Alain Carpentier

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Alain Carpentier (born August 11, 1933 in Toulouse ) is a French heart surgeon . He works in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Organ Transplantation at the Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou in Paris.

Life

Carpentier was a professor at the Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris and at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City . He is the founder and director of the Heart Transplant and Prosthetic Laboratory at the Pierre and Marie Curie University .

In 1998 he received the Grand Prix of the Fondation pour la recherche médicale for his groundbreaking research in cardiac surgery.

In December 2000 he was accepted as a member of the Human Biology and Medical Sciences department of the Académie des sciences .

In 2007 he received the Albert Lasker Prize for clinical-medical research and in 2011 the Warren Alpert Foundation Prize .

Its main innovations are:

  • In 1968 he implanted the first artificial heart valves made from pig cartilage. The material is treated with glutaraldehyde in order to avoid rejection reactions by the human immune system. The material has the advantage that the patient does not have to swallow anticoagulants for the rest of their lives - in contrast to the artificial steel heart valves previously used.
  • Developed a range of techniques in cardiac plastic and reconstructive surgery, including techniques to repair the mitral valve and tricuspid valve .
  • Development of dynamic cardiomyoplasty, i.e. the use of skeletal muscle tissue as a substitute for heart muscle tissue after appropriate preparation through electrical stimulation.

Artificial heart project

Since 1988 Carpentier has been involved in a project to develop an artificial heart . In 1993 he founded the company Carmat (Carpentier-Matra) together with Jean-Luc Lagardère , the then general manager of the Matra group .

At the end of October 2008, a number of investors participated in the project with investments:

  • EADS , Matra's parent company, which has already spent EUR 15 million on the company, is investing a further EUR 2 million;
  • the Oseo fund invests 33 million euros;
  • Carpentier himself contributes 250,000 euros from his private assets.

On December 18, 2013, this artificial heart was inserted into a patient for the first time. The operation was carried out by a team led by Christian Latrémouille .

Fonts

  • Le Mal universitaire , Paris 1988, Editions Robert Laffont, ISBN 978-2-221-05828-2
  • Alain Carpentier, Eric Marié, Eric Hamraoui, and Juan-Carlos Chachques: Philosophy du progrès en cardiologie , Mediqualis, new edition 2008, ISBN 978-2-84059-064-4

literature

  • Yves Mamou: De Battre, mon cœur artificiel a continué , Le Monde , October 28, 2008, p. 3.

Individual evidence

  1. département de chirurgie cardio-vasculaire et de transplantation d'organes
  2. Biology humaine et sciences médicales
  3. ^ Winners of Lasker Medical Prize , The New York Times, accessed October 28, 2008
  4. Le Monde, October 28, 2008, p. 3
  5. Cœur artificiel: une prouesse made in France. Le Monde, December 24, 2013, p. 1