Acremonium

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Acremonium
Culture of Acremonium falciforme

Culture of Acremonium falciforme

Systematics
Department : Ascomycota mushrooms
Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class : Sordariomycetes
Subclass : Hypocreomycetidae
Family : Bionectriaceae
Genre : Acremonium
Scientific name
Acremonium
Link (1809)

Acremonium (syn. Cephalosporium ) is a genus of fungi from the Bionectriaceae family.

description

Acremonium species are usually slow-growing, initially compact and moist mushrooms. Their hyphae are fine and hyaline and usually produce simply structured phialides . Their conidia are usually unicellular (i.e., microconidia), hyaline or pigmented, spherical or cylindrical, and usually clustered in slimy heads at the top of each phialidus.

Medical importance

Most Acremonium species are saprobionts and can be isolated from dead plant material or from the soil. Many species have been recognized as opportunistic pathogens in humans and animals; they cause mycetomas , nail fungus and hyalohyphomycosis. Fungal infections of this genus in humans are rare, but clinical findings of hyalohyphomycoses caused by Acremonium species can also include arthritis , osteomyelitis , peritonitis , endocarditis , pneumonia , cerebritis, and subcutaneous infections.

Cephalosporins , a class of β-lactam antibiotics , were derived from Acremonium species. They were first isolated in 1948 by the Italian pharmacologist Giuseppe Brotzu .

Taxonomy

The type species is Acremonium alternatum Link (1809). The genus contains more than 100 species.

Synonyms

The following are known:

  • Hyalopus Corda
  • Mastigocladium Matr.
  • Monoconidia Roze
  • Pseudofusidium Deighton

species

The following species are listed in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility :

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ RM Fincher, JF Fisher, RD Lovell, CL Newman, Espinel-Ingroff A., HJ Shadomy: Infection due to the fungus Acremonium (cephalosporium) . In: Medicine . 70, No. 6, November 1991, pp. 398-409. doi : 10.1097 / 00005792-199111000-00005 .
  2. ↑ Elias N. Kiwan, Elias J. Anaissie: Hyalohyphomycosis (Acremonium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Scedosporium and Others) . Retrieved August 30, 2019.
  3. ↑ H. Perdomo, DA Sutton, D. García, AW Fothergill, J. Cano, J. Gené, RC Summerbell, MG Rinaldi, J. Guarro1: Spectrum of Clinically Relevant Acremonium Species in the United States . In: American Society for Microbiology (Ed.): Journal Of Clinical Microbiology . 49, No. 1, Jan. 2011, pp. 243-256. doi : 10.1128 / JCM.00793-10 .
  4. ↑ a b Acremonium Link . In: GBIF Taxonomy Backbone . Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved August 30, 2019.

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