Anti-tank rifle model 1935
| Model P35 | |
|---|---|
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| general information | |
| Military designation: | Model P35, karabin przeciwpancerny wz. 35, PzB770 (p) |
| Country of operation: | Poland , German Empire |
| Developer / Manufacturer: | Tadeusz Felsztyn, Jósef Maroszek / Warsaw rifle factory |
| Manufacturer country: | Poland |
| Production time: | 1937 to 1939 |
| Weapon Category: | Anti-tank rifle |
| Furnishing | |
| Overall length: | 1760 mm |
| Weight: (unloaded) | 9.50 kg |
| Sight length : | 300 mm |
| Barrel length : | 1200 mm |
| Technical specifications | |
| Caliber : | 7.92 × 107 mm P35 |
| Possible magazine fillings : | 3 cartridges |
| Cadence : | 6 rounds / min |
| Fire types: | singles |
| Number of trains : | 6th |
| Twist : | right |
| Visor : | open sights |
| Closure : | Chamber lock |
| Charging principle: | Multiple loaders |
| Lists on the subject | |
The anti- tank rifle model 1935 ( Polish Karabin przeciwpancerny "UR" wzór 35 ) was an anti- tank rifle in caliber 7.92 × 107 mm from Polish production.
development
From the beginning of the 1930s, the weapon was developed by a team of designers based on experience with the tank rifle 18 and the production of Mauser weapons in caliber 7.92 × 57 mm (Karabiner 98a, Gewehr 98 and Karabiner M1929) established in Poland after the First World War. as well as the corresponding ammunition factories under the direction of Lieutenant Colonel Dr. Tadeusz Felsztyn and engineer Jósef Maroszek. When the official development order was issued in 1935, the weapon was already at an advanced stage of development and so the first attempts could already be made in autumn 1935.
The first prototypes suffered from enormous barrel wear , due to the high muzzle velocity of around 1250 m / s, the service life was a maximum of 20 rounds. In the tests, the designers experimented with different materials for barrel and bullet in order to find the optimal pairing and were able to increase the service life of the barrels to around 300 rounds, which was considered sufficient. The muzzle velocity of the series weapons was 1275 m / s.
On November 25, 1935, the anti-tank rifle was recommended for use in the armament of the Polish army and went into production. In December, 5 rifles with three reserve barrels each and a total of 5000 rounds of ammunition were ordered for field tests.
The troop tests were carried out in the Rembertów infantry training center and produced positive results.
Serial production
After the troop tests were completed, the Warsaw state rifle factory was commissioned to produce series. Up to May 1937, 1000 pieces were required, but this could not be guaranteed. Nonetheless, serial production started in full during the year and so the army was able to dispose of 2000 units in October 1938. In August 1939 the troops received around 3,500 units, and more were stored in the arsenals as strategic reserves.
A total of 7610 units were produced, each unit consisted of an anti-tank rifle, three reserve barrels and three loaded magazines with nine rounds of ammunition, which were stored in sealed boxes. The seal could only be broken on the order of the Polish Minister of War .
technology
The weapon corresponds to the Gewehr 98 , the chamber and the bolt lock have been adapted to the larger and stronger cartridge. The rifle is secured with a ring at the end of the bolt , with which the firing pin can be tightened again. The exchangeable magazine holds three cartridges. The very long barrel has six trains with a right twist. The muzzle brake absorbs up to 65% of the recoil , the felt recoil is only slightly stronger than that of a 7.92 mm carabiner. Furthermore, the weapon has a detachable and foldable bipod and - due to the very flat trajectory of the rapid projectile - a fixed aiming device.
The barrel can be changed under combat conditions.
Penetration performance
The weapon projectile penetrated 22 mm armor steel at a distance of 50 m and from 300 m at a 30 ° angle of impact still 15 mm. From 1940 onwards, this was no longer sufficient to successfully combat tanks that had meanwhile become thicker.
commitment
Poland
Until the beginning of the Second World War , the existence of the weapon was largely kept secret and the shooters were trained in secret courses from July 1938. Structurally, each infantry division should have 92 units in stock in order to provide the infantrymen with close combat anti-tank means . Three snipers were to be trained for each company or squadron , plus the weapons masters and the superiors from the company commander to the division commander . The entire group of people was bound to the strictest confidentiality. Because of this, the existence of the weapon in the Polish army was largely unknown when the war broke out, and even the intended shooters only had knowledge and experience with the weapon in exceptional cases.
Therefore, the anti-tank rifle was rarely used in defensive battles against the German Wehrmacht . Nothing is known of any kills.
Germany
Most of the M1935 anti-tank rifles were captured by the Wehrmacht in unused condition in the arsenals . Due to the lack of anti-tank rifles, the weapons were taken over as Panzerbüchse 35 (p) and immediately given to their own troops. The official name of the Heereswaffenamt was PzB 770 (p). The performance and possible uses corresponded to those of the anti-tank rifles 38 and 39 .
Italy
In 1940 the German Reich sold 800 units of the rifle to Italy, which were used there until the end of the war.
literature
- Günter Wollert, Reiner Lidschun: Infantry weapons yesterday (1918–1945) . In: Illustrated encyclopedia of infantry weapons from around the world . 3. Edition. tape 2 . Brandenburgisches Verlagshaus, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-89488-036-8 , weapons, p. 375-376 .
- Günter Wollert, Reiner Lidschun: Infantry weapons yesterday (1918–1945) . In: Illustrated encyclopedia of infantry weapons from around the world . 3. Edition. tape 1 . Brandenburgisches Verlagshaus, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-89488-036-8 , cartridges, p. 81 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kb wz.35 (Marosczek) - Anti-Tank Rifle (ATR) / Anti-Material Rifle (AMR) - History, Specs and Pictures - Military, Security and Civilian Guns. In: militaryfactory.com. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .