|Spix]], 1824</small>
-:= ''Microdon brevicornis'' <small>[[Johann Egger|Egger]], 1862 (nec [[Hermann Loew|Loew]], 1857)</small>
-:= ''Microdon eggeri'' <small>[[Josef Mik|Mik]], 1897</small>
-:= ''Microdon fuscitarsis'' <small>[[Theodor Emil Schummel|Schummel]], 1842</small>
-:= ''Microdon latifrons'' <small>[[Hermann Loew|Loew]], 1856</small>
-:= ''Buchanania? reticulata'' <small>Torrez Minguez, 1924</small>
 * ''[[Microdon auricomus]]'' <small>[[Daniel William Coquillett|Coquillett]], 1898</small>
-* ''[[Microdon dentigiganteus]]'' <small>Tian, Huo & Zhang, 2019</small><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tian|first1=Jing|last2=Huo|first2=Ke-Ke|last3=Zhang|first3=Chun-Tian|last4=Ren|first4=Bing-Zhong|year=2019|title=''Microdon dentigiganteum'' sp. nov. and other Microdontinae species (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Northeast China|journal=[[Zootaxa]]|volume=4712|issue=1|pages=65–76|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.4|pmid=32230696}}</ref>
+* ''[[Microdon dentigiganteus]]'' <small>Tian, Huo & Zhang, 2019</small><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tian|first1=Jing|last2=Huo|first2=Ke-Ke|last3=Zhang|first3=Chun-Tian|last4=Ren|first4=Bing-Zhong|year=2019|title=''Microdon dentigiganteum'' sp. nov. and other Microdontinae species (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Northeast China|journal=[[Zootaxa]]|volume=4712|issue=1|pages=65–76|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.4|pmid=32230696|s2cid=212755775 }}</ref>
 * ''[[Microdon devius]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1761)</small>
-:= ''Microdon anthinus'' <small>[[Johann Wilhelm Meigen|Meigen]], 1822</small>
-:= ''Stratiomys conica'' <small>[[Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer|Panzer]], 1793</small>
-:= ''Microdon micans'' <small>[[Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann|Wiedemann]] ''in'' [[Johann Wilhelm Meigen|Meigen]], 1822</small>
-:= ''Microdon picticornis'' <small>[[Josef Mik|Mik]], 1897</small>
-:= ''Stratiomys pigra'' <small>[[Franz von Paula Schrank|Schrank]], 1803</small>
-:= ''Musca viridescens'' <small>[[Charles Joseph Devillers|Villers]], 1789</small>
 * ''[[Microdon hauseri]]'' <small>Reemer, 2013</small><ref name=Reemer2013/>
 * ''[[Microdon ignotus]]'' <small>Violovitsh, 1976</small>
 * ''[[Microdon japonicus]]'' <small>Yano, 1915</small>
-:= ''Microdon jezoensis'' <small>Matsumura, 1916</small>
 * ''[[Microdon kidai]]'' <small>Hironaga & Maruyama, 2004</small>
 * ''[[Microdon lateus]]'' <small>Violovitsh, 1976</small>
@@ Line 186: / Line 180: @@
 * ''[[Microdon murayamai]]'' <small>Hironaga & Maruyama, 2004</small>
 * ''[[Microdon mutabilis]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])</small>
-:= ''Mulio apiarius'' <small>[[Johan Christian Fabricius|Fabricius]], 1805</small>
-:= ''Musca apiformis'' <small>[[Charles De Geer|De Geer]], 1776</small>
-:= ''Aphritis auropubescens'' <small>[[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]], 1805</small>
-:= ''Parmula? cocciformis'' <small>[[Carl von Heyden|von Heyden]], 1825</small>
-:= ''Microdon rhenanus'' <small>Andries, 1912</small>
-:= ''Microdon scutellatus'' <small>[[Theodor Emil Schummel|Schummel]], 1842</small>
 * ''[[Microdon myrmicae]]'' <small>Schönrogge, Barr, Wardlaw, Napper, Gardner, Breen, Elmes & Thomas, 2002</small>
 * ''[[Microdon mysa]]'' <small>Violovitsh, 1971</small>
@@ Line 202: / Line 190: @@
 * ''[[Microdon yokohamai]]'' <small>Hironaga & Maruyama, 2004</small>
 * ''[[Microdon yunnanensis]]'' <small>Reemer, 2013</small><ref name=Reemer2013/>
+}}
 ===Subgenus ''Myiacerapis''===
 {{main|Myiacerapis}}
+'''''Myiacerapis''''' is a [[subgenus]] of the [[hoverfly]] [[genus]] ''Microdon''. It contains only one species, '''''Microdon villosus.'''''<ref name=Reemer2013>{{cite journal|first1=Menno |last1=Reemer|first2=Gunilla|last2=Ståhls|year=2013|title=Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)|journal=[[ZooKeys]]|issue=288|pages=1–213|doi=10.3897/zookeys.288.4095|pmid=23798897|pmc=3690914|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Cheng2008">{{cite journal | last1 = Cheng | first1 = Xin-Yue | last2 = Thompson | first2 = F. Christian | year = 2008 | title = A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 1879 | pages = 21–48 | publisher = Magnolia Press | location = New Zealand | doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.1879.1.3 | issn = 1175-5334 | url = http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2008/f/zt01879p048.pdf | access-date = 2009-09-11 | doi-access = free }}</ref> It is native to [[Uganda]], though an undescribed species is known from [[South Africa]].<ref name=Reemer2013/> [[Larva]]e are found in [[ant]] nests.
 ===Subgenus ''Syrphipogon''===
 {{main|Syrphipogon}}
+There are two species described in ''Syrphipogon'':<ref name=Reemer2013/>
+*''[[Microdon fucatissimus|M. fucatissimus]]'' <small>([[Frank Montgomery Hull|Hull]], 1937)</small>
+*''[[Microdon gaigei|M. gaigei]]'' <small>Steyskal, 1953</small>
-===''Microdon'' s.l. species groups===
+===''Microdon'' ''sensu lato'' species groups===
 ====''craigheadii''-group====
 Nearctic:
@@ Line 215: / Line 209: @@
 ====''erythros''-group====
-Afrotropical:
+[[Afrotropical realm|Afrotropical]]:
 * ''[[Microdon erythros]]'' <small>[[Mario Bezzi|Bezzi]], 1908</small>
 := ''Microdon erytherus'' <small>[[Mario Bezzi|Bezzi]], 1921</small> (misspelling)
@@ Line 221: / Line 215: @@
 ====''mirabilis''-group====
-Neotropical:
+[[Neotropical realm|Neotropical]]:
 * ''[[Microdon bertonii]]'' <small>[[Mario Bezzi|Bezzi]], 1910</small>
 := ''Microdon arcuata'' <small>[[Charles Howard Curran|Curran]], 1941</small>
@@ Line 233: / Line 227: @@
 ====Unplaced species====
-Afrotropical:
+[[Afrotropical realm|Afrotropical]]
+*''[[Microdon harinhalai]]'' <small>(Reemer, 2015)</small> <ref name=reemer15>{{cite journal  |last=Reemer |first=Menno |year=2015 |title=Six new species of Microdon Meigen from Madagascar |journal=Zootaxa |volume= 4034 |issue=1 |pages=127–147 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4034.1.6 |pmid=26624434 |s2cid=44650485 |url=https://antwiki.org/wiki/images/1/11/Reemer_Bot_2015_Microdon_Madagascar.pdf }}</ref>
+*''[[Microdon berobak]]'' <small>(Reemer, 2015)</small> <ref name=reemer15/>
+*''[[Microdon ifanadiana]]'' <small>(Reemer, 2015)</small> <ref name=reemer15/>
+*''[[Microdon irwini]]'' <small>(Reemer, 2015)</small> <ref name=reemer15/>
+*''[[Microdon janne]]'' <small>(Reemer, 2015)</small> <ref name=reemer15/>
+*''[[Microdon sava]]'' <small>(Reemer, 2015)</small> <ref name=reemer15/>
 * ''[[Microdon tsara]]'' <small>Keiser, 1971</small>
-Australian / Oceanian:
+[[Australasian realm|Australian]] / [[Oceanian realm|Oceanian]]:
 * ''[[Microdon amabilis]]'' <small>[[Eustace William Ferguson|Ferguson]], 1926</small>
 * ''[[Microdon macquariensis]]'' <small>[[Eustace William Ferguson|Ferguson]], 1926</small>