Sergei Sergejewitsch Korsakow

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Korsakov in 1885

Sergei Korsakoff ( Russian Сергей Сергеевич Корсаков * January 22 . Jul / 3. February  1854 greg. In Gus-Khrustalny , † May 1 jul. / 14. May  1900 greg. In Moscow ) was a Russian neurologist .

He was born in Gus-Chrustalny as the son of the director of the local glass factory. He studied medicine at Moscow University at the age of 16 . After his exams in 1875, he worked at the Preobrazhenskaya Mental Hospital from 1875 or 1876 and had ample opportunity to observe the effects of alcoholism . In 1880 he published the first detailed description of a form of amnesia that mainly occurs in alcoholics . In 1887 he described various cases of alcohol-related polyneuritis ( about alcoholic paralysis ) with pronounced psychological syndromes . For his work on alcoholic paralysis, he received the medical doctorate in 1887.

In 1888 he became a private lecturer and in 1892 head of the new psychiatric university clinic and associate professor . He was temporarily visiting Vienna and during this time he was a student of Theodor Meynert .

Korsakov was one of the greatest psychiatrists of the 19th century and published numerous papers in the fields of neuropathology , psychiatry and forensic medicine . In particular, he did research on alcohol psychosis , introduced the term paranoia and wrote an excellent psychiatry book. As a humanist, he endeavored to treat patients without coercion, which was not particularly popular with clinic staff ("the less coercion for the patient, the more coercion for the doctor").

Korsakov regretted that if students were to concentrate on their studies, they had to waste their energy on simple necessities. As chairman of the “Development Society for Students in Need” he tried to ease their financial situation. But he also had expectations of the students:

"First of all, I want all students to recognize the natural necessity of their education, that they love knowledge and science and despise ignorance [...] For the great privilege of studying, students have to make sacrifices [...]"

In 1897 Friedrich Jolly , at that time director of the Charité psychiatric clinic, introduced the amnestic syndrome as an eponym ( Wernicke-Korsakow syndrome ) at an international medical congress in Moscow after Korsakow . Furthermore, a syndrome originally called "polyneuritic psychosis" ( Korsakow's syndrome ) in alcoholics is named after Korsakow. The vitamin B 1 deficiency, which is the cause of the nerve lesions , could only be proven in the 20th century.

Korsakov died of heart failure in 1900.

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personal data
SURNAME Korsakow, Sergei Sergejewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Корсаков, Сергей Сергеевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian neurologist
DATE OF BIRTH February 3, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Gus-Khrustalny
DATE OF DEATH May 14, 1900
Place of death Moscow