Exhaust gas turbine
An exhaust gas turbine is a turbine that is driven by the residual pressure of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.
The main thermodynamic loss occurs in the diesel cycle , as in the Otto cycle , through unusable exhaust gas heat and residual exhaust pressure (typically 3–5 bar), which can no longer be expanded due to the geometrically limited displacement or compression ratio and with the simple one The naturally aspirated engine is discharged unused into the exhaust . The use of this residual pressure is more effective through further fluid dynamic expansion by means of an exhaust gas turbine .
The shaft power of the high-speed exhaust gas turbine can either be reduced to the crankshaft of the engine (compound or compound engine, such as the Wright R-3350 radial engine ) or directly drive a power generator for the on-board power supply, which relieves an alternator that would otherwise be driven by the crankshaft or even makes it superfluous .
However, the power obtained by the exhaust gas turbine is preferably transferred indirectly to the crankshaft via a turbocharger , in that the compressed charge air drives the piston with overpressure in the intake cycle, instead of having to work against negative pressure as in the naturally aspirated engine .
literature
- Gert Hack , Iris Langkabel: Turbo and compressor motors . 1st edition, Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-613-01950-7
- Richard van Basshuysen, Fred Schäfer: Handbook Internal Combustion Engine Basics, Components, Systems, Perspectives. 3rd edition, Friedrich Vieweg & Sohn Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden 2005, ISBN 3-528-23933-6
Web links
- Turbo charging (RP energy lexicon)
- Stationary speed turbocharging
- Exhaust gas turbine ( Memento from June 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive )