Afghanistan Compact

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The Afghanistan Compact (also known as the Afghanistan Treaty or Afghanistan Pact ) was published as the final document of the London Afghanistan Conference in January 2006. It was the result of consultations between the government of Afghanistan , the United Nations and the international community, and provided the framework for further international cooperation with the state in the Hindu Kush over the next five years . The Afghanistan Compact was a political commitment by those involved and not a political commitment enforceable contract. It expired at the beginning of February 2011 and will be continued by the Kabul process that was decided at the international Afghanistan conference in Kabul in July 2010.

Emergence

An Afghanistan conference was held in London from January 31 to February 1, 2006 , attended by 66 states and 15 international organizations. British Prime Minister Tony Blair , Afghan President Hamid Karzai and UN Secretary General Kofi Annan chaired the meeting . The Afghan government gave an overview of the developments in their country so far and their strategies, priorities and plans for the economic and political further development of the state in the following five years. At the end of the conference, the delegates adopted the "Afghanistan Compact", a political agreement between the international community and the Afghan government.

The Convention reaffirms the commitment of both the Afghan Government and the international community to work together to create the conditions that enable the Afghan people to live in peace and security under a legal order that protects strong governance and human rights for all, and supports a positive economic and social prosperity in the country.

The contract followed the formal conclusion of the so-called Petersberg process , which had achieved its goal with the holding of elections for parliament and in the provinces in 2005 . The first stage of the reconstruction plan was set in motion by the Petersberg Agreement in 2001.

The next stage of reconstruction in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan after the fall of the Taliban regime was based on the document . It should be done more through the institutions in the country itself. The donor countries and institutions agreed to support this development process with funding totaling 10.5 billion US dollars .

Individual measures (selection)

Goal: greater security

  • A professionally operating and ethnically balanced Afghan National Army with up to 70,000 soldiers should be created and fully functional by 2010. In March 2010 the ANA had a strength of 150,000 men, but due to dwindling we can only speak of an increase of 70,000.
  • The Afghan National Police, which is already under construction, should ensure reliable security in the country and at the borders .
  • Desired reduction of the existing minefields by 70 percent (also in the course of the signature of the Ottawa Convention in 2002 , through which Afghanistan is to be mine-free by 2013). In September 2011 this target was 52% achieved in terms of area.
  • The planned disarmament of all illegal militias by 2007 at the latest was not achieved. Militias are now used instead as local police forces.

Objective: fight against drugs

The Afghan government wanted to step up its action on the drug problem. The aim was to completely end the cultivation of opium poppies in Afghanistan. The supply of raw opium from there should be cut to make heroin production and trade more difficult. But even in 2009 two thirds of world production came from Afghanistan.

Objective: More efficient executive

  • The government apparatus is being slimmed down in order to have a financially favorable and rationally working public administration.
  • A “National Plan for Women in Afghanistan” gives them the chance to be included in government and public service more than before.

Objective: Economic and social prosperity

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Comparative figures from 2006 for the last two points
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  • Government revenues are to be almost doubled to around eight percent of gross domestic product by 2010 . In 2011 they were between seven and nine percent.
  • 65 percent of households in metropolitan areas and 25 percent in rural areas should be supplied with electricity .
  • 50 percent of households in the capital Kabul and 30 percent of households in other large cities should be able to supply themselves with tap water.
  • At least 60 percent of girls and at least 75 percent of boys should be admitted to schools. In May 2010 the school enrollment rate was 27 percent for girls and 45 percent for boys.
  • At least 90 percent of the population should benefit from basic health care.
  • The proportion of people with a daily income of less than $ 1 is expected to decrease by three percent every year.
  • The number of starving people is to be reduced by five percent annually in the planning period.

monitoring

A “joint coordination and control body”, jointly headed by an Afghan and a UN representative, ensures compliance with and review of the implementation steps of this five-year plan.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ unama.unmissions.org: Kabul Process and Aid Coherence ( Memento of March 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) , accessed on December 28, 2011
  2. ↑ co.gov.uk: Foreign Secretary statement on Afghanistan , July 21, 2010, accessed December 28, 2011
  3. ↑ Caroline Wyatt: Can Afghan National Army survive NATO exit? , BBC News, March 9, 2011, accessed December 28, 2011
  4. ^ Mine Action Program of Afghanistan (MAPA): Fast Facts. Data as of Quarter 2 1390 ( Memento from January 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), September 2011, accessed on December 28, 2011
  5. ↑ Christoph Reuter: Dispute over Afghan militias: Looters on behalf of the USA , December 5, 2011, accessed on December 28, 2011
  6. ↑ unodc.org: World Drug Report 2010 , accessed December 28, 2011
  7. ↑ kfw-entwicklungsbank.de: Afghanistan - Reconstruction is in the foreground , July 2011, accessed on December 28, 2011
  8. ↑ gtz.de: de-factsheet-gender-Afghanistan.pdf Gender-Mainstreaming in Afghanistan ( Memento from April 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) , May 2010, accessed on December 28, 2011