Topol-M

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Topol-M

RS-12M2 on MZKT-79221
RS-12M2 on MZKT-79221

General Information
Type ICBM
Local name RS-12M2, RT-2PM2, 15Sch65
NATO designation SS-27 Mod.1 Sickle-B
Country of origin RussiaRussia Russia
Manufacturer Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering
development 1991
Commissioning 1998
Working time In service
Technical specifications
length 22.70 m
diameter 1,860 mm
Combat weight 47,200 kg
Drive
First stage
Second stage
Third stage
Solid
Solid
Solid & PBV (Post Boost Vehicle)
Range 12,000 km
Furnishing
steering INS and GLONASS
Warhead 1 MARV nuclear warhead 550 or 800 kt plus decoys
Detonator Programmed detonator
Weapon platforms MZKT-79221 truck or missile silo
Lists on the subject

The RS-12M2 ( NATO Code : SS-27 Mod.1 Sickle-B ; GRAY Index : 15Sch65 ) is a silogestützte / mobile ballistic ICBM from Russian production. The troop designation of the system is RT-2PM2 .

development

The Topol-M is a further development of the Topol (RT-2PM, SS-25 Sickle) . In 1991, the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering (MIT) began developing the system. The first flight tests took place in 1994. The Topol-M was first introduced with two missiles in December 1997 in the Russian armed forces in the Saratov region. The new variant with the mobile launch pad was successfully tested in Plesezk on December 24, 2004 and introduced in December 2006. In 2007 a MIRV -bearing version of the Topol was tested for the first time , which is designated as RS-24 (NATO code SS-27 Mod.2). In the future this is to be produced as the only SS-27 version. The sea-based Bulawa SLBM also uses Topol-M technologies.

technology

The Topol-M is a three-stage solid fuel rocket and is produced in the Votkinsk machine factory. The mobile system is housed on the all- terrain MZKT-79221 -16 × 16- truck and is therefore quick to lay and difficult to locate; preventive destruction is therefore not reliably possible. Each vehicle is equipped with a missile.

Compared to the previous model, the Topol-M uses modern composite materials . The Topol-M also has an enlarged and more powerful first rocket stage. Topol-M has a shortened start phase and can cross the lower atmospheric layers more quickly. The missile is equipped with a nuclear MARV - warhead with an explosive yield of 550 kT TNT equipped, possibly 800 kT as in the previous version Topol. The control is effected by means of an inertial navigation platform , as well as the GLONASS - satellite navigation system . With these two systems, an accuracy ( CEP ) of less than 350 m should be achievable. The Topol-M warhead is able to switch from a ballistic to a semi-ballistic trajectory after takeoff; this makes it very difficult for missile defense systems to destroy the missile.

With the Topol-M, all strategic goals, such as B. hardened missile silos and underground command bunkers, let fight. US and NATO experts see the Topol as a first strike weapon with which a successful second strike can also be carried out.

variants

  • RS-12M Topol : (SS-25 Sickle) silo-supported and mobile predecessor system
  • RS-12M1 Topol-M1: (SS-27 Mod.1 Sickle-B) mobile version installed on a MZKT-79221
  • RS-12M2 Topol-M2: (SS-27 Mod.1 Sickle-B) silo supported version
  • RS-24 Jars : (SS-27 Mod.2 Sickle-B) Version of the RS-12M1 with MIRV warhead

status

Dmitri Medvedev in Teikowo (2008)

In January 2018, the Russian missile forces had 60 silo-based and 18 mobile Topol-M missiles. The 60 silo-supported systems are stationed in six regiments in Tatishchevo (Saratov) . The 18 mobile missiles are stationed in four regiments in Teikowo . The two stations of Teikowo and Tatishchevo belong to the 27th missile army with headquarters in Vladimir .

In future only the MIRV variant RS-24 will be stationed in silos and mobile.

See also

literature

  • Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems , Edition 2005, Jane's Verlag
  • Land-based Soviet / Russian ballistic guided missiles DTIG - Defense Threat Informations Group, July 2005

Web links

Commons : RT-2PM2 Topol-M  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nuclear Notebook: US and Soviet / Russian intercontinental ballistic missiles, 1959–2008
  2. ^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS): The Military Balance 2018 . 1st edition. Routledge, London 2018, ISBN 978-1-85743-955-7 , pp. 193 (English, as of January 2018).
  3. ↑ Russianforces.org
  4. ↑ Russianforces.org - Topol-M and RS-24 Yars deployment plans
  5. ↑ Russianforces.org - Strategic Rocket Forces