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[[Image:Windelfetischist.jpg|thumb|right|Adult male wearing a diaper.]]
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An '''adult diaper''' is a [[diaper]] made to be worn by a person with an adult-sized body. Diapers become necessary for adults who suffer from various conditions, such as [[incontinence]], [[mobility impairment]], or [[dementia]]. Adult diapers are made in various forms, including those resembling traditional child diapers, [[underpants]], and pads resembling [[sanitary napkin]]s (known as [[incontinence pad]]s).

In the medical community, professionals are trained to use terms such as "briefs" rather than diapers for the sake of [[dignity]], as the term "diapers" is associated with children and may have a negative connotation. In practice, though, most health care workers are accustomed to calling them diapers.

One of the most common brands of adult diapers and similar products is [[Depend]]s.

==Uses==
===Health care===
{{Quote_box|width=35%|align=right|quote="''Although donning a diaper to decrease the number of bathroom stops is not something you or I would think to do, otherwise healthy adults do wear diapers more often than we realize for good reasons.''"|source=—Merlene Davis of the ''[[Lexington Herald-Leader]]'' referring to the Lisa Nowak incident and adult diaper usage in general.<ref name=merlenedavis/><ref name=redorbit/>}}
People with medical conditions which cause them to suffer from [[urinary incontinence|urinary]] or [[fecal incontinence]] often require diapers or similar products because they are unable to control their bladders or bowels. People who are bedridden or in a wheelchair, including those with good [[bowel]] and [[bladder]] control, may also wear diapers because they are unable to access the toilet independently. And those with cognitive impairment, such as [[dementia]], may require diapers because they may not recognize their need to reach a toilet.

===Fetishism===
{{main|Diaper fetishism}}
[[Sexual fetishism|Fetishists]] can wear diapers for sexual gratification. People with [[diaper fetishism]] have a desire to wear diapers even though it is not a physiological necessity, and may enjoy using their diaper to various degrees, depending on the person. [[Paraphilic infantilism|Infantilists]] wear and use diapers in [[ageplay]], although they are considered distinct from fetishists, as "diaper lovers" are sexually motivated to wear diapers, whereas "adult babies" wish to regress to the helpless state of a baby. Other sexual uses of diapers include [[Omorashi#diapers|omorashi]], [[Latex and PVC fetishism|rubber or plastic fetishism]]<ref>[http://understanding.infantilism.org/what.php What is Infantilism?]</ref> In [[BDSM]] roleplaying games, diapers can be used as a power exchange to emphasise loss of adulthood or control over bodily functions. Alternatively, they can also be liberating, as an infantilist is granted the freedom they desire to be a baby.<ref name=ABDLBDSM>[http://understanding.infantilism.org/abdl_for_bdsmers.php AB/DL for BDSM Enthusiasts]</ref>

===Astronauts===
[[Astronauts]] wear trunklike diapers called "[[Maximum Absorbency Garment]]s", or MAGs, during liftoff and landing.<ref>[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/support/training/ascan/2004/journal12.html Behind the Scenes: Training<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> On space shuttle missions, each crew member receives three diapers — for launch, reentry and a spare in case reentry has to be waved off and tried later.<ref>Rivenburg, Roy. (2007). [http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-spacediaper9feb10,0,2527297.story "NASA diapers become topic No. 1"]. ''The Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved June 15, 2007.</ref> The super-absorbent fabric used in disposable diapers, which can hold up to 400 times its weight, was developed so [[Apollo program|Apollo]] astronauts could stay on [[spacewalks]] and [[extra-vehicular activity]] for at least six hours.<ref name=merlenedavis>{{cite news||first=Merlene|last=Davis|publisher=[[Lexington Herald-Leader]]|date=[[February 11]], [[2007]]|title=I Did My Research on Adult Diapers|page=C1}}</ref><ref name=redorbit>{{cite news|author=Merlene Davis|url=http://www.redorbit.com/news/business/836322/the_lexington_heraldleader_ky_merlene_davis_column_i_did_my/index.html
|title=The Lexington Herald-Leader, Ky., Merlene Davis Column: I Did My Research on Adult Diapers|publisher=RedOrbit|date=[[2007-02-11]]|accessdate=2007-12-16}}</ref> Originally, only female astronauts would wear Maximum Absorbency Garments, as the collection devices used by men were unsuitable for women; however, reports of their comfort and effectiveness eventually convinced men to start wearing the diapers as well.<ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/id/68425 Information on astronaut diapers]</ref> Public awareness of astronaut diapers rose significantly following the arrest of [[Lisa Nowak]], a [[NASA]] astronaut charged with attempted murder, who gained notoriety in the media when the police reported she had driven 900 miles, with an adult diaper so she would not have to stop to urinate.<ref name=LisaNowak>[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,250415,00.html Lisa Nowak charged with attempted murder]</ref> The diapers became fodder for many television comedians, as well as being included in an adaptation of the story in ''[[Law & Order: Criminal Intent]]'', despite Nowak's denial that she wore them.<ref name=LisaNowakDidn'tWearDiapers>[http://www.cnn.com/2007/LAW/06/29/astronaut.arrest.ap/index.html Lisa Nowak denies wearing diapers]</ref>

===Other===
Other situations in which diapers are worn because access to a toilet is unavailable or not allowed include guards who must stay on duty and are not permitted to leave their post; this is sometimes called the "watchman's urinal".<ref name=merlenedavis/><ref name=redorbit/> It has long been suggested that legislators don a diaper before an extended [[filibuster]], so often that it has been jokingly called "taking to the diaper." There has certainly been at least one such instance, in which [[Strom Thurmond]] gave a record-holding 24 hours and 18 minute speech.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Wayne_Morse_Sets_Filibuster_Record.htm|title=Wayne Morse Sets Filibuster Record}}</ref><ref name=merlenedavis/><ref name=redorbit/> Some [[death row]] inmates who are about to be [[execution|executed]] wear "execution diapers" to collect body fluids expelled during and after their death.<ref name=merlenedavis/><ref name=redorbit/><ref name=ElectricChair>[http://www.richard.clark32.btinternet.co.uk/chair.html Information on execution diapers]</ref> People diving in [[diving suit]]s (in former times often [[standard diving dress]]es) may wear diapers because they are underwater continuously for several hours.<ref name=merlenedavis/><ref name=redorbit/> Similarly, pilots may also wear them on long flights.<ref name=merlenedavis/><ref name=redorbit/> Some competitive weightlifters choose to wear diapers early in their training because the pressure makes them urinate involuntarily.<ref name=merlenedavis/><ref name=redorbit/> In 2003, ''[[Hazards]]'' magazine reported that workers from various industries were taking to wearing diapers because their bosses denied them toilet breaks during working hours,<ref>{{cite news|title=Hazards 81 extended briefing: Toilet breaks|publisher=Hazards|url=http://www.hazards.org/toiletbreaks/|accessdate=2007-12-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Hazards: Loo Break A Right Not A Privilege|date=2003-02-25|publisher=UnionSafe|url=http://unionsafe.labor.net.au/news/104614443126575.html|accessdate=2007-12-18}}</ref> while ''[[The Epoch Times]]'' claimed in 2006 that diapers are a popular way to avoid long bathroom lines during China's traveling season.<ref>The Epoch Times. (2006). [http://en.epochtimes.com/news/6-1-15/37041.html "Adult Diapers are Top Seller During Spring Festival Travel Season"]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved June 15, 2007.</ref>

{{Quote_box|width=35%|align=left|quote="''Diapers are something that people don't want to look at, but if you make them attractive, then people can learn about them more easily.''"|source=—Kiyoko Hamada of the Aging Lifestyle Research Center, a leading organizer of the 2008 Tokyo diaper fashion show.[http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hHTO4V779DzG6qI07AuTiMys5tRAD93DQTJ80]}}
The adult diaper market in Japan is growing.<ref>[http://www.reuters.com/article/ousiv/idUST2251820070215 P&G seeks buyer for Japan adult diaper brand | Reuters<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Even fully continent Japanese do not frown on wetting themselves in public, using a diaper, when toilets are inconvenient: a group of diaper-wearing Japanese tourists made the front page of the ''[[New York Post]]'' on New Year's Day 2008 when they agreed to pose for a publicity shot endorsing diapers as a solution to inadequate [[Washroom|restroom]] facilities at the [[ball drop]] in [[Times Square]].<ref>[http://www.nypost.com/seven/01012008/news/regionalnews/lets_potty_like_its_2008_10292.htm?page=0 LET'S POTTY LIKE IT'S 2008 - New York Post]</ref> On September 25th, 2008, Japanese manufacturers of adult diapers conducted the world's first all-diaper fashion show, dramatizing throughout it many informative dramatic scenarios which addressed various issues relevant to older people in diapers. "It was great to see so many different types of diapers all in one showing," gushed Aya Habuka, 26. "I learned a lot. This is the first time that diapers are being considered as fashion."[http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hHTO4V779DzG6qI07AuTiMys5tRAD93DQTJ80][http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,427822,00.html]

There are those who believe diapers are a preferable alternative to using the bathroom. According to Dr Dipak Chatterjee of [[Mumbai]] newspaper ''[[DNA (newspaper)|Daily News and Analysis]]'', public toilet facilities are so unhygienic that it is actually safer for people—especially women—who are vulnerable to infections to wear adult diapers instead.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dr. Dipak|last=Chatterjee|title=Docs advise diapers over public loos|date=2007-02-11|publisher=[[DNA (newspaper)|DNA]]|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?NewsID=1079314|accessdate=2007-12-18}}</ref> Seann Odoms of [[Men's Health (magazine)|Men's Health]] magazine believes that wearing diapers can help people of all ages to maintain healthy bowel function. He himself claims to wear diapers full-time for this purported health benefit. "Diapers," he states, "are nothing other than a more practical and healthy form of underwear. They are the safe and healthy way of living."<ref name=SeannOdoms>[http://menshealth.about.com/cs/fromyou/a/wear_nappies.htm Nappies seriously manage your health - Seann Odoms]</ref> Author [[Paul Davidson]] argues that it should be socially acceptable for everyone to wear diapers permanently, claiming that they provide freedom and remove the unnecessary hassle of going to the bathroom, just as social advancement has offered solutions to other complications. He writes, "Make the elderly finally feel embraced instead of ridiculed and remove the teasing from the adolescent equation that affects so many children in a negative way. Give every person in this world the opportunity to live, learn, grow and urinate anywhere and anytime without societal pressure to "hold themselves in.""<ref>[http://www.pauldavidson.net/2006/10/22/adult-diapers-for-the-rest-of-us/ Adult Diapers for the rest of us]</ref>

==Diginity issues==
The usage of adult diapers can be a source of embarrassment,<ref name=WYGGYGG>{{cite web|last=Stack|first=Jennie Borodko|title=When You've Gotta Go, You've Gotta Go|publisher=[[Muscular Dystrophy Association]]|date=2001-02|url=http://www.mda.org/publications/Quest/q81gottago.html|accessdate=2008-01-03}}</ref> and products are often marketed under euphemisms such as incontinence pads.

In 2006, seventeen students taking a geriatrics [[pharmacotherapy]] course participated in a voluntary "diaper experience" exercise to help them understand the impact incontinence has on older adults. The students, who wore adult diapers for a day before writing a paper about it, described the experience as unfamiliar and physically challenging, noting that being in diapers had a largely negative impact on them and that better solutions to incontinence are required. However, they praised the exercise for giving them insight into incontinence and the effect it has on peoples' lives.<ref name=DiaperExperience>{{cite web|url=http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p115730_index.html|title=Active Learning in a Geriatrics Pharmacotherapy Course: Outcomes Associated with a Diaper Experience Exercise|author=Boyce, Eric. and Dolder, Christian|date=2006-10-05|publisher=American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, Sheraton San Diego Hotel & Marina, San Diego, California|accessdate=2007-12-18}}</ref> Similarly, in 2008, [[Ontario]]'s [[Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (Ontario)|Minister of Health]] [[George Smitherman]] revealed that he was considering wearing adult diapers himself to test their absorbency following complaints that nursing home residents were forced to remain in unchanged diapers for days at a time. Smitherman's proposal earned him criticism from unions who argued that the priority was not the capacity of the diapers but rather staff shortages affecting how often they were changed, and he later apologized.<ref name=NationalPostSmitherman>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalpost.com/news/story.html?id=339129|title=Smitherman considers wearing diaper|author=Jordana Huber|date=2008-02-28|publisher=[[National Post]]|accessdate=2008-05-20}}</ref><ref name=CTVSmitherman>{{cite web|url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20080227/smitherman_diaper_080227?s_name=&no_ads=|title=Ont. health minister prepared to don adult diaper|author=The Canadian Press|date=2008-02-27|publisher=[[CTV Television Network]]|accessdate=2008-05-20}}</ref><ref name=NationalPostJTE>{{cite web|url=http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/fullcomment/archive/2008/02/27/john-turley-ewart-on-george-smitherman-and-his-dirty-diaper.aspx|title=John Turley-Ewart: On George Smitherman and his dirty diaper|author=John Turley-Ewart|date=2008-02-27|publisher=[[National Post]]|accessdate=2008-05-20}}</ref><ref name=StarSmitherman>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/News/Ontario/article/307727|title=I'm sorry, Smitherman says|author=Rob Ferguson|date=2008-02-28|publisher=The Star.com|accessdate=2008-05-20}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Incontinence pad]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


{{Health care}}
[[Category:Diapers]]
[[Category:Incontinence]]

Revision as of 14:06, 10 October 2008

File:Windelfetischist.jpg
Adult male wearing a diaper.

An adult diaper is a diaper made to be worn by a person with an adult-sized body. Diapers become necessary for adults who suffer from various conditions, such as incontinence, mobility impairment, or dementia. Adult diapers are made in various forms, including those resembling traditional child diapers, underpants, and pads resembling sanitary napkins (known as incontinence pads).

In the medical community, professionals are trained to use terms such as "briefs" rather than diapers for the sake of dignity, as the term "diapers" is associated with children and may have a negative connotation. In practice, though, most health care workers are accustomed to calling them diapers.

One of the most common brands of adult diapers and similar products is Depends.

Uses

Health care

"Although donning a diaper to decrease the number of bathroom stops is not something you or I would think to do, otherwise healthy adults do wear diapers more often than we realize for good reasons."

—Merlene Davis of the Lexington Herald-Leader referring to the Lisa Nowak incident and adult diaper usage in general.[1][2]

People with medical conditions which cause them to suffer from urinary or fecal incontinence often require diapers or similar products because they are unable to control their bladders or bowels. People who are bedridden or in a wheelchair, including those with good bowel and bladder control, may also wear diapers because they are unable to access the toilet independently. And those with cognitive impairment, such as dementia, may require diapers because they may not recognize their need to reach a toilet.

Fetishism

Fetishists can wear diapers for sexual gratification. People with diaper fetishism have a desire to wear diapers even though it is not a physiological necessity, and may enjoy using their diaper to various degrees, depending on the person. Infantilists wear and use diapers in ageplay, although they are considered distinct from fetishists, as "diaper lovers" are sexually motivated to wear diapers, whereas "adult babies" wish to regress to the helpless state of a baby. Other sexual uses of diapers include omorashi, rubber or plastic fetishism[3] In BDSM roleplaying games, diapers can be used as a power exchange to emphasise loss of adulthood or control over bodily functions. Alternatively, they can also be liberating, as an infantilist is granted the freedom they desire to be a baby.[4]

Astronauts

Astronauts wear trunklike diapers called "Maximum Absorbency Garments", or MAGs, during liftoff and landing.[5] On space shuttle missions, each crew member receives three diapers — for launch, reentry and a spare in case reentry has to be waved off and tried later.[6] The super-absorbent fabric used in disposable diapers, which can hold up to 400 times its weight, was developed so Apollo astronauts could stay on spacewalks and extra-vehicular activity for at least six hours.[1][2] Originally, only female astronauts would wear Maximum Absorbency Garments, as the collection devices used by men were unsuitable for women; however, reports of their comfort and effectiveness eventually convinced men to start wearing the diapers as well.[7] Public awareness of astronaut diapers rose significantly following the arrest of Lisa Nowak, a NASA astronaut charged with attempted murder, who gained notoriety in the media when the police reported she had driven 900 miles, with an adult diaper so she would not have to stop to urinate.[8] The diapers became fodder for many television comedians, as well as being included in an adaptation of the story in Law & Order: Criminal Intent, despite Nowak's denial that she wore them.[9]

Other

Other situations in which diapers are worn because access to a toilet is unavailable or not allowed include guards who must stay on duty and are not permitted to leave their post; this is sometimes called the "watchman's urinal".[1][2] It has long been suggested that legislators don a diaper before an extended filibuster, so often that it has been jokingly called "taking to the diaper." There has certainly been at least one such instance, in which Strom Thurmond gave a record-holding 24 hours and 18 minute speech.[10][1][2] Some death row inmates who are about to be executed wear "execution diapers" to collect body fluids expelled during and after their death.[1][2][11] People diving in diving suits (in former times often standard diving dresses) may wear diapers because they are underwater continuously for several hours.[1][2] Similarly, pilots may also wear them on long flights.[1][2] Some competitive weightlifters choose to wear diapers early in their training because the pressure makes them urinate involuntarily.[1][2] In 2003, Hazards magazine reported that workers from various industries were taking to wearing diapers because their bosses denied them toilet breaks during working hours,[12][13] while The Epoch Times claimed in 2006 that diapers are a popular way to avoid long bathroom lines during China's traveling season.[14]

"Diapers are something that people don't want to look at, but if you make them attractive, then people can learn about them more easily."

—Kiyoko Hamada of the Aging Lifestyle Research Center, a leading organizer of the 2008 Tokyo diaper fashion show.[1]

The adult diaper market in Japan is growing.[15] Even fully continent Japanese do not frown on wetting themselves in public, using a diaper, when toilets are inconvenient: a group of diaper-wearing Japanese tourists made the front page of the New York Post on New Year's Day 2008 when they agreed to pose for a publicity shot endorsing diapers as a solution to inadequate restroom facilities at the ball drop in Times Square.[16] On September 25th, 2008, Japanese manufacturers of adult diapers conducted the world's first all-diaper fashion show, dramatizing throughout it many informative dramatic scenarios which addressed various issues relevant to older people in diapers. "It was great to see so many different types of diapers all in one showing," gushed Aya Habuka, 26. "I learned a lot. This is the first time that diapers are being considered as fashion."[2][3]

There are those who believe diapers are a preferable alternative to using the bathroom. According to Dr Dipak Chatterjee of Mumbai newspaper Daily News and Analysis, public toilet facilities are so unhygienic that it is actually safer for people—especially women—who are vulnerable to infections to wear adult diapers instead.[17] Seann Odoms of Men's Health magazine believes that wearing diapers can help people of all ages to maintain healthy bowel function. He himself claims to wear diapers full-time for this purported health benefit. "Diapers," he states, "are nothing other than a more practical and healthy form of underwear. They are the safe and healthy way of living."[18] Author Paul Davidson argues that it should be socially acceptable for everyone to wear diapers permanently, claiming that they provide freedom and remove the unnecessary hassle of going to the bathroom, just as social advancement has offered solutions to other complications. He writes, "Make the elderly finally feel embraced instead of ridiculed and remove the teasing from the adolescent equation that affects so many children in a negative way. Give every person in this world the opportunity to live, learn, grow and urinate anywhere and anytime without societal pressure to "hold themselves in.""[19]

Diginity issues

The usage of adult diapers can be a source of embarrassment,[20] and products are often marketed under euphemisms such as incontinence pads.

In 2006, seventeen students taking a geriatrics pharmacotherapy course participated in a voluntary "diaper experience" exercise to help them understand the impact incontinence has on older adults. The students, who wore adult diapers for a day before writing a paper about it, described the experience as unfamiliar and physically challenging, noting that being in diapers had a largely negative impact on them and that better solutions to incontinence are required. However, they praised the exercise for giving them insight into incontinence and the effect it has on peoples' lives.[21] Similarly, in 2008, Ontario's Minister of Health George Smitherman revealed that he was considering wearing adult diapers himself to test their absorbency following complaints that nursing home residents were forced to remain in unchanged diapers for days at a time. Smitherman's proposal earned him criticism from unions who argued that the priority was not the capacity of the diapers but rather staff shortages affecting how often they were changed, and he later apologized.[22][23][24][25]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Davis, Merlene (February 11, 2007). "I Did My Research on Adult Diapers". Lexington Herald-Leader. p. C1. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Merlene Davis (2007-02-11). "The Lexington Herald-Leader, Ky., Merlene Davis Column: I Did My Research on Adult Diapers". RedOrbit. Retrieved 2007-12-16. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ What is Infantilism?
  4. ^ AB/DL for BDSM Enthusiasts
  5. ^ Behind the Scenes: Training
  6. ^ Rivenburg, Roy. (2007). "NASA diapers become topic No. 1". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 15, 2007.
  7. ^ Information on astronaut diapers
  8. ^ Lisa Nowak charged with attempted murder
  9. ^ Lisa Nowak denies wearing diapers
  10. ^ "Wayne Morse Sets Filibuster Record".
  11. ^ Information on execution diapers
  12. ^ "Hazards 81 extended briefing: Toilet breaks". Hazards. Retrieved 2007-12-18.
  13. ^ "Hazards: Loo Break A Right Not A Privilege". UnionSafe. 2003-02-25. Retrieved 2007-12-18.
  14. ^ The Epoch Times. (2006). "Adult Diapers are Top Seller During Spring Festival Travel Season". The Epoch Times. Retrieved June 15, 2007.
  15. ^ P&G seeks buyer for Japan adult diaper brand | Reuters
  16. ^ LET'S POTTY LIKE IT'S 2008 - New York Post
  17. ^ Chatterjee, Dr. Dipak (2007-02-11). "Docs advise diapers over public loos". DNA. Retrieved 2007-12-18.
  18. ^ Nappies seriously manage your health - Seann Odoms
  19. ^ Adult Diapers for the rest of us
  20. ^ Stack, Jennie Borodko (2001-02). "When You've Gotta Go, You've Gotta Go". Muscular Dystrophy Association. Retrieved 2008-01-03. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ Boyce, Eric. and Dolder, Christian (2006-10-05). "Active Learning in a Geriatrics Pharmacotherapy Course: Outcomes Associated with a Diaper Experience Exercise". American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, Sheraton San Diego Hotel & Marina, San Diego, California. Retrieved 2007-12-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  22. ^ Jordana Huber (2008-02-28). "Smitherman considers wearing diaper". National Post. Retrieved 2008-05-20.
  23. ^ The Canadian Press (2008-02-27). "Ont. health minister prepared to don adult diaper". CTV Television Network. Retrieved 2008-05-20.
  24. ^ John Turley-Ewart (2008-02-27). "John Turley-Ewart: On George Smitherman and his dirty diaper". National Post. Retrieved 2008-05-20.
  25. ^ Rob Ferguson (2008-02-28). "I'm sorry, Smitherman says". The Star.com. Retrieved 2008-05-20.