Mohammad Ali Jamalzade

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Mohammad Ali Jamalzade, 1915

Mohammad Ali Dschamālzāde or Dschamālsādeh (also Djamalzadeh or Jamalzade , Persian محمدعلی جمال‌زاده, DMG Moḥammad-ʿAlī Ǧamāl-Zāde ; * January 13, 1892 in Isfahan ; † November 8, 1997 in Geneva ) was an Iranian author and lawyer .

Life

Reza Tarbiat, Hassan Taqizadeh , Mohammad Ali Jamalzade in the editorial office of Kaveh (from left)

Jamālzāde was the son of a Shiite clergyman who campaigned for political reforms, in particular for a constitutional or parliamentary monarchy, and was executed in 1908. Shortly before, Mohammad Ali Jamālzāde went to Beirut in 1908 , where he attended a Catholic school and began studying law after graduating from high school; from 1910 he studied law in Lyon and Dijon . In 1914 he stayed in western Iran, where he fought as a partisan against Turkish, English and Russian troops. In 1915 he came to Germany as a refugee. With a group of Iranian intellectuals, including Seyyed Hassan Taqizadeh , he edited the magazine Kaveh , which is considered to be one of the best exile newspapers ever published. Together with other exiled Iranians, he founded the German-Persian Society on January 29, 1917 . V. From 1916 to 1930 he worked at the Iranian Embassy in Berlin , from 1931 to 1958 at the International Labor Office in Geneva .

Jamālzāde is considered the father of modern Persian prose , since he introduced prose narration into contemporary Iranian literature with the publication of his first work, Yeki Bud Yeki Nabud (corresponding to " Once upon a time , once upon a time"). With a few exceptions (such as the Gulistan von Saadi ), Iranian fiction was dominated by poetry, while prose was reserved for specialist literature (theology, historiography, etc.). Jamālzāde also sets himself apart from this in that he “looks the people in the mouth” and uses everyday language in the dialogues of his stories.

Works (selection)

  • Yeki Bud Yeki Nabud . Berlin 1921. (Once upon a time) Collection of 6 short stories.
    • from it: a political personality. (Translated by Touradj Rahnema) In: die horen 26 (1981), 2, pp. 52-61
  • Sahraye Mahshar . 1947.
  • Talch o-Shirin . 1955. (bitter and sweet)
  • Kohne wa-nou . 1959. (old and new)
  • Gheir az Choda hitschkas nabud . 1961. (... no one was there except God (fairy tale))
  • Aseman o-Risman . 1965.
  • Ghessehā-ye kutāh barāye Batschehā-ye rishdār . 1974. (Short fairy tales for bearded (adult) children)
  • Ghesse-ye mā beh āchar resid . 1979. (Our fairy tale has now come to an end)

(The beginning of every fairy tale reads: Yeki bud o yeki nabud, gheir az Choda hitschkas nabud ... - literally: "One was there and one wasn't there, except God ...")

Works in German translation
  • In the garden of the Haji. Persian stories. Published by Touradj Rahnema. Frankfurt: dipa 1993. This collection contains the six stories from Yeki Bud Yeki Nabud . T. shortened.
Works in English translation
  • Once Upon A Time ( Yeki Bud Yeki Nabud ). Translated by Heshmat Moayyad and Paul Sprachmann. Boulder, Colorado 1985.
  • Isfahan Is Half the World: Memories of a Persian Boyhood (Princeton Library of Asian Translations). Princeton, 1986.
Works in French translation
  • Choix de Nouvelles . Traduit by Stella Corbin and Hassan Lofti. Collection Unesco D'Auteurs Contemporains. Société d'Édition Les Belles Lettres. Paris 1959.
Translations of European works
  • Friedrich Schiller: Wilhelm Tell. Persian translation. Tehran 1970.

literature

Web links

Commons : Mohammad Ali Jamalzade  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Image documents

  • Mohammad Ali Jamalzade while working with Kaveh in Berlin, 1916

  • Kaveh Volume 1, Issue 1–17, Berlin 1916

  • Kaveh Volume 2, Issue 18–24, Berlin, 1917

  • Kaveh Volume 3, Issue 25–33, Berlin, 1918

  • Kaveh Volume 4, Issue 34–35, Berlin, 1919

  • Kaveh Volume 5, Issue 1–12, Berlin, 1920

  • Kaveh Volume 6, Issue 1–12, Berlin, 1921

personal data
SURNAME Jamalzade, Mohammad Ali
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jamālzāde, Mohammad Ali; Jamalsadeh, Mohammad Ali; Jamalzade, Mohammad Ali; Djamalzadeh, Mohammad Ali; Persian محمدعلی جمالزاده
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Iranian author and lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH January 13, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Isfahan
DATE OF DEATH November 8, 1997
Place of death Geneva