Abscopal effect

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The abscopal effect (Latin "ab" = not, far from and ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós) = goal, purpose ) is understood to mean the reduction in tumor mass (usually regression of metastases ) when other parts of the tumor are treated with radiation . It was first described by Mole in 1953. The mechanism of action is unknown, a systemic immunological reaction of the body against the tumor, which is triggered by the local treatment, is suspected.

This rare effect has been shown for various tumor entities, e.g. B. melanoma , multiple myeloma , hepatocellular carcinoma , esophageal carcinoma , lung carcinoma (adenocarcinoma), medullary thyroid carcinoma , Merkel cell carcinoma , cervical carcinoma , lymphoma described in case reports and experimentally z. B. researched for breast cancer (mouse model).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ RH Mole: Whole Body Irradiation — Radiobiology or Medicine? In: The British Journal of Radiology . tape 26 , no. 305 , May 1, 1953, pp. 234-241 , doi : 10.1259 / 0007-1285-26-305-234 .
  2. ↑ G. Daniel Grass, Niveditha Krishna, Sungjune Kim: The immune mechanisms of abscopal effect in radiation therapy . In: Current Problems in Cancer . tape 40 , no. 1 , February 1, 2016, p. 10-24 , doi : 10.1016 / j.currproblcancer.2015.10.003 , PMID 26612692 .
  3. ↑ C. Thallinger, G. Prager, H. Ringl, C. Zielinski: [Abscopal effect in the treatment of malignant melanoma] . In: The dermatologist ; Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allied Fields . tape 66 , no. 7 , July 1, 2015, p. 545-548 , doi : 10.1007 / s00105-014-3567-8 , PMID 25576145 .
  4. ↑ Michael A. Postow, Margaret K. Callahan, Christopher A. Barker, Yoshiya Yamada, Jianda Yuan: Immunologic correlates of the abscopal effect in a patient with melanoma . In: The New England Journal of Medicine . tape 366 , no. 10 , March 8, 2012, p. 925-931 , doi : 10.1056 / NEJMoa1112824 , PMID 22397654 , PMC 3345206 (free full text).
  5. ↑ Emily F. Stamell, Jedd D. Wolchok, Sacha Gnjatic, Nancy Y. Lee, Isaac Brownell: The abscopal effect associated with a systemic anti-melanoma immune response . In: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics . tape 85 , no. 2 , February 1, 2013, p. 293–295 , doi : 10.1016 / j.ijrobp.2012.03.017 , PMID 22560555 , PMC 3415596 (free full text).
  6. ↑ RJ Bramhall, K. Mahady, AHS Peach: Spontaneous regression of metastatic melanoma - clinical evidence of the abscopal effect . In: European Journal of Surgical Oncology: The Journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology . tape 40 , no. 1 , 2014, p. 34-41 , doi : 10.1016 / j.ejso.2013.09.026 , PMID 24139999 .
  7. ^ R. Saba, N. Saleem, D. Peace: Long-term survival consequent on the abscopal effect in a patient with multiple myeloma . In: BMJ Case Reports . 2016.
  8. ↑ Yazan Abuodeh, Puja Venkat, Sungjune Kim: Systematic review of case reports on the abscopal effect . In: Current Problems in Cancer . tape 40 , no. 1 , p. 25-37 , doi : 10.1016 / j.currproblcancer.2015.10.001 .
  9. ↑ M. Zahidunnabi Dewan, Ashley E. Galloway, Noriko Kawashima, J. Keith Dewyngaert, James S. Babb: Fractionated but not single-dose radiotherapy induces an immune-mediated abscopal effect when combined with anti-CTLA-4 antibody . In: Clinical Cancer Research . tape 15 , no. 17 , September 1, 2009, pp. 5379-5388 , doi : 10.1158 / 1078-0432.CCR-09-0265 , PMID 19706802 , PMC 2746048 (free full text).