.30-30 Winchester
| .30-30 Winchester | |
|---|---|
|
|
| general information | |
| caliber | .30-30 Winchester (R) |
| Sleeve shape | Rim cartridge |
| Dimensions | |
| Sleeve shoulder ⌀ | 9.85 mm |
| Sleeve neck ⌀ | 8.33 mm |
| Floor ⌀ | 7.85 mm |
| Cartridge bottom ⌀ | 12.62 mm |
| Sleeve length | 51.55 mm |
| Cartridge length | 63.5 mm |
| Weights | |
| Bullet weight | 9.72-10.4 g |
| Technical specifications | |
| Speed v 0 | 728-732 m / s |
| Max. Gas pressure | > 3000 bar |
| Bullet energy E 0 | 2576-2774 J. |
| Lists on the subject | |
The .30-30 Winchester cartridge was launched in 1895. It was intended for the Winchester Model 1894 lever action rifle and is still one of the most widely used hunting cartridges in the USA today. The .30-30 is a center fire cartridge and one of the first cartridges made with smokeless powder for civilian use.
history
The Winchester Repeating Arms Company first launched the Model 1894 rifle and carbine in .32-40 and .38-55 calibers, both gunpowder cartridges. With the advent of improved steel alloys and the sturdy locking mechanism of the Model 1894 breech developed by John Moses Browning , the time was ripe for the civil use of smokeless powder cartridges. Winchester then launched the .30-30 and its related .25-35 Winchester and in 1901 the .32 Winchester Special . The barrel of the Winchester rifles for these smokeless cartridges was labeled -MODEL 94-WINCHESTER-NICKEL STEEL-TRADE MARK- .
All .30-30 cartridges and their variants were purely rifle cartridges, in contrast to the shorter .44-40 WCF , .38-40 WCF , .32-20 WCF and .25-20 Winchester cartridges for the Winchester rifle Model 1892, which, with the exception of the .25-20, can also be fired in revolvers .
After other manufacturers such as Savage also offered weapons in this caliber with the Model 99, the .30-30 quickly became a bestseller in the USA and has remained so to this day.
The success of the cartridge is reflected in the sales of the Winchester Model 1894 rifles. Between 1894 and 1941 the number of weapons sold per caliber was:
- .30-30 = 857.613
- .32 Sp = 101.423
- .25-35 = 16,581
- .32-40 = 12.186
- .38-55 = 12.197
The original designation of the cartridge was .30 WCF, the -30 was added by Marlin , a competitor, who was not interested in having to put the name of his rival on his rifles. Technically, as was still the case at the end of the black powder era, the -30 refers to the approximate powder weight of a smokeless nitro powder in grains. 30 grains correspond to just under 2 g.
technology
The bullets were initially made from lead . Today full jacket, partial jacket (soft point) and hollow point bullets are available. Since a large part of the weapons offered for the cartridge are lever action rifles with a tubular magazine , the projectiles must be round or flattened at the front in order to avoid self-ignition of the cartridges lined up in the magazine. The bottle neck sleeves have a groove just above the edge for better engagement of the extractor. The cartridge is manufactured with different bullet weights and ballistic data:
- with a bullet weight of 7.1 g (110 grain) a Vo of 830 m / s and an Eo of 2390 J is achieved:
- at 8.4 g (130 grain) it is 761 m / s and 2439 J;
- at 11 g (170 grain) it is 679 m / s and 2539 J.
Bullets weighing 9.7 g (150 grain) are also common.
literature
- George Madis: The Winchester Handbook . Art & Reference House, Brownsboro, TX 1981, ISBN 0-910156-04-2 .
- George Madis: The Winchester Book . Taylor Publishing Company, Dallas TX 1971, ISBN 0-910156-03-4 .
- Norm Flayderman: Flayderman's Guide to Antique Firearms . Krause Publications, Iola, WI 2001, ISBN 0-87349-313-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reloading: Preparation and Practice . 5th edition. DEVA, 2005, ISBN 3-00-016629-7 , pp. 308 .