House of Representatives (Ottoman Empire)
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The Chamber of Deputies ( Ottoman هيئت مبعوثان İA Heyʾet-i Mebʿūs̲ān ) was the lower house of the Ottoman Parliament .
Under Sultan Abdülhamid II , the Chamber of Deputies was dissolved after only one and a half years and remained so for more than 30 years.
First constitutional era
The Heyet-i Mebusan reflected the distribution of the millets in the Ottoman Empire . In the second election there were 69 representatives of the Muslim Millets and 46 representatives of other Millets ( Jews , Greeks , Armenians ).
Second constitutional era
The Second Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire began shortly after the Young Turkish Revolution in 1908 restored the constitutional monarchy . This period led to the creation of numerous political groups. A series of elections during this period resulted in the gradual rise of the Committee on Unity and Progress ("KEF"). The second largest party, the Freedom and Unity Party (Liberal Union "LU", Turkish Hürriyet ve İtilâf ) was a coalition of parties led by Prince Sabahaddin . The constitutional era ended after the First World War with the occupation of Istanbul on November 13, 1918.
literature
- Aykut Kansu: Politics in Post-Revolutionary Turkey, 1908–1913 . Brill Press, Leiden 2000
- Kemal Karpat: Ottoman Past and Today's Turkey . Brill Press, Leiden 2000 (ea The Ottoman parliament of 1877 and its social significance )
- Emre Sencer: Balkan Nationalism in the Ottoman Parliament, 1908–1909 . MA Thesis (History), Ohio State University, 2000
- Les annales parlementaires ottomanes (1 volume from 1877 et 31 volumes from 1908-1920). University of Michigan Dearborne ( October 3, 2013 memento on the Internet Archive )