7.92 x 33 mm
| 7.92 x 33 mm | |
|---|---|
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| general information | |
| caliber | 7.92 x 33 mm |
| Sleeve shape | Bottle neck sleeve, rimless with pull-out groove |
| Dimensions | |
| Sleeve shoulder ⌀ | 11.45 mm |
| Sleeve neck ⌀ | 9.02 mm |
| Floor ⌀ | 8.23 mm |
| Cartridge bottom ⌀ | 11.95 mm |
| Sleeve length | 33.00 mm |
| Cartridge length | 48.00 mm |
| Weights | |
| Bullet weight | 8.1 g |
| Powder weight | 1.57 g |
| total weight | 16.70 g |
| Technical specifications | |
| Speed v 0 | Max. 690 m / s |
| Max. Gas pressure | 3,400 bar |
| Bullet energy E 0 | Max. 1,928 y |
| Lists on the subject | |
The 7.92 × 33 mm short (also known as pistol cartridge 43 ) was specially developed for the German machine carbine 42 , which was later developed into the assault rifle 44 . The 7.92 × 33 mm was designed as a compromise between the 7.92 × 57 mm rifle ammunition and the 9 × 19 mm pistol ammunition, which is also evident from the name medium cartridge.
history
The development of a new infantry weapon commissioned by the Heereswaffenamt (HWA) began with the development of a cartridge with reduced power, which should be effective at distances of up to 1000 meters. The HWA turned its attention to the Magdeburger Patronenfabrik Polte , in which a cartridge in caliber 7.92 × 30 mm was designed in 1938 , which had a 3.7 gram bullet that developed a high muzzle velocity . As a result of the contract between Polte and the Army Command, numerous tests were carried out with short 7.92 mm cartridges, which in 1941 resulted in the development of a 7.92 × 33 mm cartridge with a 8.2 g bullet and a muzzle velocity of 694 m / s ended.
The original requirements for a weapon for such medium cartridges , which had existed since 1923, were revised after research from 1935 to 1937, and so in 1938 the concept for a light automatic weapon was created, which was to replace the carbine , the submachine gun and partially the MG .
The new ammunition was developed to obtain a smaller cartridge for assault rifles . The previous standard ammunition for rifles, 7.92 × 57 mm, was already used in the Parachute Rifle 42 , but it turned out to be too powerful to be used in fully automatic rifles with high cadence. Such weapons are difficult to control due to the recoil of the said cartridge. The 9 × 19 mm, on the other hand, was too weak to get an effective range. With the new medium cartridge, material essential to the war effort was saved at the same time, especially since the ballistic capabilities of the longer, powerful standard cartridge 7.92 × 57 mm were seldom used by the shooter anyway.
Since brass was considered a “fuel economy” in Germany due to its import-heavy components, the sleeve of the 7.92 × 33 mm short was made of steel . Since steel is less elastic than brass, the shape and design of the sleeve had to be adapted to the physical conditions of its material. The case is strongly conical in order to reduce the pull-out resistance from the cartridge chamber and thus to ensure the reliability of the weapons used. Due to this conical taper, the cartridges in the magazine had to be rearranged, which is why a curved magazine was created. The short cartridge cases are also painted to avoid rust that is typical of steel.
With the end of the Second World War, the production of ammunition in Germany was initially stopped. However, since the assault rifle 44 was still used by various armies, production has resumed in some countries. The 7.92 × 33 mm is currently still being manufactured at the Prvi Partizan factory in Užice , Serbia and by Graf & Sons Inc. in the USA. The SM Chemnitzer Sportwaffen- und Munitionsfabrik GmbH no longer produces the cartridge.
weapons
The ammunition was designed for a completely newly developed fully automatic rifle. Two weapons were designed - the machine carbine 42 (H) by CG Haenel and the machine carbine 42 (W) by Walther . Haenel's weapon turned out to be the more practical of the two. Further improved, the well-known assault rifle 44 was later developed from it.
The assault rifle 45 equipped with a roller lock - a later alternative to the assault rifle 44 that was optimized in terms of production time and manufacturing costs - did not go beyond a small series (30 pieces until May 1945), but formed the basis for post-war weapons from CETME and Heckler & Koch .
In addition, the ammunition was also used in the Volkssturmgewehr VG 1-5 and in a special production of the G43 with its own magazine.
literature
- Dieter Kapell: The German short cartridge 7.92 × 33. Books on Demand, Norderstedt April 2007, ISBN 978-3-8334-7957-1 .
- Dieter Kapell: assault rifle cartridge 7.92 × 33. Schlaubetal-Verlag Kühl, Müllrose December 2009, ISBN 978-3-941085-75-6 .
- Rolf Fuchs, Martin Niehues: Stabilizer Depletion in Single Base Propellant from Unexploded Ordnance . In: Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. doi : 10.1002 / prep.201500196
Individual evidence
- ↑ Development overview for the 7.92 × 33 mm cartridge from 1941 to 1945. (Accessed December 18, 2009) ( Memento from January 21, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Technical drawings (historical) of the variants of the manufacturer Polte for the cartridge 7.92 × 33 mm and their projectiles. (accessed on December 18, 2009) ( Memento from January 7, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Rifle Ammunition. ( Memento of January 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), PRVI PARTIZAN AMMUNITION, 2006, accessed January 18, 2009
- ^ The Weapons: Assault Rifles. ( Memento of October 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Lebanese Forces, accessed January 18, 2009
- ↑ Matthew Moss: Gewehr 43 Chambered in 7.92 × 33mm short. In: Historical Firearms. Retrieved May 8, 2020 .