Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī

Abū Mūsā ibn Qais al-Aschʿarī ( Arabic أبو موسى بن قيس الأشعري, DMG Abū Mūsā al-Ašʿarī born. 614, † 662 or 672), was a companion of the Prophet Mohammed and an important military leader in the early history of Islam .

Abū Mūsā, who came from Yemen, emigrated from southern Arabia with several members of his tribe Aschʿar and joined Mohammed in 628 when he was conquering the Jewish oasis of Khaibar . In 638 the caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab appointed him governor of Basra , in 642/43 he was also briefly governor of this city at the request of the residents of Kufa . As governor of Basra he organized the conquest of Chusistan from 638 to 642 and advanced as far as Fars in 644 .

In addition, Abū Mūsā is considered to be the founder of the Basrian Koran tradition. His reading of the Koran, which was able to prevail in Basra for a while, was based on a separate Koran code, the so-called Lubāb al-Qulūb . One of the peculiarities of his reading of the Koran was that he pronounced the name of Ibrāhīm as Ibrāhām in all parts of the Koran . When the third caliph Uthman ibn Affan sent his official Koran text to Iraq, in contrast to ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd , he is said to have been ready to adapt his Koran code to Uthman's official text.

Abū Mūsā had a son named Ibrāhīm, who is counted among the trustworthy authorities ( ṯiqāt ) in the hadith .

literature

Omar Hamdan: Studies on the canonization of the Koran text. Al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrīs contributions to the history of the Koran . Wiesbaden 2006. pp. 11-14.
Laura Veccia Vaglieri : Art. "Al-A sh ʿarī, Abū Mūsā" in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition . Vol. I, pp. 695a-696a.

supporting documents

↑ See Hamdan 12.
↑ See Hamdan 13.
↑ See Hamdan 200.
↑ Cf. Ahmad ibn ʿAbdallāh al-ʿIǧlī: Tārīḫ aṯ-ṯiqāt bi-tartīb [...] al-Haiṯamī wa-taḍmīnāt Ibn Ḥaǧar al-ʿAsqalānī . Ed. ʿAbd al-Muʿṭī Qalʿaǧī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿilmīya 1984. p. 55.

personal data
SURNAME	Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Abu Musa Abdullah ibn Qais al-Ashʿari; أبو موسى الأشعري (Arabic)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Companion (Sahaba) of Prophet Muhammad
DATE OF BIRTH	6th century or 7th century
DATE OF DEATH	662 or 672

[1] See Hamdan 12.

[2] See Hamdan 13.

[3] See Hamdan 200.

[4] Cf. Ahmad ibn ʿAbdallāh al-ʿIǧlī: Tārīḫ aṯ-ṯiqāt bi-tartīb [...] al-Haiṯamī wa-taḍmīnāt Ibn Ḥaǧar al-ʿAsqalānī . Ed. ʿAbd al-Muʿṭī Qalʿaǧī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿilmīya 1984. p. 55.