Oil spill ship

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Oil spill vessels are special vessels that serve to pick up oils floating on the surface of the water and to separate them from the water.

Multipurpose ship Neuwerk in Cuxhaven

design type

In addition to the size and area of ​​application (port, river, sea), oil spill vessels are built with different principles for oil absorption. Folding ships like the Bottsand-class ships or the Thor enlarge the pick-up area by opening the ship at the bow.

Ships with a catamaran design like the Westensee or with a catamaran foredeck like the Knechtsand or MPOSS have a larger width for skimming off the water-oil mixture.

Another common construction are floating arms that can be swiveled out from the oil spill ship and guide the oil floating on the water surface to the ship, where it is roughly separated from the water according to the principle of a weir . In the case of more complex constructions, the swivel arms contain integrated oil skimmers . This principle is mainly used in multi-purpose vessels such as B. the Neuwerk stationed by the federal government on Heligoland and the multi-purpose and water protection ship Mellum application.

Oil separation

The actual separation of the oil from the water takes place in several stages in the ship by rotating oil-adsorbing rollers or brushes with appropriate oil scrapers. Downstream are heated settling tanks and separators , which reliably separate the oil from the water at higher temperatures. Heatable tanks are important in which the separated oil is heated and collected until it is released. The heavy oil in the oil slick, known as bunker oil and mainly used as fuel, has a high viscosity and usually cannot be pumped at ambient temperatures.

Jurisdiction

In the national area, the use of oil spill-fighting ships is one of the tasks of the average command in Cuxhaven. The European Agency for the Safety of Maritime Transport EMSA is responsible in the field of oil pollution by ships, tracking of ship accidents and their resulting oil spills.

Web links

Commons : Oil Spill Vessels  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Mposs. Picture and tech. Data. Bugsier-, Reederei- und Bergungsgesellschaft , accessed on January 6, 2019 .
  2. ^ European Maritime Safety Agency .