List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1975–1979) and Jochen Hippel: Difference between pages

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'''Jochen Hippel''' (born [[October 14]], [[1971]]) is a [[musician]] from [[Kirchheimbolanden]] in southwest [[Germany]]. He played one of the most prominent roles in [[computer music]] during the [[16-bit]] [[microcomputer]] era, composing the music for tens of games. He was also an experienced [[Amiga]] programmer and ported many of [[Thalion Software]]'s [[Atari ST]] titles. He no longer composes music for a living and in 2006 he was working in Logistics for Matheis+Koebig Baustoffe[http://www.stniccc.com/html/scenemembers/60.htm]
{{Lists of aviation accidents and incidents}}
{{TOCleft}}
This is a '''list of''' notable '''accidents and incidents involving military aircraft''' grouped by the year in which the accident or incident occurred. For more exhaustive lists, see the [http://www.baaa-acro.com/ Aircraft Crash Record Office] or the [http://aviation-safety.net/ Air Safety Network] or the [http://www.scramble.nl/sb.htm Dutch Scramble Website Brush and Dustpan Database].


Jochen's first computer music was a set of [[Christmas]] songs that he arranged in a [[Rock and roll|rock]] style on his [[school]]'s [[Commodore 64]].
:See also: [[List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft, pre-1950]]
:See also: [[List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft, 1950-1974]]
:See also: [[List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft, 2000 -]]


As a member of [[The Exceptions]], using the handle [[Mad Max]], he wrote most of the music for their [[demos]] including the B.I.G. Demo (Best In Galaxy). The demo was essentially a large collection of [[C64]] tunes that [[The Exceptions]] ported across to the [[Atari ST]]'s inferior [[Yamaha YM2149]] [[sound chip]] using his own driver to get the most out of it. Jochen then had to fix all the music in order to get it to sound correct on the ST, the YM2149 has no resonance filter, no [[ADSR]] enveloping, no ring modulation. Composers such as [[Rob Hubbard]] used a lot of special effects in his music which were difficult to replicate on the ST sound chip.
{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}


Another note of interest is that the B.I.G. demo contained an additional demo screen entitled "The Digital Department" containing 6 digital versions of C64 music. The sound routine however used each channel of the YM2149 as a 4-bit [[Digital-to-analog converter|DAC]] and played samples for each instrument. This is the first time [[ADSR]] samples are heard on the [[Atari ST]], unfortunately only one more piece of music is ever written using this routine, albeit the 16 minute long Knuckle Busters tune by [[Rob Hubbard]]. This appears as a guest screen in the Cuddly Demos (written by [[The Carebears]]) and was used to torment [[Richard Karsmakers]] of [[ST News]] who was promptly chained to a chair as the disk was formatted before his very eyes!
==1975==
*24 March - A [[Royal Air Force]] [[Handley Page Victor|Handley Page Victor K1A]], ''XH618'', of [[No. 57 Squadron RAF|57 Squadron]] collided with a RAF [[Hawker Siddeley Buccaneer]] ''XV156'' during a simulated refuelling. Buccaneer hit the Victor's tailplane causing the aircraft to crash into the sea 95 miles E of [[Sunderland]], [[County Durham]].<ref name="rafxa100">{{cite book | last = Hailey | first = James | title = Royal Air Force Aircraft XA100 to XZ999 | publisher = Air-Britain | year = 2001 | isbn = 0-85130-311-0}}</ref>
*4 April – A [[United States Air Force|USAF]] [[C-5A Galaxy]], ''68-0218'', c/n 500-0021, taking part in [[Operation Babylift]], a mass evacuation of children from [[South Vietnam]] during the [[Fall of Saigon]], experiences an [[explosive decompression]] about 40 mi (64 km) outside [[Ho Chi Minh City|Saigon]] when the rear ramp and pressure door blow out, damaging the plane's [[flight controls]]. The plane, carrying over 300 crew, troops, children, and adult escorts, crashes into a [[Paddy field|rice paddy]] after the pilot loses control while trying to return to [[Tan Son Nhut Air Base]]; 138 die, including 127 [[orphan]]s.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19750404-0 ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed C-5A Galaxy 68-0218 Saigon-Tan Son Nhat International Airport (SGN)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*14 October – An [[RAF]] [[Avro Vulcan]] B2, ''XM645'', of [[No. IX Squadron RAF|9 Sqn RAF Waddington]] breaks up over [[Zabbar]], [[Malta]], after a hard landing shears off the port-side undercarriage, piercing a wing fuel tank and starting a fire. The pilot and co-pilot initiate a second landing attempt but eject when they realize that the plane cannot make it back to the runway. The subsequent explosion kills 5 crew members who remained aboard, and an electrical cable severed by falling debris kills a bystander on the ground.
*December - [[Ling-Temco-Vought]] [[A-7D Corsair II]], ''67-14586'', c/n D.005, while assigned to [[Eglin AFB]], Florida's 3246th Test Wing, [[Air Development & Test Center]] for mission support, suffered engine failure on take-off from [[Tallahassee Regional Airport|Tallahassee Municipal Airport]], Florida and made forced landing, coming down largely intact. Airframe was hauled back to [[Eglin AFB]] on a truck, where it was either scrapped or became a target hulk.


==1976==
*30 January - A [[Convair]] [[PQM-102 Delta Dagger]], belonging to the [[Fairchild Corporation]] according to a press report, crashed on landing at [[Bob Sikes Airport]], [[Crestview, Florida]] when the landing gear collapsed. Airframe destroyed by fire. [[Sperry Corporation|Sperry Flight Systems]] pilot, Earl C. Pearce, was unhurt.<ref>
Fort Walton Beach, Florida: Playground Daily News, Monday, February 2, 1976, page 2A.</ref>
*25 October - [[Lockheed SR-71]]A, ''61-7965'', Item 2016, lost near [[Lovelock, Nevada]] during night training sortie following [[INS]] platform failure. Pilot St. Martin and RSO Carnochan eject safely.<ref name="Crickmore">Crickmore, Paul F. "''Lockheed's Blackbirds: A-12, YF-12 and SR-71''", Wings of Fame, Volume 8, AIRtime Publishing Inc., Westport, Connecticut, 1997, ISBN 1-880588-23-4, page 92.</ref>
*21 December - [[Imperial Iranian Air Force]] [[C-130H]] c.n. 4463, delivered as ''5-148'', September 1972, renumbered ''5-142'', November 1973, renumbered ''5-8536'', 1976, crashed during approach in bad weather to [[Shiraz]], [[Iran]].


==1977==
*3 March - [[Aeronautica Militare Italiana]], [[Italian Air Force]] [[C-130H]] ''MM61996'', '46-10', c.n. 4492, of the 46 Aerobrigata, crashed into [[Monte Serra]], 15 kilometers E of [[Pisa]], Italy.
*21 June - [[USN]] E[[C-130]]Q [[TACAMO]] III BuNo ''156176'', c.n. 4280, of [[VQ-3]], crashed in the Pacific Ocean after night take-off from [[Wake Island]].
*4 October - First production prototype [[FMA IA 58 Pucará]], ''AX-03'', of the Fuerza Aérea Argentina, crashes during preparations for the 50th Anniversary of the ''Fabrica Militar de Aviones'' at Córdoba, due to pilot error.<ref>"''Airscene''", AIR International, Bromley, Kent, U.K., December 1977, Volume 13, Number 6, page 264.</ref>


He worked as a [[freelance]] musician, doing music for many 16-bit games. He eventually joined [[Thalion Software]] and wrote music for them. His musical track for the game [[Amberstar]] is considered among his best works, and the game and Hippel's music acquired a cult following. For in game music on the Amiga Jochen often stuck to chiptune-like sound - that became his trademark - instead of using more "realistic" instrument sounds that machine's support for digitized sound made possible. This was usually down to the lack of memory available. Title music for games where a different matter using real instruments and often contained sampled speech examples of which are [[Wings of Death]] and [[Lethal Xcess]].
==1978==
*27 March - A [[USN]] [[F-14]] Tomcat crashes and catapults across scrub grass to come to rest against a concrete highway divider on I-163 on approach to [[NAS Miramar]], [[San Diego, California]], exploding in flames. Both crew members eject seconds before impact; one fatality, no civilian deaths.
*4 May - First prototype [[Have Blue]] stealth test bed, c/n 1001, on its 37th flight, hit the runway a little too hard at [[Groom Lake, Nevada]] and had to lift off for a another pass rather than go into a skid, but had bent the right main gear strut. The landing gear had been retracted after the "touch and go", and now the right main gear leg wouldn't extend. Despite many attempts, there was no way to get the gear down. Critically low on fuel, [[Lockheed]] test pilot Bill Park decided to eject and let the aircraft crash into the desert. Park suffered a serious back injury and concussion, ending his career as a test pilot. The airframe was bulldozed under the desert. News of the crash leaked to the press, and some vague comments were made about the possible existence of "stealth" aircraft.
*19 October - A [[USAF]] [[B-52]]D-75-BO, ''56-0594'', of the 22nd Bomb Wing, crashes at 0730 hrs. in light fog in a plowed field ~2.5 miles SE of [[March AFB]], near the rural community of [[Sunnymead, California]], shortly after take-off. Five crew killed, but one is able to escape the burning wreckage and was reported in stable condition at the base hospital. Traffic was disrupted on nearby Interstate 15E. <ref>Columbia, South Carolina: The State, Jackson, Carol, Associated Press writer, ''B-52 Crashes Killing Five Of Six Crewmen'', Friday, October 20, 1978, page 3-A.</ref>
*26 October - A [[USAF]] [[A-7D]] on flight from [[Tinker AFB]], Oklahoma, crashes on approach to [[Davis-Monthan AFB]], [[Arizona]], coming down in street between [[University of Arizona]] buildings and Mansfield Junior High School in [[Tucson]], killing driver of auto struck by the fighter, and injuring at least six other civilians. Pilot Capt. Frederick Ashler, 28, ejected safely while passing over the university campus.<ref>
Columbia, South Carolina: The State, Friday, October 27, 1978, page 9A.</ref>
*7 November - [[USN]] [[A-4 Skyhawk|A-4F]] Blue Angel, BuNo ''155056'', during pre-show exhibition at [[NAS Miramar]], [[San Diego, California]], pilot, Lt. Mike Curtain (sp?-Curtin?), dead on impact, no ejection.


He has released an album called [http://www.synsoniq.de/productdetails.php?pid=26 ''Give it a Try''] and has composed music for other albums including tracks on Immortal 2 and Immortal 3[http://www.amiga-immortal.com/].
==1979==
*23 January - [[Aeronautica Militare Italiana]], [[Italian Air Force]] [[C-130]]H ''MM62000'', '46-14', c/n 4497, of the 46 Aerobrigata, jumped chocks during engine run-up, hit tree, written-off. Parts used to support c/n 4491, ''MM61995'' damaged in hard landing, [[Pisa]], January 1999. Hull at [[Milan - Malpensa Airport|Milan-Malpensa]], Italy, December 1979, 1989.
*1 February - [[Pakistani Air Force]] [[C-130]]B ''23488'', c/n 3698, former USAF ''62-3488'', coded 'P', registered ''AQ-ACP'', then ''AS-HFP'', jumped chocks during night engine test run, collided with [[C-130]]E ''10687'', c/n 4117, former USAF ''65-10687'', coded 'D'. Both written off, hulls at [[Lahore]], June 1981.
*11 July - Second [[Lockheed]] [[Have Blue]] stealth testbed, c/n 1002, was lost at [[Groom Lake, Nevada]] on its 52nd flight when a hydraulic leak set the aircraft on fire. The pilot, Lieutenant Colonel Ken Dyson, ejected safely, but the prototype was destroyed when it impacted 35 miles NW of Groom Lake. Like its predecessor, it was buried under the desert.


A little known fact is that Hippel was also a good programmer, he created all of his own music tools and also ported most of Thalion's early Atari ST titles to the [[Commodore Amiga]]. Hippel also created the Amiga 7 voice replay routine which was used in several Thalion and Eclipse titles and later used by [[Chris Hülsbeck]] in his TFMX replay routine for the title music of [[Turrican 2]] and [[Turrican 3]] for which he wrote the in game loading music.
==1980==
*24 April - '''[[Operation Eagle Claw]]''' - A contingent of [[United States of America|American]] military aircraft embarks on a [[commando]] raid to rescue a group of [[Iran hostage crisis|American hostages held by Iran]]. An unexpected [[dust storm|sandstorm]] forces 2 [[United States Marine Corps|USMC]] [[CH-53 Sea Stallion|RH-53D Sea Stallion]] helicopters to divert before reaching the first rendezvous point and causes serious mechanical damage to a third, prompting commanders to abort the mission. While attempting to evacuate personnel and equipment that had already arrived at the rendezvous point, the pilot of another Sea Stallion loses situational awareness in dustcloud during takeoff and collides with a [[United States Air Force|USAF]] [[C-130 Hercules]], killing 8 US servicemen aboard both aircraft.
*29 October - A [[United States Air Force|USAF]] [[C-130 Hercules]] outfitted with experimental [[JATO]] [[rocket]]s for '''[[Operation Credible Sport]]''', a planned second attempt to rescue [[Iran hostage crisis|American hostages held by Iran]], is destroyed when the rockets misfire during a test landing at [[Duke Field]], [[Eglin Air Force Base]], Florida, [[United States of America|USA]]. All crew members survive, but the rescue operation is deemed excessively risky and is cancelled.


==Video Game Music==
==1981==
* 1987 - [[The Great Giana Sisters]] ([[Atari ST]])
*12 January - Leftist terrorists, the [[Puerto Rican Popular Army]], also known as the "[[Machete]] Wielders", seeking [[Puerto Rican]] independence, use homemade bombs to destroy eight Air National Guard [[Ling-Temco-Vought]] [[A-7D Corsair II]]s and a retired [[Lockheed]] [[F-104 Starfighter]] at [[Puerto Rico Air National Guard]] [[Muñiz Air Base]], located on the northeastern corner of the [[Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport]] in [[San Juan]], [[Puerto Rico]]. Three bombs in two planes were removed before they exploded. Security at the base was so slack that the bombers were able to ingress and egress without detection.<ref>
* 1988 - 5th Gear
Greenville, South Carolina: Greenville News, Tuesday, January 13, 1981, page 3A.</ref>
* 1988 - Bad Cat ([[Atari ST]])
*6 May - A mechanical failure caused an abrupt nose pitch-down of [[USAF]] E[[C-135]]N [[Advanced Range Instrumentation Aircraft|ARIA]], ''61-0328'', c/n 18235, to crash in a farmer's field, in [[Walkersville, Maryland]]. All 21 aboard were killed. Some of those aboard were family members. A memorial has been built at Walkersville Heritage Farm Park. Aircraft was originally delivered as a [[C-135 Stratolifter|C-135A-BN Stratolifter]].
* 1988 - Circus Attractions ([[Atari ST]])
*26 May - [[EA-6 Prowler|EA-6B Prowler]] crash landed on flight deck of {{USS|Nimitz|CVN-68|6}}, off the Florida coast<ref> Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Tuesday, November 24, 1981, page A-10</ref>, killing 14 crewmen and injuring 45 others (some reports say 48). The crash was the result of the aircraft missing the last arresting cable, while ignoring a wave-off command. Forensic testing conducted found that several members of the deceased flightdeck crew tested positive for marijuana (the officers onboard the aircraft were never tested). The responsibility for the accident was placed on the deck crew. The official naval inquiry stated that the accident was the result of drug abuse by the enlisted crewmen of the ''Nimitz'', despite the fact that every death occurred during the impact of the crash and not one member of the deck crew was killed fighting the fire. As a result of this incident, President Ronald Reagan instituted a "Zero Tolerance" policy across all of the armed services - which started the mandatory drug testing of all US service personnel<ref>Ackerman, D. L. (1991). A history of drug testing. In R. H. Coombs & L. J. West (Eds.), Drug testing: Issues and options (pp. 3-21). Oxford: Oxford University Press, </ref>.
* 1988 - Dugger ([[Atari ST]])
*29 October - A [[U.S. Navy]] [[EA-6B Prowler]] from [[NAS Whidbey Island]], Washington, crashes at 0850 hrs. in a rural field near [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]], killing three crew. Wreckage sprayed onto nearby houses, a barn and a stable with 35 horses, but no fires were sparked and there were no ground injuries. The Prowler had departed [[NAS Norfolk]] with three other aircraft at 0832 hrs., bound for the [[USS John F. Kennedy]], off the Virginia coast before crashing three miles from [[NAS Oceana]]. Navy officials said they did not know if the pilot was trying for Oceana.<ref> Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, "''Three Die in Navy Crash''" Friday, October 30, 1981, page A-3</ref><ref name=autogenerated9>
* 1988 - In Eighty Days around the world ([[Atari ST]])
Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, ''Bomber With Eight Aboard Crashes in Colorado'', Saturday, October 31, 1981, page A-6. </ref>
* 1988 - Jinks ([[Atari ST]])
*30 October - A [[USAF]] [[B-52]]D-55-BO, ''55-078'', of the 22nd Bomb Wing, [[March AFB]], California, crashes on the eastern Colorado prairie near [[La Junta]] at 0630 hrs. while on a low-level (400 foot altitude) training mission, killing all eight crew. No weapons were onboard.<ref name=autogenerated9 />
* 1988 - [[The Last Ninja]] ([[Atari ST]])
*17 November - [[US Navy]] [[Lockheed]] [[S-3 Viking]] from the {{USS|Nimitz|CVN-68|6}}, is lost near [[Sardinia]] with all four aviators killed.<ref> Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Tuesday, November 24, 1981, page A-10</ref>
* 1988 - Pablo and the Gold of Montezuma ([[Atari ST]])
*22 November - [[US Navy]] [[Ling-Temco-Vought]] [[A-7E Corsair II]] from the {{USS|Nimitz|CVN-68|6}} air wing and based at [[Cecil Field]], Florida, crashed at 1200 hrs. ~120 miles NW of [[Sardinia]]. Fighter was returning to the ship after routine mission.<ref> Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Tuesday, November 24, 1981, page A-10</ref>
* 1988 - Quiz Master ([[Atari ST]])
* 1988 - Spaceball ([[Atari ST]])
* 1988 - To Be on Top ([[Atari ST]])
* 1989 - Astaroth
* 1989 - Battle Valley
* 1989 - Chambers of Shaolin
* 1989 - [[Cybernoid]] II - The Revenge ([[Atari ST]])
* 1989 - Grand Monster Slam
* 1989 - Leavin' Teramis
* 1989 - Rings of Medusa
* 1989 - Roll Out ([[Atari ST]])
* 1989 - [[Stormlord]] ([[Atari ST]])
* 1989 - Tom & Jerry ([[Atari ST]])
* 1989 - Tom & Jerry: Hunting High And Low ([[Atari ST]])
* 1989 - Warp
* 1989 - The Seven Gates of Jambala
* 1990 - [[A Prehistoric Tale]]
* 1990 - [[Atomino]] ([[Atari ST]])
* 1990 - Crimetime
* 1990 - Curse of RA ([[Atari ST]])
* 1990 - Dragonflight
* 1990 - Enchanted Land
* 1990 - Great Courts 2 ([[Atari ST]])
* 1990 - Insects in Space ([[Atari ST]])
* 1990 - Ninja Remix
* 1990 - Tower FRA
* 1990 - Transworld ([[Atari ST]]) possibly Amiga?
* 1990 - [[Turrican]] ([[Atari ST]])
* 1990 - [[Wings of Death]]
* 1991 - Masterblazer ([[Atari ST]])
* 1991 - Ghost Battle
* 1991 - [[Lethal Xcess]]
* 1991 - Rings of Medusa II : The return of Medusa
* 1991 - Tangram
* 1991 - [[Turrican]] II - The final fight ([[Atari ST]])
* 1992 - [[Amberstar]]
* 1993 - Turrican 3 (Credits)


Games without an explicit platform noted next to them indicate Jochen did both the [[Commodore Amiga]] and [[Atari ST]] versions.
==1982==
*18 January - Worst accident in [[U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds]] Demonstration Team history, when four [[T-38 Talon|T-38A]]s crashed during pre-season training at [[Indian Springs, Nevada]]. While practicing the 4 plane line abreast loop, the formation impacted the ground at high speed, instantly killing all four pilots: Major Norm Lowry, leader, Captain Willie Mays, Captain Pete Peterson and Captain Mark Melancon. The cause of the crash was officially listed by the USAF as the result of a mechanical problem with the #1 aircraft's control stick actuator. During formation flight, the wing and slot pilots visually cue off of the #1 lead aircraft, completely disregarding their positions in relation to the ground.
*20 April - [[Lockheed]] [[F-117]]A, ''80-785'', crashes on take-off on its first test flight at [[Groom Lake, Nevada]], due to crossed wiring of the yaw controls, coming to rest inverted adjacent to the runway. Lockheed test pilot Bob Ridenhauer survives with serious injuries and retires from test flying. He has to be cut out of the overturned cockpit section. This was the first loss of a production Nighthawk and occurred prior to Air Force acceptance.
*25 May - An [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] [[F-4 Phantom II]] piloted by Roy Lawrence and Alistair Inverarity was engaging an [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] [[SEPECAT Jaguar]] piloted by Steve Griggs in training exercises. During the encounter the Phantom shot a live [[AIM-9 Sidewinder]] forcing the Jaguar pilot to eject.
*29 November - Shortly after completing a training mission, a [[USAF]] [[B-52]]G-130-BW, ''59-4766'', suffered hydraulics fire in nose gear, exploded at the end of the runway at [[Castle AFB]], California, but crew of nine escaped before it was fully engulfed. Aircraft commander ordered evacuation as soon as he learned of the wheel fire.<ref>
Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Associated Press, ''B52 Explodes After Landing'', Tuesday, November 30, 1982, page A-18.</ref><ref>
New York, N.Y.: New York Times, Wednesday, December 1, 1982, page B-4.</ref>


Data Provided by [http://hol.abime.net Hall of Light], [http://www.atarilegend.com Atari Legend] and Lemon Amiga games databases.
==1983==
*27 January - Five are killed and eight injured when a [[USAF]] [[B-52 Stratofortress|B-52G Stratofortress]] catches fire and explodes at 0930 hrs. on the ramp at [[Grand Forks AFB]], [[North Dakota]]. The Stratofortress was undergoing routine fuel cell maintenance after flying a training mission the previous night.<ref>
Arlington, Virginia: USA Today, Friday, January 28, 1983, page 3A.</ref>
*28 April - A [[USAF]] [[A-7D]] of the [[Virginia Air National Guard]], based at [[Richmond International Airport]], crashed near [[Richmond, Virginia]], shearing unoccupied house in half and setting second structure on fire. Pilot Capt. Robert Welch, 30, of [[Atlanta, Georgia]], ejected just before impact, suffering a slight back injury.<ref>
Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Friday, April 29, 1983, page C-2.</ref>

==1984==
*26 April - [[USAF]] Lt. Gen. [[Robert M. Bond]] (1929-1984) is killed in a high-speed ejection from a [[MiG-23]] out of [[Groom Lake, Nevada]] at 1018 hrs., which was initially reported to be an F-117A Stealth fighter. The MiG impacted on [[Little Skull Mountain]] on the remote [[Nellis AFB]] range in a high-speed 60-degree dive. Following this accident, officers of General rank were prohibited from test flying.
*16 October - An unarmed [[USAF]] [[B-52]]G-80-BW, ''57‑6479'', of the 92nd Bomb Wing out of [[Fairchild AFB]], Washington, crashed about 2100 hrs. into a mesa on the [[Navajo]] reservation in northeastern [[Arizona]] 13 miles NE of [[Kayenta]], during a low-level training flight. Eight crew eject and recovered in a day; one ejects, missing; gunner KWF.<ref>
Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Thursday, October 18, 1984, page A-7. </ref>

==1985==
*9 February - An armed USAF [[A-10]]A, ''78-0723'', 'MB', crashed into a cliff in [[Oak Creek Canyon]] just north of [[Sedona]], [[Arizona]] during a morning rainstorm. A military demolitions crew was sent in to recover unexploded munitions and the canyon was closed to traffic for several days. The lone pilot, attached to the 354th Tactical Fighter Wing at [[Myrtle Beach Air Force Base]], [[South Carolina]], was killed.<ref>Flagstaff, AZ: NY Times (UPI), February 10, 1985 [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9400E6D71739F933A25751C0A963948260&scp=2&sq=arizona+a-10&st=nyt]</ref><ref> [http://www.scramble.nl/sb.htm}</ref>
*29 March - Two Canadian Forces C[[C-130]]H, 130330, c/n 4555, and 130331, c/n 4559, both of 435 Squadron, crashed after having a mid-air collision over [[CFB Namao]], near [[Edmonton, Alberta]]. This is the only dual Hercules mid-air.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19850329-0&lang=en Aviation Safety Network]</ref><ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19850329-1&lang=en Aviation Safety Network]</ref>
*3 April - First [[Kamov]] [[V-80]]-01, prototype of [[Kamov Ka-50 Hokum]], '010', crashes, killing pilot Yevgeni Laryushin.<ref>Butowski, Piotr, "''Hokum: Kamov's Trinity''", Air International, Stamford, Lincs., U.K., July 2001, Volume 61, Number 1, page 56.</ref>
*20 April - [[USAF]] C[[T-39 Sabreliner]] suffering from defective brakes, runs off runway at [[Wilkes-Barre-Scranton International Airport]], [[Pennsylvania]], goes down 125-foot embankment, burns, killing all five on board. Victims included Gen. Jerome F. O'Malley, 53, commander of U.S. [[Tactical Air Command]], his wife Diane, 52, and three other officers. The party had taken off from [[Langley Field]], Virginia, and were to return there after the general fulfilled a commitment in Pennsylvania.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, ''Brakes Caused Jet Crash'', Thursday, July 20, 1985, page C-4</ref>
*27 June – An [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] [[C-130 Hercules]] and a [[Royal Navy]] [[SH-3 Sea King|Sea King]] helicopter collide in cloud north of the [[Falkland Islands]], at around 300&nbsp;[[Foot (length)|ft]]. The Hercules lost the wing beyond its #1 (port outer) engine but still managed to land. The Sea King, based at [[RNAS Culdrose (HMS Seahawk)|RNAS Culdrose]], was lost and all four on board killed.<ref>[http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/38/737/13580517w18/purl=rc2_TTDA_2_crash+falklands___gt+1/1/1985______________________________________________________________________________________&dyn=sig!9?sw_aep=free4_tda The Times Sat June 29 1985 page 2]</ref><ref>[http://www.naval-history.net/xDKCas1980-89.htm Men and Women of the ROYAL NAVY lost 1945-present]</ref><ref>[http://www.pprune.org/forums/showthread.php?t=285755&page=2 [[PPRUNE]] The Professional Pilots Rumour Network ]</ref>
*13 July – [[Blue Angels]] Aircraft 5, BuNo ''155029'', and 6, BuNo ''154992'', ([[Douglas A-4]]F) collide at the top of a loop at 1532 hrs., [[Niagara Falls International Airport]], New York, during the Western New York Air Show '85, killing Lt. Cmdr. [[Michael Gershon]]. Second pilot, Lt. Andy Caputi, ejects safely with only minor injuries. One Skyhawk crashed on airport grounds while the second fighter impacted in a nearby auto junkyard.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Associated Press, "''2 Jets in Navy Flight Team Collide; One Pilot Is Killed: Blue Angel Survivor Parachutes to Safety''", Sunday, July 14, 1985, page A-17</ref><ref>[http://usmilitary.about.com/library/weekly/aa102899.htm "Navy Blue Angel Aviators Die in Crash", October 28, 1999, accessed April 23, 2007]</ref>
*8 August -A [[USAF]] [[Ling-Temco-Vought]] [[A-7D Corsair II]] lost power, caught fire and crashed into [[Midwest City]], a suburb of [[Oklahoma City, Oklahoma]], pilot Maj. Dennis D. Nielson staying with aircraft as he attempted to steer it towards less-populous area before ejecting, but fighter impacted house, killing one, injuring one, one missing, said a United Press International report.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Friday, August 9, 1985, page A-2.</ref> Second victim found on 9 August.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Saturday, August 10, 1985, page A-4.</ref>
*8 August - A [[USAF]] [[F-16 Fighting Falcon]] crashed during a training mission in northwest [[Utah]], killing the pilot.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Friday, August 9, 1985, page A-2</ref>
*15 November - A [[US Navy]] turboprop [[Convair C-131]] crashed shortly after takeoff from [[Napier Field]], [[Dothan, Alabama]], killing two pilots of the Navy's Fleet Logistic Support Squadron, [[Andrews AFB]], [[Maryland]], and a flight engineer, also of Andrews AFB. Jack MacMullen, 34, a Navy lieutenant commander, from [[Seabrook, Maryland]], John Bryan Gore,30, a Navy lieutenant, of [[Centreville, Virginia]], and Robert Scott Grey, of Andrews AFB, KWF.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, "''2 Area Navy Fliers Killed in Plane Crash''", Wednesday, November 20, 1985, page C-10</ref>
*12 December – [[Arrow Air Flight 1285]], a chartered [[DC-8]]-63CF, ''N950JW'', c/n 46058, line number '433', crashes just after takeoff from [[Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador|Gander]], [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]], Canada, killing 256 people, of whom 248 were soldiers in the [[US Army]] [[101st Airborne Division]] returning from overseas duty in the Sinai desert, Egypt. This remains the greatest peacetime loss of military personnel in US history.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19851212-0 ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-8-63CF N950JW Gander, NF<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

==1986==
*22 May - [[US Navy]] [[A-6 Intruder|A-6E Intruder]], bound for the [[USS John F. Kennedy]] at [[Puerto Rico]], crashes on takeoff from [[NAS Oceana]], [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]], at 1105 hrs., killing two crew and one motorist on Oceana Boulevard. Aircraft had no munitions but carried a full fuel load and burst into flame as it came down just outside the station perimeter, killing pilot Lt. James P. Hoban, 26, of [[River Vale, New Jersey]], and bombardier-navigator Lt. Michael F. Wilson, 27, of [[Medford, New Jersey]], as well as Navy wife Tammy Fowler, 25, of Virginia Beach, in the vehicle on Oceana Boulevard. Navy officials said that this was the first Navy plane crash in the area in more than two years. Witnesses reported that the Intruder's tail appeared to be on fire as it came down.<ref> Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Sherwood, Tom, staff writer, "''3 Die in Virginia Crash of Navy Jet''" Friday, May 23, 1986, page C-3</ref><ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Times, "''Bomber crash kills three''", Friday, May 23, 1986, page 10B</ref>

==1987==
*24 June - [[RAF]] [[SEPECAT Jaguar]] GR.1A, ''XZ386'', '05', of 226 OCU, suffers loss of control/controlled flight into terrain three miles (5 km.) SE of [[Builth Wells]], [[Powys]], [[Wales]]. Pilot KWF.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, June 2002, Number 171, page 82.</ref>
*20 October - [[USAF]] [[Ling-Temco-Vought]] [[A-7D Corsair II]], ''69-6207'', of the 4450th Tactical Group, [[Nellis AFB]], Nevada, loses all power 15 miles S of [[Indianapolis, Indiana]] at 31,000 feet while en route from [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]] to [[Tinker AFB]], Oklahoma. Pilot tries to dead-stick into [[Indianapolis International Airport]] but receives poor direction from air traffic controllers and crashes at ~0915 hrs. during late turn after aiming plane at a baseball field<ref>Norfolk, Virginia: The Virginian-Pilot, Haner, Jim, and Thrisdell, Roberta, staff writers, "''Life in flight path can be dicey''", Thursday, November 8, 1990, pages A1, A22</ref> but fighter veers, striking bank branch roof and hitting center of [[Ramada Inn]] across the street, killing nine employees, injuring five others. Pilot Maj. Bruce L. Teagarden, 35, ejected, suffering bruises and muscle strain.<ref> Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Parker, Laura, and Peterson, Bill, staff writers, "''Air Force Jet Hits Indiana Hotel After Losing Power; Nine Killed''" Wednesday, October 21, 1987, page A-1, A-8</ref> He lands in parking lot of Ace Supply Company, four blocks from the hotel.<ref> Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Parker, Laura, staff writer, "''Pilot Said Jet Flipped Out of Control In Landing Attempt, Witnesses Report''" Thursday, October 22, 1981, page A-20</ref> Air Force pays out $50,427 in property claims damages, according to the [[New York Times]] on 26 October.<ref> New York, N.Y.: New York Times, "''Property Claims Paid by Air Force At $50,427 in Indianapolis Crash''", Monday, October 26, 1987, page B-10.</ref> This A-7D was part of the unit then secretly operating [[F-117]] stealth aircraft but this was successfully kept out of the media for several years.

==1988==
*24 April - Marine Corps Colonel Jerry Cadick, then commanding officer of [[MAG-11]], was performing stunts at the MCAS El Toro Air Show before a crowd of 300,000 when he crashed his [[F/A-18 Hornet]] at the bottom of a loop that was too close to the ground.[20] The aircraft was in a nose-high attitude, but still carrying too much energy toward the ground when it impacted at more than 300 mph (480 km/h). Col. Cadick was subjected to extremely high G forces that resulted in his face making contact with the control stick and sustaining serious injury. He broke his arm, elbow and ribs, exploded a vertebra and collapsed a lung. Col. Cadick survived and retired from the Marine Corps. The F/A-18 remained largely intact but was beyond repair.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/59818251.html?dids=59818251:59818251&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+25%2C+1988&author=RICHARD+BEENE&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=1&desc=300%2C000+Watch+in+Horror+as+Fighter+Crashes+Spectators+Say+F%2FA-18+Jet+Appeared+to+Stall+as+Pilot+Was+Making+a+Loop | title=F/A-18 Hornet crash at MCAS El Toro Air Show, 1988 | publisher=LA Times }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iuOYEwwEmLk&feature=PlayList&p=B3B74263FF9FD38B&index=52 | title=F/A-18 Hornet crash at MCAS El Toro Air Show, 1988 | publisher=YouTube}}</ref>
*6 May - [[CH-53]]D with Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadron-46 crashed into South China Sea killing all 17 on board.
*12 July - [[U.S. Navy]] [[North American Sabreliner|CT-39E Sabreliner]], BuNo ''158381'', c/n 282-93, ex-''N4701N'', en route from [[Singapore]] to [[Subic Bay Naval Station]], [[Philippines]], comes down in the afternoon in the [[South China Sea]] near the [[Spratly Island]] archipelago, after radioing a distress signal of equipment failure. [[Vietnamese Navy]] ship (described by [[Joe Baugher]] as a fishing vessel) picks up three American crew, two men and one woman, said a spokesman at the Vietnamese embassy in [[Bangkok]] on 15 July, and took them to Vietnam where they were being "treated very kindly". Arrangements would be made to repatriate the crew. At this time the United States and Vietnam had not yet reestablished diplomatic relations.<ref name="Richburg">Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Richburg, Keith B., ''3 U.S. Fliers Saved at Sea By Vietnam: Hanoi to Return Americans Quickly'', Saturday, July 16, 1988, page A-17.</ref>
*17 August – A [[Pakistan Air Force|PAF]] [[C-130 Hercules|C-130B Hercules]], ''23494'', 'R' (ex-[[USAF]] ''62-3494''), c/n 3708, crashes near the [[Pakistan]]i town of [[Bahawalpur]], killing everyone aboard, including the [[President of Pakistan]] [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]], [[United States Ambassador to Pakistan|American Ambassador to Pakistan]] [[Arnold Lewis Raphel]], Head of [[Inter-Services Intelligence|Pakistan's military intelligence]] [[Akhter Abdul Rehman|General Akther Abdul Rehman]] and nearly all of the top military brass of the [[Pakistan Army]].
*28 August – '''[[Ramstein airshow disaster]]''': Three of the ten [[Aermacchi MB-339]]PAN jets from the [[Italian Air Force]] display team [[Frecce Tricolori]] collide in mid-air in front of the audience while performing their 'pierced heart' formation. One aircraft crashes directly into the crowd. Sixty-seven spectators and all three pilots are killed and 346 seriously injured in the resulting explosion and fire.
*5 December - A [[U.S. Navy]] [[EA-6B Prowler]] goes missing over the Pacific Ocean during training exercise 900 miles off [[San Diego]]. Search fails to find any sign of the four crew.<ref name=autogenerated10>
Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Wednesday, December 7, 1988, page A-17. </ref>
*6 December - A [[USAF]] [[B-52]]H-150-BW, ''60-0040'', crashed on the runway at 0115 hrs. EST at [[K.I. Sawyer AFB]], [[Michigan]], while doing touch-and-goes after a seven-hour training flight. No weapons were aboard the bomber, which broke into three parts. All crew survived, crawling or being helped from the nose section, without sustaining burns.<ref name=autogenerated10 />
*8 December – '''[[Remscheid plane crash]]''': An [[USAF]] [[A-10 Thunderbolt II]] crashes into the [[West Germany|West German]] town of [[Remscheid]]. The pilot and five residents are killed, and a further 50 people injured.

==1989==
* 29 January - A [[RCAF]] C[[C-130]]E, ''130318'', formerly ''10318'', c/n 4124, of 43 Squadron, participating in annual Brim Frost exercises hits runway lights and a river bank short of the runway and crashes onto the runway at [[Fort Wainwright|Wainwright AAF]], Alaska at -46 degrees Fahrenheit. Eleven of the eighteen occupants are killed.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890129-0 ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed CC-130E Hercules 130318 Fairbanks-Fort Wainwright Airport, AK (FBK)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* 2 February - The first prototype [[JAS 39 Gripen]] crashed on its sixth flight when landing in [[Linköping]] as a result of [[pilot-induced oscillation]]. The accident was filmed in a now famous recording by a crew from [[Sveriges Television]]'s [[Aktuellt]].<ref name= "SVT"> [http://svt.se/svt/road/Classic/shared/mediacenter/index.jsp?d=37267&a=399477 Sveriges Television], News footage of the 1989 and 1993 crashes (in Swedish)</ref> The pilot remained in the tumbling aircraft, and escaped miraculously with just a fractured arm.
*21 April - [[Lockheed SR-71]]A, ''61-7974'', Item 2025, outbound on operational sortie from [[Kadena Air Base]], [[Okinawa]], suffers engine explosion, total hydraulic failure. Pilot Maj. Dan E. House and RSO Capt. Blair L. Bozek both eject safely. This was the final Blackbird loss before the type was withdrawn from service.<ref name="Crickmore">Crickmore, Paul F. "''Lockheed's Blackbirds: A-12, YF-12 and SR-71''", Wings of Fame, Volume 8, AIRtime Publishing Inc., Westport, Connecticut, 1997, ISBN 1-880588-23-4, page 93.</ref>
*15 May - [[US Navy]] [[North American Sabreliner|CT-39E Sabreliner]], BuNo ''158383'', 'JK', of [[VRC-40]], [[NAS Norfolk]], Virginia, runs off runway at [[Andrews AFB]], Maryland, at 1100 hrs. Crew of four and one passenger uninjured.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, ''Accident at Andrews'', Tuesday, May 16, 1989, page B-7.</ref>
*4 July - A "runaway" [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23|MiG-23]] '''[[1989 Belgian MiG-23 crash|crashes]]''' into a farmhouse in Belgium, killing an 18-year-old man.
*30 November - An [[A-4 Skyhawk|A-4F Skyhawk]] assigned to the [[US Navy]] [[Top Gun]] school crashed short of the runaway at [[NAS Miramar]], north of [[San Diego, California]]. The cause of the crash was loss of power to the engine. The pilot, an instructor in the Top Gun school, ejected safely.

==1990==
*12 January - [[USMC]] [[A-4 Skyhawk]] crashes on approach to [[NAS Willow Grove]], [[Pennsylvania]], coming down in [[Upper Moreland Township]], impacting in an intersection, debris tearing off roof of an auto-leasing business, destroying four autos, and damaging six houses, but no injuries on the ground. Pilot Capt. Duane Pandorf, 35, parachutes into tree, suffering only minor injuries.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, "''Marine Corps Fighter/Bomber Crashes North of Philadelphia''", Saturday, January 13, 1990, page A-6.</ref>
*23 January - Mid-air collision between two [[Blue Angels]] [[F/A-18]] aircraft during a practice session at El Centro. One airplane, Angel Number 2, BuNo ''161524'', piloted by Capt. Chase Moseley (ejected) was destroyed and the other, Angel Number 1, badly damaged but managed to land safely. Both pilots survived unharmed.<ref>[http://moneymaker.rootsweb.com/newspapers/clip08.htm "Pilot Blamed In Blue Angel Crash", ''Pensacola News Journal'', June 13, 1990, archived at ''The Moneymaker Family Tree'', accessed April 23, 2007]</ref>
*12 February - A [[USMC]] pilot died and a reconnaissance observer was hurt when they ejected almost simultaneously from separate aircraft during training missions at the [[Air-Ground Combat Center]], [[Twentynine Palms, California]]. Capt. Thomas Kolb, 28, of [[San Diego, California]], was killed after ejecting from his [[AV-8B Harrier II]], based at [[MCAS Cherry Point]], North Carolina, which crashed in a remote area. Aerial observer Capt. Jeffrey P. Schade, of [[Southhold, New York]], ejected from [[OV-10 Bronco]], suffering minor injuries. The Bronco landed safely.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Times, ''Marine dead after ejecting from plane'', Wednesday, February 14, 1990, page A-2.</ref>
*30 May - Two [[USAF]] [[Ling-Temco-Vought]] [[A-7 Corsair II]]s of the Air National Guard, collided in mid-air and crashed in a "ball of flame" over northwestern Iowa near [[Spencer, Iowa]], both pilots and a civilian passenger ejected safely.<ref>
Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, Thursday, May 31, 1990, page A-20.</ref> The information available strongly suggests that the flight consisted on an A-7D and an A-7K two-seater.
*6 November - Crew of an [[US Navy]] [[A-6 Intruder|A-6E Intruder]], '506', of VA-176, suffering engine fire, aim bomber away from [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]] oceanfront before ejecting just after takeoff from [[NAS Oceana]], Virginia's Runway 5. Bomber comes down at 1015 hrs. in the Atlantic Ocean ~.75 miles offshore, after just clearing the Station One Hotel, on-shore breeze carries crew inland about three blocks from the beach, one landing in a tree, the other in a courtyard of a condominium, suffering only cuts and bruises. Aircraft, on routine training mission, was unarmed. Officials did not identify the crew, but said the pilot was a 29-year old lieutenant, and the bombardier-navigator was a 34-year old lieutenant commander, both assigned to VA-176.<ref>Chicago, Illinois: Chicago Tribune, "''2 Navy fliers eject from burning jet''", Thursday, November 8, 1990, Section 1, Page 5</ref> <ref>Norfolk, Virginia: The Virginian-Pilot, Dorsey, Jack, staff writer, "''Jet crew avoided disaster: Steered craft away from Beach resort''", Thursday, November 8, 1990, pages A1, A22.</ref>
*December 6 - An [[MB-326]] jet from the [[Italian Air Force]] crashes into a high school in [[Casalecchio di Reno]], Italy. Twelve students are killed, 84 more are severely injured. The pilot ejected after losing control of the plane.

==1991==
*24 January - [[A-7]]E [[Corsair II]], BuNo ''158830'', 'AC 403', of [[VA-72]] has the dubious distinction of being the last of the type in [[US Navy]] service to need a barricade landing aboard a carrier when the nose gear was damaged on catapult launch from the [[USS John F. Kennedy]], [[CV-67]], at start of mission 12.41 against a target in western [[Iraq]], losing one tire. Pilot, Lt. Tom Dostie, succeeds in hooking 1-wire and aircraft snags safely in barricade. Since the A-7 type was about to be retired, airframe is stripped for parts and buried at sea 25 January with full military honors, but refuses to sink until strafed by air wing jets.<ref name="Mersky">Mersky, Peter B., "SLUF swansong : A-7 Corsair II in the Gulf, 1990-1991''", International Air Power Review, Volume 1, AIRtime Publishing Inc., Westport, Connecticut, Summer 2001, ISBN 1473-9917, pages 123-126.</ref>
*3 March - [[US Navy]] [[T-39 Sabreliner]] crashed at 1145 hrs. in a neighborhood ~.5 miles S of [[NAS Glenview]], [[Illinois]], killing three crew, but missing houses. No one on ground was injured and witnesses said the pilot appeared to intentionally avoid structures, the jet coming down 20 feet from homes.<ref>Washington, D.C.: Washington Post, ''Navy Plane Crashes in a Chicago Suburb'', Monday, March 4, 1991, page A-7.</ref><ref>Arlington, Virginia: USA Today, Johnson, Kevin, ''Three die in Illinois crash; residents hail pilot as hero'', Monday, March 4, 1991, page 6A.</ref>
*21 March – Two [[US Navy]] [[P-3 Orion]] anti-submarine planes are lost during a training mission off the San Diego coast. The crash occurs in a storm 60 miles SW of San Diego at 0230 hrs., as one plane flies to relieve the other, which had been airborne for seven hours. Search-and-rescue workers discover wreckage from the downed planes but all 27 crewmen are lost. The two aircraft were assigned to Patrol Squadron 50, based at Moffett Naval Air Station in Mountain View.
*6 April - [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force]] [[F-14]]A [[Tomcat]] crashed at unknown location, killing unidentified pilot, and RIO Lt. Col. Gholamreza Khorshidi.
*5 June - A [[Royal Australian Air Force]] [[F/A-18]]A, ''A21-041'', of 75 Squadron, crashes 100 kilometres NE of [[Weipa, Queensland]]. The pilot was killed. The wreckage was found in July 1994.
*29 October - A [[Royal Australian Air Force]] [[Boeing 707]]-368C, ''A20-103'', c.n 21103/905, stalled and crashed into the sea near [[RAAF Base East Sale]], [[VIC]], Australia killing all five crew. The crash was attributed to a simulation of asymmetric flight resulting in a sudden and violent departure from controlled flight.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19911029-0 ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-368C A20-103 East Sale, VIC, Australia<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*30 November - During routine training mission, pilot Lt. Michael Young, 28, bailed out of his disabled [[USAF]] [[A-7D]] of the 180th TFG, [[Ohio Air National Guard]], based at [[Toledo Express Airport]], [[Swanton, Ohio]], over the coast of [[Michigan]]'s Thumb area. He landed in [[Lake Huron]], and was dragged 12 miles in his parachute by winds before being lost and presumed drowned. The jet impacted in a wooded area near [[Port Hope, Michigan]]. Rescuers were unable to reach pilot at the speed he was being dragged, and survival was unlikely in the 38-degree water.<ref>
Toledo, Ohio: The Blade, Thursday, December 5, 1991, page C-2.</ref>

==1992==
*6 February - A [[Kentucky Air National Guard]] [[C-130]]B, ''58-0732'', c/n 3527, of the 165th Tactical Airlift Squadron, stalls and crashes into the JoJo's restaurant and Drury Inn while practicing [[touch and go]] maneuvers at the [[Evansville, Indiana]] Airport. All five crew members and nine people on the ground were killed. Several others were injured.
*April - A Marine Corps [[CH-46]] suffers a catastrophic explosion and crashes into the Red Sea, killing four Marines including the pilot and injuring eight Marines.
*20 July - An M[[V-22 Osprey]] prototype, BuNo ''163914'', catches fire and falls into the [[Potomac River]] at [[MCAS Quantico]], Virginia, USA, killing 5 crew members in front of an audience of high-ranking [[United States of America|US]] government officials; this is the first of a series of fatal accidents involving the controversial [[tiltrotor]] aircraft.
*31 July - A [[US Navy]] [[E-2C Hawkeye]] on a training flight crashes in the [[Atlantic Ocean]] ~75 miles N of [[Puerto Rico]] while returning to the [[USS John F. Kennedy]] [[CV-67]], killing all five crew. The Navy reported on 1 August that the aircraft radioed that it was in trouble before coming down ~4 miles from the carrier, the second plane loss of that air wing in less than a fortnight.<ref>Chicago, Illinois: Chicago Tribune, Sunday, August 2, 1992, section 1, page 22.</ref>
*13 October - [[Antonov An-124 Ruslan]], '' SSSR-82002'', believed destined for [[Aeroflot]], on test flight by [[Antonov]]/[[Aviastar]], suffers nose cargo door failure during high-speed descent (part of test program) resulting in total loss of control. Airframe comes down in forest near [[Kiev]], killing eight of nine crew.<ref>Gaines, Mike, "''Heavyweight champ''", Jets, IPC Media Ltd., London, UK, Winter 2001, page 53.</ref>

==1993==
* 27 April – A [[Zambia]]n Air Force [[De Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo|DHC-5 Buffalo]] crashed shortly after takeoff from [[Libreville]], [[Gabon]]. One engine caught fire and failed; the tired pilot then shut down the wrong engine, causing a complete loss of power during the climb and leading to a crash 500 metres offshore. The plane was carrying the [[Zambia national football team]] to a [[1994 FIFA World Cup qualification (CAF)|1994 FIFA World Cup qualifier]] against [[Senegal national football team|Senegal]]. All 30 on board, including 18 players, the coach, and team support staff, were killed.
*24 July - At 1517 hrs. two [[MiG-29]]s of the Russian Flight Research Institute took off for a demonstration at RIAT [[RAF Fairford]] 1993, but during display suffer mid-air collision, both pilots ejecting safely. Video of this accident is widely available on the internet.
* 8 August - A [[JAS 39 Gripen]] crashed on the central [[Stockholm]] island of [[Långholmen]], near the [[Västerbron]] bridge, during a slow speed manoeuver during a display over the [[Stockholm Water Festival]]. The same pilot as in the 1989 incident [[ejector seat|ejected]] safely. Despite large crowds standing by watching, no one on the ground was seriously injured. This crash was caused by a [[pilot-induced oscillation|PIO]].

==1994==
[[Image:FairchildB52Crash.jpg|250px.jpg|thumb|[[B-52 Stratofortress|B-52H]] [[Aircraft registration|''61-0026'']] ''Czar 52'' about to crash. Note that the co-pilot's hatch has been blown in a failed attempt to eject.]]

*23 March - [[Green Ramp Disaster]] - A mid-air collision between a [[C-130 Hercules]], ''68-10942'', and a [[F-16D Fighting Falcon]], ''88-0171'', causes a ground crash between the F-16 and a [[C-141 Starlifter]], ''66-0173''. This propelled the wreckage of the F-16 into paratroopers preparing for a practice drop killing 24 and injuring many more. The C-130 landed safely.
*5 April - A [[U.S. Navy]] [[A-6 Intruder]], based at [[NAS Alameda]], crashes into the [[San Francisco Bay]], [[California]] at 1200 hrs., close to the mid-span of the San Francisco-Oakland bridge, killing two crew, the Coast Guard said.<ref>Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Wednesday, April 6, 1994, page A-10.</ref>
*14 April - Two U.S. Army [[UH-60 Blackhawk|Blackhawk]] helicopters are mistakenly shot down by [[USAF]] [[F-15 Eagle]] jets while patrolling the [[Iraqi no-fly zones|no-fly zone]] over [[Iraq]], killing 26 personnel in what is known as the '''[[Black Hawk Incident (April 1994)|Black Hawk Incident]]'''.
*2 June - A [[Royal Air Force]] [[Boeing Chinook (UK variants)|Boeing Chinook]] HC.2 helicopter, ''ZD576'', 'G', of Odiham Wing, crashes near [[Campbeltown]], [[Scotland]], killing 29 crew and passengers, including several top officials of the [[Royal Ulster Constabulary]].<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, July 1998, Number 124, pages 59-60.</ref>
*24 June - '''[[1994 Fairchild Air Force Base B-52 crash|'Czar 52']]''', a [[USAF]] [[B-52]]H-170-BW [[Stratofortress]], ''61-0026'', crashes during an airshow practice at [[Fairchild AFB]]. After having rehearsed the maneuvers profile that in itself was dangerous to fly in a B-52, the aircraft came into land. Due to a [[KC-135 Stratotanker]] still being on the runway, the aircraft was required to make a 'go around'. After beginning a 360-degree turn left, the aircraft exceeded 90 degrees angle of bank, stalled and crashed into the ground. All four aircrew members were killed in the crash.<ref>[http://s92270093.onlinehome.us/CRM-Devel/resources/paper/darkblue/darkblue.htm An in-depth case study by Major Tony Kern of the USAF]</ref>
*24 October - [[US Navy]] [[F-14A]] [[Tomcat]], BuNo ''160390'', of [[VF-213]] crashed on approach to the carrier [[USS Abraham Lincoln]] [[CVN-72]], operating 40 miles (65 km.) off the Southern California coast, killing Lt. [[Kara Hultgreen]], the first female Tomcat-qualified pilot in the Navy. [[RIO]] Lt. Matthew P. Klemish ejected and was rescued. Due to low-speed rolling turn, the ejections were on the edge of the seat capabilities, and Hultgreen's did not have time to fully sequence. Her body was recovered by a Navy salvage team, still strapped into her seat less than 100 yards (90 m.) from her F-14 on the seabed.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, January 1995, Number 82, pages 58-59.</ref>

==1995==
*21 May-22 May - Historic [[B-29]]-95-BW [[Superfortress]], ''45-21768'', "''[[Kee Bird]]''", of the 46th/72nd Reconnaissance Squadrons, abandoned in [[List of notable incidents and accidents involving military aircraft#1947|1947]] and recently restored to flying condition after a number of highly calamitous setbacks, is severely damaged by fire while attempting to take off from a frozen lakebed in [[Greenland]]. Its remains are abandoned to sink into the melting ice.
*2 September - [[RAF Kinloss]] Wing [[Hawker Siddeley Nimrod|Nimrod]] MR.2, ''XV239'', crashes into [[Lake Ontario]], at [[Toronto, Canada]] during the 46th Canadian National Exhibition International airshow, killing all seven crew of 120 Squadron.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, November 1995, Number 92, page 58.</ref><ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2BSfgnCU2Q YouTube - Plane Crashes into Ocean<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Video of this crash is widely available on the internet.
*22 September – A [[USAF]] [[E-3 Sentry|E-3]]B [[Sentry]], ''77-0354'', c/n 21554, of the 961st AACS, 552nd ACW, crashes shortly after take off from [[Elmendorf AFB]], Alaska, when a flock of Canadian snow geese were ingested by its engines. All 26 crew members die, including 2 Canadian air crew members. This was the first loss of an E-3 since the type entered service in 1977.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, November 1995, Number 92, page 60.</ref>

==1996==
*3 April - A USAF [[Boeing T-43|Boeing CT-43]], ''73-1149'' (c/n 20696), on an official trade mission, '''[[1996 Croatia USAF CT-43 crash|crashed]]''' on approach to [[Dubrovnik Airport]], [[Croatia]], killing [[United States Secretary of Commerce]] [[Ron Brown (U.S. politician)|Ron Brown]] and 34 other people.
*12 June – Two [[Australian Army]] [[Sikorsky S-70|S-70A Black Hawk]] helicopters collide during a night training exercise near [[Townsville, Queensland]], killing 18 soldiers.
*15 July – At approximately 1803 hrs., a [[Belgian]] [[Lockheed]] [[C-130 Hercules|C-130H Hercules]], registration number ''CH-06'', c/n 4473, crashed at [[Eindhoven Airport|Eindhoven Air Base]] in the Netherlands after bird strikes stopped three engines. A total of 34 people lost their lives as a result of the [http://www.nbdc.nl/cms/show/id=140411 accident], and seven people were seriously injured.

==1997==
*4 February - Two [[Israel]]i [[CH-53 Sea Stallion]] ''Yas'ur'' 2000s, ''357'' and ''903'', collide in darkness near the remote She'ar Yeshuv kibbutz, over northern Israel at ~1900 hrs. in a storm, killing 73 [[Israel Defense Forces]] soldiers. See [[1997 Israeli helicopter disaster]].<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, April 1997, Number 109, page 58.</ref>
*13 September - ''Luftwaffe'' [[Tupolev Tu-154|Tupolev 154M]], ''11+02'', of 1 Staffel/FBS, used for Open Skies treaty verification, collided with a [[US Air Force]] [[C-141B Starlifter]], ''65-9405'', of the 305th AMW, about 120 km (75 miles) W of the coast of [[Namibia]] over the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 24 aboard. Accident investigations by both countries, released 31 March 1998, found that the Tu-154 was flying at the wrong altitude, 35,000 feet (11,600 m.) instead of 39,000 feet (12,900 m.), and was thus primarily at fault. Contributory factor was chronically poor ATC in the area.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, June 1998, Number 123, page 74.</ref>
*14 September - A [[Lockheed F-117]], ''81-793'', of the 7th Fighter Squadron, 49th Fighter Wing, at [[Holloman AFB]], [[New Mexico]], lost its port wing at 1500 hrs. during a pass over [[Martin State Airport]], [[Middle River]], [[Maryland]] during the Chesapeake Air Show and crashed into a residential area of [[Bowley's Quarters, Maryland]] damaging several homes. Four people on the ground received minor injuries and the pilot, Maj. Bryan "B.K." Knight, 36, escaped with minor injuries after ejecting from the aircraft. A month-long Air Force investigation found that four of 39 fasteners for the wing's structural support assembly were apparently left off when the wings were removed and reinstalled in January 1996, according to a report released 12 December 1997.
*5 December - [[Russian Air Force]] [[Antonov An-124 Ruslan]], ''RA-82005'', delivering two [[Sukhoi Su-27]] ''Flanker''s to [[Vietnam]], loses both port engines at 200 feet (60 m) on take-off from [[Irkutsk]], crashing into residential area, killing eight crew, 15 passengers, and 45 on the ground (some accounts list higher ground casualties). Cause was thought to be either contaminated fuel or wrong grade of fuel, taken on at Irkutsk.<ref>Gaines, Mike, "''Heavyweight champ''", Jets, IPC Media Ltd., London, UK, Winter 2001, page 53.</ref>

==1998==
*3 February - A [[U.S. Marine Corps]] [[EA-6B Prowler]], BuNo ''163045'', 'CY-02', callsign ''Easy 01'', of [[VMAQ-2]], '''[[Cavalese cable-car disaster|struck a cable supporting a gondola in Cavalese]]'''. The cable was severed and 20 people in the cabin plunged over 80 metres to their deaths. The plane had wing and tail damage but was able to return to the base.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, May 1998, Number 122, page 59.</ref>
*21 February – A [[Sudan Air Force]] [[Antonov An-32]] overshoots the runway and crashes into a river near Nasir, [[Sudan]] killing 27 of the 57 people on board.
*29 March – A [[Peruvian Air Force]] [[Antonov An-32]], ''FAP-388/OB-1388'', carrying villagers affected by floods, crashes in [[Piura]], [[Peru]] after engine failure. Of the 55 people on board, 22 are killed.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, August 1998, Number 125, page 59.</ref>
*5 May – A [[Peruvian Air Force]] [[Boeing 737]]-282, ''FAP-351'', c/n 23041, line number 962, chartered from [[Occidental Petroleum]], crashes at ~2130 hrs. during poor weather near [[Andoas]], [[Peru]] killing 75 of the 88 people on board.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19980505-0 ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-282 FAP-351 Andoas<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*12 May – A [[Mauritanian Air Force]] [[Antonov An-24]]B, ''RA-12973'', c/n 9346505, crashes near [[Néma]], [[Mauritania]] during a sandstorm killing 39 of the 42 people on board.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19980511-0 ASN Aircraft accident Antonov 12B RA-12973 Luanda-4 de Fevereiro Airport (LAD)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*25 May – A [[Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force]] [[Yakovlev Yak-40]], ''RDPL-34001'', '001', c/n 9431835, crashes into a mountain during heavy rain killing all of the 26 on board, including Lt. Gen. Dao Trong Lich, Chief of the General Staff of the Vietnamese Peoples' Army.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, December 1998, Number 129, page 62.</ref><ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, July 1998, Number 124, page 59.</ref><ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19980525-0 ASN Aircraft accident Yakovlev 40 RDPL-34001 Xiang Khoang province<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*17 June - [[Kamov Ka-50 Hokum]] crash at Army Aviation Combat Training Centre, [[Torzhok]], kills Gen. Boris Vorobyov.<ref>Butowski, Piotr, "''Hokum: Kamov's Trinity''", Air International, Stamford, Lincs., U.K., July 2001, Volume 61, Number 1, page 56.</ref>

==1999==
*21 January – A [[Nicaraguan Air Force]] [[Antonov An-26]], ''126'', c/n 14206, crashes into a mountain near [[Bluefields]], [[Nicaragua]] killing all 28 on board.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19990121-0 ASN Aircraft accident Antonov 26 152 Bluefields<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*21 January - [[Royal Air Force]] [[Panavia Tornado]] GR.1 ''[[United Kingdom military aircraft serials|ZA330]]'', 'B-08', crashed into a [[Cessna 152]] II, ''[[Aircraft registration|G-BPZX]]'' near Mattersley [[Nottinghamshire]]. In the Air Accident Report 3/2000 the conclusion was none of the pilots saw each other in time to take avoiding action. Both crew of the Tornado, [[Flight Lieutenant]] Greg Hurst and Sottotenete Matteo Di Carlo, as well as the pilot and passenger in the Cessna, were killed.
*7 March – An [[Indian Air Force]] [[Antonov An-32]] crashes upon landing in [[New Delhi]], [[India]] during poor weather. All 19 people on board are killed.
*18 April - [[Royal Australian Air Force]] [[F-111]]G, ''A8-291'', of 6 Sqn., crashes about 2230 hrs. while on exercises in [[Malaysia]]. Believed to have hit one of two peaks on small island Pulua Aur, off the east coast of the [[Malay Peninsula]], and then crashed into the [[South China Sea]]. The two crew, Sqn. Ldr. Steve Hobbs and Flt. Lt. Anthony Short, are killed.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, July 1999, Number 136, page 73.</ref>
*27 May - An [[Indian Air Force]] HAL [[MiG-27]]L of 9 Wolfpack Sqn. suffers flame-out, fails to get relight, over [[Hunzi Ghund]], [[Pakistan]], during [[Kargil conflict]]. The MiG-27 pilot, Flt Lt [[K. Nachiketa]] successfully ejected at 1045 hrs., and he was captured by Pakistani ground forces as a [[POW]]. Pakistan claimed it as a shoot-down.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, July 1999, Number 136, pages 74-75.</ref>
*27 May - An [[Indian Air Force]] [[MiG-21]]MF, ''C-1539'', of 17 Golden Arrows Sqn., is shot down by a [[Pakistan]]i [[FIM-92 Stinger]] while searching for downed MiG-27 pilot during the [[Kargil conflict]]. Aircraft comes down at 1105 hrs., some 7.5 miles (12 km.) inside occupied [[Kashmir]]. Although pilot [[Squadron Leader Ajay Ahuja]] ejected safely, Pakistan claimed he had been killed. After his body was returned 28 May, "initial examination found bullet wounds which suggested he had been shot after ejecting. This was the first time since 1971 that India had lost an aircraft to hostile fire."<ref name=autogenerated6>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, July 1999, Number 136, page 75.</ref>
*28 May - An [[Indian Air Force]] [[Mi-17]] ''Hip'' helicopter is shot down by Pakistan air defence units using an [[FIM-92 Stinger]] missile during the [[Kargil conflict]]. Four [[IAF]] personnel were killed.<ref name=autogenerated6 />
*12 June - [[Russian Air Force]] [[Sukhoi]] [[Su-30]]MK-1 demonstrator '01' with [[Thrust vectoring|vectored thrust]] crashes on opening day of the [[Paris Air Show]] at [[Le Bourget]] Airport. At the completion of a downward spiralling maneuver, the tail contacted the grass surface. With almost no forward speed the fighter was able to pull away from the ground, wings level, with an up pitch of 10-15 degrees and climb to ~150 feet (46 m), with the right jet nozzle deflected fully up and flames engulfing the left engine. Sukhoi test pilot Vyacheslav Averynov initiated ejection with navigator Vladimir Shendrikh departing the aircraft first. The [[Zvezda]] K-36D-3.5 [[ejection seat]]s work perfectly and both crew descend on a taxiway unhurt. The Su-30 impacted some distance from the crew. Video of this accident is widely available on the internet.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, Alan Dawes, "''That Crash - at Le Bourget''", August 1999, Number 137, pages 50-53.</ref><ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yh-kuztsE1s&feature=related YouTube - Su-30MKI crash at Paris Air Show Le Bourget 1999<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
*10 August - A [[Pakistan Navy]] [[Breguet Atlantic]], believed to be serialled '91', c/n 33, of 29 Squadron, is shot down by [[Indian Air Force]] jets, citing airspace violation. Dubbed the [[Atlantique Incident]], it raises tensions between India and Pakistan.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, June 2001, Number 159, page 78.</ref>
*20 September - A [[Swedish Air Force]] [[JAS-39 Gripen]], ''39156'', '56', of F7 Wing, 2nd Sqn., crashes into [[Lake Vänern]] at about 1430 hrs. during an air-to-air combat exercise. Aircraft sank in about 260 feet of water (80 m). Pilot ejected safely and was recovered by Hkp 10 SAR helicopter. The accident was caused by a design flaw in the plane's [[Aircraft flight control systems#Digital|control system]], rendering it in a [[Stall (flight)|stalled]] mode after passing another plane's [[vortex]]. This was the first loss of a Gripen since the type became operational.<ref>[http://www.havkom.se/virtupload/reports/rm2002_02.pdf The accident report from the Swedish Accident Investigation Board (in Swedish)]</ref><ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, November 1999, Number 140, pages 77-78.</ref>
*10 December – A [[United States Air Force]] [[C-130E Hercules]], ''63-7854'', of 61st Airlift Squadron, 463rd Airlift Group, crashes during landing at Ahmed Al Jaber air base, [[Kuwait City]], [[Kuwait]] killing three of the 94 people on board. Investigation report, released 31 March 2000, blamed crew complacency and failure to follow governing directives during approach to the runway, failing to monitor [[Flight instruments|instruments]], a critical function for night flying in reduced visibility.<ref>Stamford, Lincs., U.K.: Air Forces Monthly, compiled by Dave Allport, June 2000, Number 171, page 76.</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft, pre-1950]]
*[[List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft, 1950-1974]]
*[[List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft, 2000 -]]
*[[List of C-130 Hercules crashes]]


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.ocremix.org/composer/id/507/jochen-hippel/ Composer profile] at [[OverClocked ReMix]]
* [http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/defense/?channel=defense] AVIATION WEEK
*[http://thalion.atari.org/music/music.html Bio on Thalion Webshrine]
*[http://www.planecrashinfo.com/ PlaneCrashInfo.com]
*[http://www.scramble.nl/sb.htm Dutch Scramble Website Brush and Dustpan Database]
*[http://www.myspace.com/madmaxst Myspace Fan Page]
*[http://www.atarilegend.com/games/games_search.php?individual_id=88 Listing of his work on Atari Legend]

*[http://hol.abime.net/hol_search.php?find=hippel&detail=artist Listing of his work on HOL]
==References==
[[Category:Video game composers|Hippel, Jochen]]
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Demosceners|Hippel, Jochen]]

[[Category:German musicians|Hippel, Jochen]]
{{Aviation lists}}
[[Category:Living people|Hippel]]

[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents by year| ]]
[[Category:Lists of aviation accidents and incidents| ]]


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Revision as of 09:02, 11 October 2008

Jochen Hippel (born October 14, 1971) is a musician from Kirchheimbolanden in southwest Germany. He played one of the most prominent roles in computer music during the 16-bit microcomputer era, composing the music for tens of games. He was also an experienced Amiga programmer and ported many of Thalion Software's Atari ST titles. He no longer composes music for a living and in 2006 he was working in Logistics for Matheis+Koebig Baustoffe[1]

Jochen's first computer music was a set of Christmas songs that he arranged in a rock style on his school's Commodore 64.

As a member of The Exceptions, using the handle Mad Max, he wrote most of the music for their demos including the B.I.G. Demo (Best In Galaxy). The demo was essentially a large collection of C64 tunes that The Exceptions ported across to the Atari ST's inferior Yamaha YM2149 sound chip using his own driver to get the most out of it. Jochen then had to fix all the music in order to get it to sound correct on the ST, the YM2149 has no resonance filter, no ADSR enveloping, no ring modulation. Composers such as Rob Hubbard used a lot of special effects in his music which were difficult to replicate on the ST sound chip.

Another note of interest is that the B.I.G. demo contained an additional demo screen entitled "The Digital Department" containing 6 digital versions of C64 music. The sound routine however used each channel of the YM2149 as a 4-bit DAC and played samples for each instrument. This is the first time ADSR samples are heard on the Atari ST, unfortunately only one more piece of music is ever written using this routine, albeit the 16 minute long Knuckle Busters tune by Rob Hubbard. This appears as a guest screen in the Cuddly Demos (written by The Carebears) and was used to torment Richard Karsmakers of ST News who was promptly chained to a chair as the disk was formatted before his very eyes!


He worked as a freelance musician, doing music for many 16-bit games. He eventually joined Thalion Software and wrote music for them. His musical track for the game Amberstar is considered among his best works, and the game and Hippel's music acquired a cult following. For in game music on the Amiga Jochen often stuck to chiptune-like sound - that became his trademark - instead of using more "realistic" instrument sounds that machine's support for digitized sound made possible. This was usually down to the lack of memory available. Title music for games where a different matter using real instruments and often contained sampled speech examples of which are Wings of Death and Lethal Xcess.

He has released an album called Give it a Try and has composed music for other albums including tracks on Immortal 2 and Immortal 3[2].

A little known fact is that Hippel was also a good programmer, he created all of his own music tools and also ported most of Thalion's early Atari ST titles to the Commodore Amiga. Hippel also created the Amiga 7 voice replay routine which was used in several Thalion and Eclipse titles and later used by Chris Hülsbeck in his TFMX replay routine for the title music of Turrican 2 and Turrican 3 for which he wrote the in game loading music.

Video Game Music

Games without an explicit platform noted next to them indicate Jochen did both the Commodore Amiga and Atari ST versions.

Data Provided by Hall of Light, Atari Legend and Lemon Amiga games databases.

External links

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