Albertschacht
| Albertschacht | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| Mining technology | Longwall mining | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Operating company | Zauckerode Royal Coal Works | ||
| Start of operation | 1835 | ||
| End of operation | 1922 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Mightiness | 3.30 m | ||
| Greatest depth | 204 m | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 1 '17.9 " N , 13 ° 37' 21.3" E | ||
|
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| Location | Niederhermsdorf | ||
| local community | Wurgwitz | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains. | ||
| country | Free State of Saxony | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
The Albert Schacht was a coal mine of the Royal coal plant Zauckerode . The shaft was located in the western part of the hard coal deposit of the Döhlen basin on Niederhermsdorfer Flur.
The shaft was named after Prince Albert of Saxony , who later became King of Saxony , and is today the namesake of a residential street in Wurgwitz ( "Albertschacht" ) and the local "Primary School 'Am Albertschacht' Freital-Wurgwitz".
history
After the wing of the Tiefen Elbstolln had been driven in the direction of Niederhermsdorf, the development of the construction site there began. In 1835 a shaft located on Johann Gottlieb Fröde's field was opened. This shaft was privately owned until 47.5 meters geteuft , but was abandoned in 1808 for lack of funds. The shaft, located at 212.24 m above sea level, was sunk further with the old dimensions of the shaft disc of 1.70 × 5.66 meters. A 101.60 meter deep borehole had previously been drilled on the Elbe tunnel to drain off the water that was sitting there. At a depth of 118 meters, the first main line was struck and the further depth discontinued. From approx. 100 meters the first seam , 3.30 meters thick , became the second seam with a thickness of 0.30 meters at 108.00 meters and the third seam with a thickness of 0.70 meters at 117.50 meters Meters. In 1839, the promotion was started with a horse peg.
In 1842, one of the two steam engines built by Société Anonyme John Cockerill from Seraing (Belgium) in 1925 for the Tiefen Elbstolln, which were no longer needed at the 7th and 8th light holes of the Elbe adit, was to be installed at the drainage shaft. Due to an exceptional drought that year, the Friedrich August Mühle could no longer grind due to a lack of water. As a remedy, the two steam engines were therefore installed there.
As a replacement, a steam engine was supplied by Constantin Pfaff in Chemnitz in 1844 . It was a high-pressure machine with a balance and variable expansion. It had an output of 18 hp. The machine was put into operation on September 25, 1844.
The Albertschacht was spared from the flood on March 31, 1845, in which the underground workings at the Oppelschacht were flooded, as there were no breakthroughs in the area below the Tiefen Elbstolln.
On August 3, 1850, the extension of the shaft was completed at one end by 1.13 meters to create space for a wooden hanging strand.
As the mining operations moved deeper, the weather problems in the area increased. So far, only the natural weather current was used, which was supported in summer by hanging fire pots in the shaft. In 1854, the Georg Schacht received a weather furnace and the Albertschacht became a moving shaft.
In 1856 the shaft was connected to the Niederhermsdorf coal branch at its own expense , which made it much easier to transport the coal extracted. On November 29, 1856, the first coal was loaded for rail transport.
In the meantime, the shaft had been sunk to the second main line at a depth of 145.20 meters. The fourth seam with a thickness of 1.60 meters was cut at 134.60 meters.
In June 1865, the 21st light hole in the Tiefen Weißeritz tunnel was also equipped with a weather oven, which further improved the ventilation of the Albertschächter district.
In 1868 the shaft was up to III. Main line brought down at a depth of 168.70 meters. The first coal was mined from here in November 1869.
In 1873 horse-drawn conveyance was introduced on the main route and continued until the end of operations.
The urgently needed replacement of the old hoisting machine began in the summer of 1875 with the construction of a new boiler house. On October 1, 1876, a new, modern twin steam engine was used as a hoisting machine. Two-day conveyor racks have now been used for the promotion . They were equipped with a White & Grant safety gear. You could use it to evacuate two dogs. In the autumn of 1876, the team roped up on a trial basis . However, it was limited to the early morning and noon shifts. General team ropes were only introduced after 1881. At the same time as this work, the shaft was brought to its final depth at 204 meters and the fourth main line was built.
In the further device of the mine field, two faults running south of the shaft with the I., II., III. and IV. Drive through the main route. The first fault, the Beckerschacht fault, consisted of two individual jumps. The first jump with a jump height of 15 meters was made at a distance of 119 meters from the shaft. The second jump with a jump height of 11.5 meters was made at 206 meters from the shaft. The Carolaschacht fault found at a distance of 860 meters from the shaft with a jump height of 16 meters was only approached with the IV. Main line.
In 1880 a water column machine was put into operation on the IV main line. This was driven by the steam engine and delivered with a water pressure of 90 bar .
The Albertschacht was also affected by the Weißeritz flood on 30./31. Affected July 1897. For safety reasons, the workforce, who had retired on July 31, drove out again. The pit horses were also brought up for days. The flooding in the Albertschächter Revier did not cause any damage.
In 1898 the Albertschacht had to be shut down for several months. During this time the shaft head was lined and the full shot lining of the shaft tube in the area of the Tiefen Elbestolln was renewed to a depth of 50 meters. A triplex pump from Siemens & Halske was installed in the sump to replace the old water column machine . A new power plant was built to meet the mine’s increased electricity needs.
From July to October 1910, an accident on the hoisting machine brought production to a standstill.
After the outbreak of the First World War , part of the workforce at the Zauckerode Royal Coal Works was drafted. As a result, in August 1914, the Albert shaft was stopped and the remaining staff was distributed to the other shaft systems. After the army administration had released workers, operations were resumed in June 1917.
After the on-site staff refused to work eight hours, the three-shift system was introduced on July 19, 1920.
After the coal reserves in the Albertschacht district had been exhausted, the shaft safety pier was dismantled from February 1922 and the last coal hunt was mined on October 30, 1922. The shaft was then filled. In the meantime, attempts had been made in 1921 to mine the fourth seam in the fourth main line with a thickness of 1.70 meters on a larger scale. The coal, however, was very hard and interspersed with fire slate. The coal was therefore unsaleable and mining was stopped. This seam was classified as the 5th seam in 1952.
Later the Säurich sawmill was located on the site, which was part of the VEB Polstermöbelindustrie Oelsa-Rabenau during the GDR era. The still preserved machine house is used by the Hahn timber trade, which is located on the site today.
In 1974, the mine was subsequently kept by the Dresden mountain rescue service .
Weather shaft
With the mining going deeper and moving south, the weather routes became longer and longer. The weather ovens of the 21st light hole and the Georg Schacht could no longer solve this problem. With this, the decision was made to sink a separate weather shaft down to the Tiefen Elbstolln at the Albert Schacht. The shaft was sunk at 210.24 m above sea level about 20 meters north of the production shaft to a depth of 50 meters saiger . Then another 65 meters at 45 ° over a ton . The saigere shaft was then lined. The ton-long section received an iron extension . A winter fan from the mechanical engineering company Barop with a diameter of 2.20 meters and a width of 0.80 meters was installed above the shaft. after the production stopped, the weather shaft was also filled in at the end of 1922.
literature
- Eberhard Gürtler, Klaus Gürtler: The hard coal mining in the Döhlen Basin part 2 - shafts on the left of the Weißeritz , house of the home Freital, 1984.
- Saxon State Office for Environment and Geology / Sächsisches Oberbergamt (Hrsg.): The Döhlener basin near Dresden. Geology and Mining (= mining in Saxony . Volume 12 ). Freiberg 2007, ISBN 3-9811421-0-1 , p. 302-304 .
- Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony. 1906