Acremonium
Acremonium | ||||||||||||
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Culture of Acremonium falciforme |
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Acremonium | ||||||||||||
Link (1809) |
Acremonium (syn. Cephalosporium ) is a genus of fungi from the Bionectriaceae family.
description
Acremonium species are usually slow-growing, initially compact and moist mushrooms. Their hyphae are fine and hyaline and usually produce simply structured phialides . Their conidia are usually unicellular (i.e., microconidia), hyaline or pigmented, spherical or cylindrical, and usually clustered in slimy heads at the top of each phialidus.
Medical importance
Most Acremonium species are saprobionts and can be isolated from dead plant material or from the soil. Many species have been recognized as opportunistic pathogens in humans and animals; they cause mycetomas , nail fungus and hyalohyphomycosis. Fungal infections of this genus in humans are rare, but clinical findings of hyalohyphomycoses caused by Acremonium species can also include arthritis , osteomyelitis , peritonitis , endocarditis , pneumonia , cerebritis, and subcutaneous infections.
Cephalosporins , a class of β-lactam antibiotics , were derived from Acremonium species. They were first isolated in 1948 by the Italian pharmacologist Giuseppe Brotzu .
Taxonomy
The type species is Acremonium alternatum Link (1809). The genus contains more than 100 species.
Synonyms
The following are known:
- Hyalopus Corda
- Mastigocladium Matr.
- Monoconidia Roze
- Pseudofusidium Deighton
species
The following species are listed in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility :
- Acremonium acutatum W. Gams
- Acremonium africanum Dominik & Ihnat.
- Acremonium alabamense Morgan-Jones
- Acremonium album Bonord.
- Acremonium alcalophilum G. Okada
- Acremonium allochroum Bonord.
- Acremonium alternatum link
- Acremonium antarcticum (Speg.) D. Hawksw.
- Acremonium apicesinuatum Matsush.
- Acremonium apii (MASm. & Ramsey) W. Gams
- Acremonium araucanum Speg.
- Acremonium argemones Purkay. & Mallik
- Acremonium asperulatum Giraldo, Guarro, Gené & Cano, 2012
- Acremonium bavaricum Brackel, 2012
- Acremonium biseptum W. Gams
- Acremonium blochii (Matr.) W. Gams
- Acremonium bonordenii Sacc.
- Acremonium boreale JDSm. & JGNDavidson
- Acremonium borodinense Tad.Ito, Okane, Nagak. & W.Gams
- Acremonium brachypenium W.Gams
- Acremonium brassicae Schulzer & Sacc.
- Acremonium breve (Sukapure & Thirum.) W. Gams
- Acremonium byssoides W. Gams & TMLim
- Acremonium cajani BLBrady
- Acremonium camptosporum W. Gams
- Acremonium cavaraeanum (Jasevoli) W. Gams
- Acremonium chaetodaci Sawada
- Acremonium charticola (J.Lindau) W.Gams
- Acremonium chrysogenum (Thirum. & Sukapure) W.Gams
- Acremonium cinnabarinum Sartory & R.Sartory
- Acremonium citrinum Giraldo, Guarro, Cano & Gené, 2014
- Acremonium collariferum Weisenb. & R. Kirschner, 2010
- Acremonium crassum Petch
- Acremonium cucurbitacearum Alfaro-García, W. Gams & García-Jim.
- Acremonium cuneiphorum Matsush.
- Acremonium curvulum W. Gams
- Acremonium danyszii Wize
- Acremonium dichromosporum W. Gams & Sivasith.
- Acremonium dimorphosporum Giraldo, Deanna A. Sutton & Gene, 2017
- Acremonium distortum W. Gams
- Acremonium domschii W. Gams
- Acremonium egyptiacum (JFHBeyma) W.Gams
- Acremonium elatum (CHDickinson) W. Gams
- Acremonium erectum Bonord.
- Acremonium exiguum W. Gams
- Acremonium exuviarum Sigler, Zuccaro, Summerb. & Paré
- Acremonium felinum (Marchal) Kiyuna, KDAn, Kigawa & Sugiy., 2010
- Acremonium fimicola Massee & ESSalmon
- Acremonium flavum W. Gams
- Acremonium flexuosum Peck
- Acremonium fuci Summerb., Zuccaro & W.Gams
- Acremonium fuliginosum Vincens
- Acremonium furcatum Moreau & R.Moreau ex Gams
- Acremonium fuscum Kunze & JCSchmidt
- Acremonium fusidioides (Nicot) W. Gams
- Acremonium fusisporum Tad.Ito, Okane, Nakagiri & W.Gams
- Acremonium gamsii Tichelaar
- Acremonium grandisporum Matsush.
- Acremonium griseovelutinum Speg.
- Acremonium guillematii W. Gams
- Acremonium hansfordii (Deighton) W. Gams
- Acremonium hennebertii W. Gams
- Acremonium hordei Unamuno
- Acremonium hyalinulum (Sacc.) W. Gams
- Acremonium hypholomatis (Boedijn) D. Hawksw.
- Acremonium incoloratum (Sukapure & Thirum.) W. Gams
- Acremonium incrustatum W. Gams
- Acremonium keio Nakam. & Takats.
- Acremonium lactucae HJLin, CYChien & JWHuang
- Acremonium larvarum (Petch) W. Gams
- Acremonium lichenicola W. Gams
- Acremonium longisporum (Preuss) W. Gams
- Acremonium macrocatenatum Matsush.
- Acremonium macroclavatum Ts.Watan.
- Acremonium macrocurvum Matsush.
- Acremonium masseei (Sacc.) W.Gams
- Acremonium meliola F.Stevens
- Acremonium minutisporum (Sukapure & Thirum.) W. Gams
- Acremonium minutissimum (Roze) Sacc.
- Acremonium miyakoense Matsush.
- Acremonium moniliforme Giraldo, Deanna A. Sutton & Gene, 2017
- Acremonium moriforme W. Gams
- Acremonium murorum (Corda) W. Gams, 1971
- Acremonium muthuonii Fontoyn. & H.Bouchet
- Acremonium nectrioidea W. Gams
- Acremonium neocaledoniae Roquebert & J.Dupont
- Acremonium nepalense W. Gams
- Acremonium nigricans (CHDickinson) W. Gams
- Acremonium nigrosclerotium W. Gams
- Acremonium nitidum G.Martin
- Acremonium niveum H. Bouchet
- Acremonium olidum W. Gams
- Acremonium ossicola Cif. & Redaelli
- Acremonium parvum Giraldo, Guarro, Cano & Gené, 2014
- Acremonium pembeum SCLynch & Eskalen, 2016
- Acremonium persicinum (Nicot) W. Gams
- Acremonium pertusariae Brackel & Etayo, 2012
- Acremonium phoenicis W. Gams
- Acremonium phylloxerinum Ferraris
- Acremonium pilosum Giraldo, Guarro, Cano & Gené, 2014
- Acremonium pinkertoniae W. Gams
- Acremonium polychromum (JFHBeyma) W. Gams
- Acremonium potronii Vuill.
- Acremonium psammosporum W. Gams
- Acremonium pseudozeylanicum W. Gams
- Acremonium psychrophilum C.Möller & W.Gams
- Acremonium pteridii W. Gams & JCFrankland
- Acremonium radiatum (Sukapure & Thirum.) W. Gams
- Acremonium restrictum (JFHBeyma) W. Gams
- Acremonium rhabdosporum W. Gams
- Acremonium rhombicum (Matsush.) Matsush.
- Acremonium roseolum (G.Sm.) W. Gams
- Acremonium rutilum W. Gams
- Acremonium salmoneum W. Gams & Lodha
- Acremonium sclerotigenum (Moreau & R.Moreau ex Valenta) W.Gams
- Acremonium sclerotiniarum KRAppel & Laubert
- Acremonium sordidulum W. Gams & D. Hawksw.
- Acremonium soropsis Wize
- Acremonium spegazzinii D. Hawksw.
- Acremonium spicatum Bonord.
- Acremonium spinosum (Negroni) W. Gams
- Acremonium sporosulcatum Vasanta, K.Valaparla, KRSSambasiva Rao & Subrahm.
- Acremonium stromaticum W. Gams & RHStover
- Acremonium subeffusum (Ellis & Galloway) Etayo & Brackel, 2012
- Acremonium succineum Casp.
- Acremonium tectonae RFCastañeda
- Acremonium tenuissimum Bonord.
- Acremonium thermophilum W. Gams & J.Lacey
- Acremonium tougae W. Gams
- Acremonium trachycaulon W. Gams
- Acremonium tubakii W. Gams
- Acremonium tulasnei GRWArnold
- Acremonium ugandense Matsush.
- Acremonium vaccinii Fuckel
- Acremonium variecolor Giraldo, Guarro, Gené & Cano, 2012
- Acremonium velutinum Fuckel
- Acremonium verruculosum W. Gams & Veenb.-Rijks
- Acremonium vitellinum W. Gams
- Acremonium vitis Catt.
- Acremonium zeylanicum (Petch) W. Gams & HCEvans
- Acremonium zonatum (Sawada) W. Gams
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ RM Fincher, JF Fisher, RD Lovell, CL Newman, Espinel-Ingroff A., HJ Shadomy: Infection due to the fungus Acremonium (cephalosporium) . In: Medicine . 70, No. 6, November 1991, pp. 398-409. doi : 10.1097 / 00005792-199111000-00005 .
- ↑ Elias N. Kiwan, Elias J. Anaissie: Hyalohyphomycosis (Acremonium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Scedosporium and Others) . Retrieved August 30, 2019.
- ↑ H. Perdomo, DA Sutton, D. García, AW Fothergill, J. Cano, J. Gené, RC Summerbell, MG Rinaldi, J. Guarro1: Spectrum of Clinically Relevant Acremonium Species in the United States . In: American Society for Microbiology (Ed.): Journal Of Clinical Microbiology . 49, No. 1, Jan. 2011, pp. 243-256. doi : 10.1128 / JCM.00793-10 .
- ↑ a b Acremonium Link . In: GBIF Taxonomy Backbone . Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved August 30, 2019.