Alexander Nadiradze

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Alexander Dawidowitsch Nadiradze ( Georgian ალექსანდრე ნადირაძე , Russian Александр Давидович Надирадзе , born August 20, 1914 in Gori , † September 3, 1987 in Moscow ) was a Soviet rocket engineer of Georgian origin. He was the main developer of the first Soviet mobile ICBM RT-21 Temp 2S (SS-16) and the medium-range missiles RSD-10 Pioner (SS-20) and RT-2PM Topol (SS-25). The design of the modern RS-12M2 and RS-24 missiles is also largely based on the plans of Alexander Nadiradze.

Life

Nadiradze graduated from Moscow Ordzhonikidze Institute of Aircraft Construction in 1940 and then worked at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (ZAGI), the most important Russian aeronautical research institute. During the Second World War he developed several anti-tank guided weapons . In 1958, on the recommendation of space pioneer Sergei Korolev, Nadiradze was transferred to the OKB-52 design office of Vladimir Chelomei , and in 1961 was appointed chief designer of the NII-1 department, which was renamed the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering (MIT) in 1965 . Nadiradse headed this institute until his death in 1987.

In Russia , Nadiradze is commonly considered the founder of mobile missile design. He was the author of more than 100 scientific papers and 220 inventions. In 1976 and 1982 he was awarded the Order of Lenin and the title Hero of Socialist Labor .

Developed missile systems

In 1969, Nadiradse began at MIT with the system development of a mobile intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). The RS-14 was introduced into the Soviet armed forces in 1971. In the years that followed, 60 launch and transport vehicles and 200 guided weapons were manufactured.

The RS-14 formed the basis for the later ICBM systems RSD-10, RS-12M and RS-12M2.

The development of the RSD-10 was also initiated at MIT in 1973 under the direction of Alexander Nadiradse. Flight tests began on the 4th State Test Site in Kapustin Yar on September 21, 1974 and ended on January 9, 1976. On March 11, 1976, the RSD-10 was included in the armament of the Strategic Missile Forces and the first missiles were put into combat readiness on August 30, 1976.

The RS-12M was designed by Nadiradse in 1977 as an inexpensive, mobile and difficult to locate ICBM system. Since the SALT II treaty forbade the redesign of ICBMs, the Soviet Union declared the RS-12M system to be a further development of the RS-12 . For cost reasons, the developers resorted to the design of the RS-14 . The RS-12M uses the first two rocket stages of the RS-14, but is equipped with a newly developed PBV (post boost vehicle). The new PBV contains a newly developed navigation and control unit as well as a newly designed nuclear warhead . The first RS-12M were introduced to the Soviet missile forces in 1988 and are still part of the Strategic Missile Forces (RWSN) of the Russian armed forces .

literature

  • Igor Sergejew and others: Wojenny enziklopeditscheski sloar raketnych woisk strategitscheskogo nasnatschenija . Bolschaja Rossijskaja enziklopedija, Moscow 1999, p. 305. ISBN 5-85270-315-X . (Russian)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Article about A. Nadiradse at nvo.ng.ru, http://nvo.ng.ru/history/2004-09-17/5_temp.html
  2. ↑ A. Nadiradse in the Encyclopedia of Cosmonautics, archive link ( Memento from December 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ a b P. Podvig (Ed.): Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces. MIT Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-262-16202-9 .
  4. ↑ Old Topol is tested with a new warhead, http://russianforces.org/blog/2011/09/old_topol_is_tested_with_a_new.shtml
personal data
SURNAME Nadiradse, Alexander
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nadiradse, Alexander Dawidowitsch (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet missile engineer
DATE OF BIRTH August 20, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Gori
DATE OF DEATH 3rd September 1987
Place of death Moscow