Bracken family
| Bracken family | ||||||||||||
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Bracken ( Pteridium aquilinum ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Dennstaedtiaceae | ||||||||||||
| Lotsy |
The bracken family (Dennstaedtiaceae) are a family of the real ferns (Polypodiopsida). The only European representative of the family is the bracken ( Pteridium aquilinum ).
features
The bracken family grow terrestrially, sometimes as climbers. The rhizomes are long and creeping. They often have a siphonostele or polystele and are covered with hair. The leaf stalks often have buds. The vascular bundles are arranged in the shape of a gutter. The leaf blades (fronds) are often large, two or three pinnate (also more often). You are hairy. The nerves end freely, are bifurcated or pinnately branched, rarely anastomosing .
The sori are at or near the leaf margin (marginal or submarginal), in a line or interrupted. The Indusia are accordingly linear or cup-shaped and sit on the edge of the leaf. The spores are tetrahedral and trilet (have a three-pointed scar), or they are kidney-shaped and monolet (have a scar).
The gametophyte is green and heart-shaped.
The basic chromosome number is x = 26, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 38, 46, 47 or 48.
distribution
The family is pantropical, the bracken is cosmopolitan .
Systematics
The Dennstaedtiaceae belong to the order of the potted ferns. In the description according to Smith et al. (2006) the genera of the sometimes independent families Hypolepidaceae, Monachosoraceae and Pteridaceae are also incorporated into the family. In the current description, the family is monophyletic .
The family comprises around 11 genera with around 170 species.
- Blotiella Tryon , with around 9-15 species that occur in tropical America, Africa and the Mascarene Mountains
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Coptidipteris Nakai & Momose , with only one species in China, Korea and Japan:
- Coptidipteris wilfordii (T. Moore) Nakai & Momose (Syn .: Dennstaedtia wilfordii (T. Moore) H. Christ )
- Dennstaedtia Bernh. (incl. Costaricia H. Christ ), with around 35–70 species in the tropics, America, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. The genus is named in honor of August Wilhelm Dennstedt (1776–1826), a German doctor and botanist.
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Histiopteris (J. Agardh) J. Sm. , With about one to seven species in the tropics, including:
- Histiopteris incisa (Thunb.) J. Sm.
- Hypolepis Bernh. , with about 45 species
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Leptolepia Prantl with only one species in the area of New Zealand, Australia and New Guinea:
- Leptolepia novae-zelandiae (Colenso) Mett. ex Diels
- Microlepia C. Presl , with more than 80 species from the tropics to Japan and New Zealand
- Monachosorum Hance , with about five species in Asia
- Oenotrichia Copel. , with about three species in New Guinea, Australia and New Caledonia
- Paesia J. St.-Hil. , with about 12 species from Malesia to Polynesia, New Zealand and tropical America
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Bracken ( Pteridium Gled. Ex Scop. ), With one to about 11 species, including the cosmopolitan:
- Bracken ( Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn ) with several subspecies and varieties
literature
- Alan R. Smith, Kathleen M. Pryer, Eric Schuettpelz, Petra Korall, Harald Schneider, Paul G. Wolf: A classification for extant ferns. In: Taxon. Volume 55, No. 3, 2006, ISSN 0040-0262 , pp. 705-731, abstract, PDF file .
- David John Mabberley: The Plant Book. A portable dictionary of the higher plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 1987, ISBN 0-521-34060-8 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
