7.62 × 45 mm
| 7.62 × 45 mm | |
|---|---|
|
|
| general information | |
| caliber | 7.62 × 45 mm |
| Sleeve shape | Bottle neck sleeve, rimless |
| Dimensions | |
| Sleeve shoulder ⌀ | 10.75 mm |
| Sleeve neck ⌀ | 8.51 mm |
| Floor ⌀ | 7.80 mm |
| Cartridge bottom ⌀ | 11.20 mm |
| Sleeve length | 44.90 mm |
| Cartridge length | 59.19 mm |
| Weights | |
| Bullet weight | 8.40 g |
| Powder weight | 1.75 g |
| total weight | 18.70 g |
| Technical specifications | |
| Speed v 0 | 745 m / s |
| Bullet energy E 0 | 2331 J. |
| Lists on the subject | |
The 7.62 × 45 mm was a Czechoslovak medium cartridge of the post-war period . Following the trend towards the middle cartridge, it was developed to replace the standard 7.92 × 57 mm cartridge and to provide ammunition that is better suited for self-loading weapons. In the course of standardization under the Warsaw Treaty , the Soviet M 43 was also introduced as standard ammunition in the ČSSR and the 7.62 × 45 mm M 52 was retired from 1957.
development
As early as during the Second World War, the Zbrojovka Brno under the German occupation regime, along with weapons and other ammunition, produced the 7.92 × 33 mm (PP 43) short cartridge . After the liberation of Czechoslovakia by the Red Army, the Czech designers also came into contact with the relatively new Soviet medium cartridge 7.62 × 39 mm (M 43). In the post-war Czechoslovakia the decision was made to develop a new infantry weapon system, which should consist of a self-loading carbine and a light machine-gun, both of which should use the newly developed medium cartridge.
Based on the experience with the German and Soviet medium cartridges as well as rifle cartridges, it was decided that the new cartridge should have a higher performance. Accordingly, a case length 6 mm longer than that of the Soviet M 43 was chosen. The higher weight was accepted.
The prototype of the new cartridge was available to the weapon designers in 1950 and was sold in 1952 together with the rifle vz. 52 and the IMG vz. 52 included in the structural armament of the Czechoslovak army as M 52 .
Services
| cartridge | PP 43 | M 43 | M 52 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caliber (mm) | 7.92 × 33 | 7.62 × 39 | 7.62 × 45 |
| Mass (g) | 16.7 | 16.5 | 18.7 |
| Bullet mass (g) | 6.95 | 7.90 | 8.40 |
| Powder charge (g) | 1.40 | 1.40 | 1.75 |
| v 0 (m / s) | 650 | 710 | 745 |
| Muzzle energy (J) | 1468 | 1991 | 2311 |
Further developments
Several years after the Second World War, the trend was towards smaller calibers (the USA introduced the later NATO standard ammunition 5.56 × 45 mm during the Vietnam War , the Soviet Union followed in the early 1970s with the 5.45 × 39 mm M 74 ), the military all over the world found at the beginning of the 1990s that the soldiers were now able to carry a larger supply of ammunition, but the small-caliber ammunition in certain tactical situations, especially during battles in enclosed spaces Area that did not have the required penetration power. This sparked the caliber discussion again and led to developments in the USA such as the 6.5 mm Grendel or 6.8 mm SPC , which were placed between the small-caliber standard ammunition and its predecessor 7.62 × 51 mm NATO , but did not prevail. The focus here was on the overall length of the cartridge and the cartridge base, the dimensions of which corresponded to those of the 5.56 mm ammunition, so that the STANAG magazines could continue to be used.
In the search for the optimal infantry cartridge, the Czech 7.62 × 45 came back into focus in the 2000s. It was used by Chris Murray , one of the developers of the 6.8 mm SPC, as the basis for the development of a new cartridge, the 7 × 46 mm . A 7 mm bullet had the best final performance, ie energy transfer to the target. Without limiting the overall length, this cartridge should have the optimal balance between weight, effectiveness and ballistics.
literature
- Günter Wollert, Reiner Lidschun, Wilfried Copenhagen : small arms . (1945-1985). In: Illustrated encyclopedia of rifles from around the world . 5th edition. tape 1 + 2 . Brandenburgisches Verlagshaus, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-89488-057-0 , p. 86-87, 191-193 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Steve Johnson: 7x46mm UIAC (Universal Intermediate Assault Cartridge). In: thefirearmblog.com. April 7, 2010, accessed January 5, 2016 .
- ↑ Thomas P. Ehrhart: Increasing Small Arms Lethality in Afghanistan: Taking Back the Infantry Half-Kilometer. (PDF, 1.13MB) School of Advanced Military Studies United States Army Command and General Staff College, 2009, accessed January 5, 2016 .
Web links
- tabical-en-page48.pdf. (Pdf, 109 kB) In: cip-bobp.org. Retrieved January 5, 2016 (English, CIP cartridge data).