Çavuşçu Gölü
| Çavuşçu Lake | ||
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| Çavuşçu Gölü, view from the south side near Ilgın. | ||
| Geographical location | Konya Province , Turkey | |
| Tributaries | Doğanhisar çayi, Çebişli çayı, Çığıl deresi, Deliköyboğazı deresi and Bulcuk çayı | |
| Drain | Ilgun kanalı | |
| Location close to the shore | Ilgın, Çavuşçugöl, Yorazlar | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 38 ° 21 '2 " N , 31 ° 52' 37" E | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 1019 m | |
| surface | 9 km² | |
| length | 7.2 km | |
| width | 3.6 km | |
| Maximum depth | 10 m | |
| Middle deep | 2 m | |
The Çavuşçu Gölü or Ilgın Gölü (Çavuşçu Lake, Ilgın Lake) is a freshwater lake in the district (Turkish: ilçe ) Ilgın of the Turkish province of Konya . The lake was declared a historical and cultural asset worthy of special protection in 1992 (Turkish: Arkeolojik sit ).
geography
Because the lake is subject to strong evaporation, its surface fluctuates. The average size is given by the Turkish statistical office with an area of 9 km², the maximum surface is 27 km². Other sources give a lake size of only 3.1 km². Before the lake was used hydrologically , the average surface was 5 km².
The lake is of tectonic origin. Its tributaries are Doğanhisar çayi , Çığıl deresi , Bulcuk çayı , Çebişli çayı and Deliköyboğazı deresi . It is surrounded by a swamp area. The information about the height above sea level is also unclear: they vary from a height of 1019 m, 1026 m, 1109 m. The depth of the lake is 2 to 10 meters. In the cold seasons the lake is frozen over.
In the west is the hot water source Açık Ilıca (German: the open spa ). The Yorazlar çeşmesi cold water fountain in the southeast is valued by the locals as a healing spring.
flora
The vegetation around the lake consists of several small-growing types of reed from the Phragmites genus , with the reed ( Phragmites australis ) being the most common.
In 1960–1977, the area around the lake was partially planted with trees, but not very successfully. In 2001 more trees were planted on the east bank.
fauna
The lake is known as an important resting and nesting place for birds. It also contains endemic fish species.
Birds
There is a large population of terns ( Sterna hirundo ) on the lake, next to it were among other Whiskered Terns ( Chlidonias hybrida ), moustached warbler ( Acrocephalus melanopogon ), Black Tern ( Chlidonias niger ), white storks ( Ciconia ciconia ), Pochard ( Netta rufina ) and gray geese ( Anser anser ) sighted. You can find a lot of birds, especially in winter. In the winter of 1969, 100,121 water birds were counted.
Fish and crabs
The “most famous” fish in Çavuşçu Gölü is the Cobitis turcica , which is only found here and in some lakes in the vicinity. It belongs to the family of the wolffish ( Cobitidae ) and is acutely threatened with extinction. Two other endemic fish species are the Pseudophoxinus anatolicus from the carp family and the Mediterranean carp fish Aphanius villwocki , which are also threatened with extinction. The common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ), which is bred in the lake, is the most common, as is the Galician crayfish ( Astacus leptodactylus ).
Environmental damage
The once natural lake was transformed into a reservoir in 1960 by the state water authority DSI . The original outflow from the lake to the Sarkaya was cut off and a canal-like outlet was created on the southeast bank. The inflow of the streams was greatly reduced by the installation of irrigation systems. Several thousand hectares of the wetlands around the lake have been drained and put to agricultural use. As a result, the water balance of the lake was unbalanced and it shrank. The swamps in the north bank area, called Kurugöl , dried up and were converted into agricultural land. Because of the extraction of too much water to irrigate the surrounding fields, the lake threatened to dry out several times. In recent years, attempts have been made to keep the lake's water level constant.
Economical meaning
The lake is primarily used to irrigate the surrounding fields. Today a total of 22,000 km² of land is irrigated with the water of Lake Çavuşçu in the Ilgın Ovasi and Atşa Ovasi . Above all, cereals are grown.
The fishing industry is also important. Thus carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) and the Galician crayfish ( Astacus leptodactylus ) grown in the Se. In 1987, 50 tons of carp and 80 tons of crabs were caught. Unfortunately, current figures are not available.
The Çavuşçu Gölü does not play a role in tourism. There is the popular local recreation area Şarampol tepe on the south bank , a 25 to 75 m high elevation that is mainly used by the residents of Ilgın.
In 1995, feasibility studies were carried out for the construction of a thermal power station north of the former Kurugöl near Çavuşçugöl. A construction has not yet taken place.
Individual evidence
- ↑ TÜIK : SU ÜRÜNLERİ İSTATİSTİKLERİ Fishery Statistics 2008. P. 55 ISSN 1013-6177 ( turkstat.gov.tr PDF).
- ↑ Map page
- ↑ a b c turkiyesulakalanlari.com ( Memento from May 19, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Nature community ( Memento from May 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) p. 40 (Turkish).