Waste and recycling technology

As Waste Management are technologies and methods of waste management for the treatment of waste referred all kinds. This includes, among other things, the conveyance, processing, processing of waste and waste disposal . Waste technology is divided into waste processing technology and landfill technology , the former being divided into technologies for energy recovery and those for material recovery from waste ( recycling technology ).

Systems and logistics

Waste and recycling technology includes collection systems for different waste materials , corresponding transport systems (vehicles, etc.), the operation of the plants including waste management and the marketing of the products produced ( urban mining ).

Procedure

The waste and recycling technology makes use of it

biological ( composting , fermentation ),
mechanical ( shredding , classification , packaging ),
chemical-physical (neutralization, drying , immobilization , separation of oil-water mixtures using flocculants , decanters or centrifuges ) and
thermal processes (combustion, e.g. with grate firing , rotary kiln , fluidized bed firing or pyrolysis ),

of landfilling as well

Combinations (mechanical-biological systems ( MBT ) or processing systems ).

Waste-to-energy plants that generate energy (electricity and heat) from waste include waste incineration plants , landfill gas utilization plants , biomass power plants , biogas plants or substitute fuel power plants .

Legal framework

In Europe

The basic set of rules at the level of the European Union is the Waste Framework Directive . In addition, there are a number of regulations for certain waste streams (e.g. the WEEE directive ) and for certain disposal processes (e.g. landfill directive ).

In Germany

The most important regulation at the federal German level is the Recycling Management Act (KrWG). A number of waste or technology-specific regulations exist as sub-statutory regulations.

Waste-specific regulations (selection):

Old electrical devices (ElektroG)
Packaging (VerpackV)
End-of-life vehicles (AltfahrzeugV)
Biowaste (BioAbflV)

Technology-specific regulations (selection):

Landfill Ordinance
17. BImSchV on waste incineration plants
30. BImSchV Plants for the biological treatment of waste

literature

Recyclingtechnik , Springer Vieweg, 2nd edition, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-658-02785-8

Web links

Manufacturer of waste and recycling technology / machine and plant construction

VDMA (Association of German Mechanical and Plant Engineering eV)

Blue Competence

Blue Competence sustainability initiative

Operator of waste and recycling plants

Others

Landfill Ordinance (PDF; 298 kB)