Alexei Jakowlewitsch Koschewnikow

Alexei Koshevnikov

Alexei Jakowlewitsch Koschewnikow ( Russian Алексе́й Я́ковлевич Коже́вников ; born March 5, 1836 in Ryazan , Russia ; † October 23, 1902 in Moscow ) was a Russian neurologist and psychiatrist .

Life

Koschewnikow studied medicine from 1853 to 1858 at the Lomonossow University in Moscow . He then continued his training in Germany, Switzerland, England and France. In Jean-Martin Charcot's laboratory in Paris , he made important contributions to pathological correlations in the study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In 1869 he returned to Moscow , where he worked at the Novo-Ekaterininskii Hospital and gave courses on neurological and psychiatric diseases. Between 1870 and 1884 he headed the Clinic for Neurological Diseases and was appointed associate professor in 1873.

Koschewnikow took over the chair for special pathology and therapy at the Lomonosov University in Moscow in 1880 . In 1886 he founded the University Clinic of Psychiatry, and in 1890 the Moscow Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists.

Koschewnikow was a pioneer in Russian psychiatry and an advocate for humane treatment of the mentally ill. He is the namesake for Koschevnikov epilepsy, also known as epilepsia partialis continua , an epilepsy that is characterized by almost continuous, rhythmic muscle contractions that affect a limited part of the body. He made a comprehensive description of the progressive familial spastic diplegia and contributed to neuropathological studies of nuclear ophthalmoplegia and asthenic bulbar palsy .

Among his students and assistants were Sergei Sergejewitsch Korsakow (1853-1900), Grigori Ivanovich Rossolimo (1860-1928), Liweri Ossipowitsch Darkschewitsch (1858-1925), Vladimir Karlowitsch Roth (1848-1916) and Lazar Salomonowitsch Minor (1855-1942) .

Web links

• Zoran Bojanic: Alexis Yakovlievich Kozhevnikov. In: Who Named It? Retrieved June 13, 2012 .