7.5 × 55 mm Swiss

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7.5 × 55 mm Swiss
GP11.jpg
general information
caliber 7.5 x 55 mm
Sleeve shape Bottle neck sleeve , rimless with pull-out groove
Dimensions
Sleeve shoulder ⌀ 11.6 mm
Sleeve neck ⌀ 8.58 mm
Floor ⌀ 7.77 mm
Cartridge bottom ⌀ 12.65 mm
Sleeve length 55.60 mm
Cartridge length 77.7 mm
Weights
Bullet weight 11.3-12.3 g
Technical specifications
Speed ​​v 0 805 (max.) M / s
Max. Gas pressure 3800 bar
Bullet energy E 0 3178 J.
Lists on the subject

The rifle cartridge 7.5 × 55 mm Swiss is a center fire cartridge and was the standard ammunition of the Swiss Army for personal weapons from 1911 to 1994 and is still used today for various machine guns that have been introduced. Since there was no international standardization of the designations at the time of introduction, 7.5 mm Schmidt Rubin and also 7.5 mm M1911 or Swiss Ordonance are used for the designation. The standard cartridge with the full jacket bullet is referred to in the Swiss Army as the rifle cartridge 11 (Gw Pat 11) or GP 11. After an interruption in production of 22 years, the cartridge has been manufactured by RUAG again for the needs of the army since 2016 .

history

Cartridge dimensions of the 7.5 × 55 mm Swiss

The forerunner of the 7.5 × 55 mm Swiss cartridge (Gw Pat 11) was the 7.5 × 53.5 mm cartridge ( Gw Pat 1890 ) developed by Eduard Rubin in 1889 .

Various development steps led to the rifle cartridge 11 (GP 11) in 1911, which was introduced together with the rifle model 1911 developed by Rudolf Schmidt .

The 7.5 × 55 mm Swiss (GP 11) cartridge was manufactured in the ammunition factories in Altdorf and Thun (today RUAG ), and very early on in Rotenburg and Solothurn as well as other places. Production for the army was discontinued from 1994 to 2015, as the new assault rifle 90 uses a helvetized version (also called Gw Pat 90, like the forerunner of the GP 11) of the 5.56 × 45 mm NATO caliber and is still sufficient for corps weapons Ammunition lies in stores. From 2016, a modernized GP 11 with the same performance data will be produced on behalf of the army in Thun. The ammunition was handed over to the troops in black tar-coated "ammunition cases" or "cachons".

Cartridges in this caliber are also produced in small series for sport shooters. Such regular production start- ups by Norma Precision and RUAG Ammotec are known. Their projectile structure does not correspond to that of the GP 11, but these cartridges are specifically optimized for Swiss weapons in caliber 7.5 mm.

Use of weapons

The cartridge 7.5 × 55mm Swiss (GP 11) was originally in the following Ordonnanzwaffen the Swiss Army use:

Today it is still in use with the Pz Mg 87, Pz Kuppel Mg 87, Pz Mg 51/71 and other weapons on various armored vehicles, including the armored personnel carrier 2000, as well as by the police in the all-purpose launcher. In addition, the cartridge is used for sporting orderly rifle shooting in various disciplines. Furthermore, carbines 31 and 11 converted for hunting are also widespread in Switzerland. Of Blaser hunting rifles GmbH , PPU Prvi Partizan in Uzice and Norma Precision AB different versions is made in caliber 7.5 × 55mm Swiss hunting ammunition.

Designations

7.5 × 55 mm Swiss cutaway model with boxer ignition
  • 7.5 × 55 Suisse (official CIP definition of May 2, 2002 for civil applications)
  • 7.5 × 55 mm Swiss
  • 7.5 × 55 mm Switzerland
  • 7.5 × 55 mm Schmidt ruby
  • 7.5 × 55 mm Swiss orderly
  • 7.5 x 55 mm
  • GP 11 (rifle cartridge 11)

Technical details

ignition

The Gw Pat 11 ignites with Berdan primers . Civilian productions outside of Switzerland are often made with boxer ignition .

Caliber mass

Since 1911, the orderly ammunition has changed slightly according to requirements, including the introduction of the various Mg, Stgw 57 etc. The civilian needs for hunting and sporting weapons (standard rifle) have also changed the mass. That is why in 2002 a CIP standard named "7.5 × 55 Suisse" was established for civil applications . The bullet is within the tolerances of .307 inches. Because of the only slight deviation from the 7.62 mm caliber, corresponding to .308 inch, and the easier availability, in civilian sport shooting outside of Switzerland, the somewhat larger caliber bullets are usually loaded in the cartridges. Sports shooters prefer the somewhat heavier 12.4 g Sierra Matchking bullet (equivalent to 190 g ).

Muzzle velocities

  • 750 m / s (Sturmgewehr 57)
  • 760 m / s (karabiner 11)
  • 780 m / s (carabiner 31)
  • 805 m / s (Gewehr 11)

See also

literature

  • Anton Zindel: The end of the GP 11. In: SWM (Schweizer Waffen Magazin) 11, 2012, p. 17
  • Anton Zindel: The steel sleeve production. In: SWM (Schweizer Waffen Magazin) 8, 2012, pp. 16-17
  • Anton Zindel: GP 11. Experiments with sleeves and aluminum. In: SWM (Schweizer Waffen Magazin) 7, 2012, pp. 14–15
  • Anton Zindel: The production of the GP 11. In: SWM (Schweizer Waffen Magazin) 6, 2012, pp. 14-16
  • Anton Zindel: The way to GP 11. In: SWM (Schweizer Waffen Magazin) 5, 2012, pp. 6-9
  • László Tolvaj: 100 years of GP 11. The sporting qualities of the Swiss military cartridge. In: SWM (Schweizer Waffen Magazin) 3, 2011, pp. 4–7

Web links

Commons : 7.5x55.5 Swiss GP11  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Standard sheet CIP 7.5x55 Suisse. Retrieved October 2, 2018 .
  2. Sports shooting with ordinance weapons (Visier Special 28), p. 57