Parapsychological Association: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Wm james.jpg|thumb|American psychologist and philosopher [[William James]] (1842–1910) was an early psychical researcher.]] |
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The '''Parapsychological Association''' ('''PA''') was formed in 1957 as a professional society for [[parapsychologists]] following an initiative by [[Joseph Banks Rhine|Joseph B. Rhine]]. Its purpose has been "to advance [[parapsychology]] as a science, to disseminate knowledge of the field, and to integrate the findings with those of other branches of science." The work of the association is reported in the ''[[Journal of Parapsychology]]'' and the ''[[Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.parapsych.org/psi_journals.html |title=Psi Journals & Publications |publisher=Parasychological Association |accessdate=2010-05-20}} (primary source)</ref> |
The '''Parapsychological Association''' ('''PA''') was formed in 1957 as a professional society for [[parapsychologists]] following an initiative by [[Joseph Banks Rhine|Joseph B. Rhine]]. Its purpose has been "to advance [[parapsychology]] as a science, to disseminate knowledge of the field, and to integrate the findings with those of other branches of science." The work of the association is reported in the ''[[Journal of Parapsychology]]'' and the ''[[Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.parapsych.org/psi_journals.html |title=Psi Journals & Publications |publisher=Parasychological Association |accessdate=2010-05-20}} (primary source)</ref> |
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In 1969, the Parapsychological Association became affiliated with the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]], and more than 20 [[Nobel Prize|Nobel prizewinners]] and many other well-known scientists have supported [[psi]] research or conducted it themselves.<ref name=cardena13>{{cite web |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3902298/ |title=A call for an open, informed study of all aspects of consciousness |author=Etzel Cardeña |date=Online Jan 27, 2014 |work=Frontiers of Human Neuroscience ( 8:17) }}</ref> |
In 1969, the Parapsychological Association became affiliated with the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]], and more than 20 [[Nobel Prize|Nobel prizewinners]] and many other well-known scientists have supported [[psi]] research or conducted it themselves.<ref name=cardena13>{{cite web |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3902298/ |title=A call for an open, informed study of all aspects of consciousness |author=Etzel Cardeña |date=Online Jan 27, 2014 |work=Frontiers of Human Neuroscience ( 8:17) }}</ref> In 1979, physicist [[John A. Wheeler]] said that parapsychology is [[pseudoscientific]], and that the affiliation of the PA to the AAAS needed to be reconsidered.<ref>{{Cite journal| last=Wheeler | first=John Archibald | authorlink=John Archibald Wheeler | contribution=Drive the Pseudos Out of the Workshop of Science | date=January 8, 1979 | journal=[[New York Review of Books]] | publication-date=May 17, 1980}}</ref><ref name=Wheeler>{{Cite book| last = Wheeler | first = John Archibald | authorlink = John Archibald Wheeler | title = Geons, Black Holes, and Quantum Foam: A Life in Physics | publisher = [[W. W. Norton]] | year = 1998 | isbn = 0-393-04642-7 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=Yk5cth-oZmQC&pg=PA343&lpg=PA343&dq=aaas+meeting+parapsychology}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Revision as of 10:33, 22 April 2014
The Parapsychological Association (PA) was formed in 1957 as a professional society for parapsychologists following an initiative by Joseph B. Rhine. Its purpose has been "to advance parapsychology as a science, to disseminate knowledge of the field, and to integrate the findings with those of other branches of science." The work of the association is reported in the Journal of Parapsychology and the Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research.[1]
In 1969, the Parapsychological Association became affiliated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and more than 20 Nobel prizewinners and many other well-known scientists have supported psi research or conducted it themselves.[2] In 1979, physicist John A. Wheeler said that parapsychology is pseudoscientific, and that the affiliation of the PA to the AAAS needed to be reconsidered.[3][4]
History
The Association was created in Durham, North Carolina, on June 19, 1957. Its formation was proposed by Rhine, then Director of the Duke Parapsychology Laboratory at Duke University, at a Workshop in Parapsychology held there. Using the occasion afforded by this wide representation of the field, Rhine proposed that the group form itself into the nucleus of an international professional society in parapsychology.[citation needed]
Its first president was R. A. McConnell, then of the Biophysics Department, University of Pittsburgh, and the first vice-president was Gertrude R. Schmeidler of the Department of Psychology, City College of New York. Rhea White was named Secretary Treasurer. Four others were elected to the Council, bringing the total to seven: Margaret Anderson, Remi J. Cadoret, Karlis Osis, and W. G. Roll. One of the co-founding supporters of PA was renowned anthropologist Margaret Mead.[citation needed][dubious ]
Activities
In 1969 the association became formally affiliated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).[2][5] The work of the association is reported in the Journal of Parapsychology and the Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research.[6] The association has its critics, including physicist John Archibald Wheeler, who tried but failed to convince the AAAS to expel the organization in 1979.[7]
The current president of the PA is American clinical psychologist James C. Carpenter. [8]
See also
- American Society for Psychical Research
- International Association for Near-Death Studies
- Society for Psychical Research
- List of parapsychology topics
References
- ^ "Psi Journals & Publications". Parasychological Association. Retrieved 2010-05-20. (primary source)
- ^ a b Etzel Cardeña (Online Jan 27, 2014). "A call for an open, informed study of all aspects of consciousness". Frontiers of Human Neuroscience ( 8:17).
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Wheeler, John Archibald (January 8, 1979). New York Review of Books (published May 17, 1980).
{{cite journal}}:|contribution=ignored (help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Wheeler, John Archibald (1998). Geons, Black Holes, and Quantum Foam: A Life in Physics. W. W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-04642-7.
- ^ "AAAS Affiliates". American Association for the Advancement of Science. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
- ^ "Psi Journals & Publications". Parasychological Association. Retrieved 2010-05-20. (primary source)
- ^ Wheeler, John Archibald. "Drive the Pseudos out of the Workshop of Science".
- ^ http://www.parapsych.org/section/35/board_of_directors.aspx
