Alexios Laskaris

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Alexios Komnenos Laskaris ( Middle Greek Ἀλέξιος Κομνηνός Λάσκαρις ; † after 1224) was a younger brother of the Byzantine exile emperor Theodor I. Laskaris . He failed in 1224 with the attempt to succeed Theodor, John III. Overthrow Dukas Batatzes .

Life

Alexios was one of at least six brothers of Theodor Laskaris who, after his coronation as emperor in March 1208 (or already 1207), awarded him the high court dignity of a sebastocrator . When Theodor died in November 1221 (or 1222) without a male heir, his son-in-law Johannes Dukas Batatzes succeeded him on the throne of Nikaia . This succession plan displeased Theodor's brothers, who felt they had been left out.

Alexios ran over to the Latin Empire together with his brother Isaak , also Sebastokrator, taking Theodor's daughter Eudokia with them (or at least trying to do so). Shortly before his death, Theodor I had announced that he wanted to arrange a marriage between Eudocia and the brother of his wife Maria , the Latin Emperor Robert von Courtenay . The two Laskarids obviously hoped to gain support from the Latins against John III. to insure, but ultimately the wedding did not take place. Two other brothers, Michael and Manuel Laskaris , went under the rule of John III. also into exile , but returned to Nikaia under his son and successor Theodor II .

Robert von Courtenay not only welcomed Alexios and Isaak Laskaris to his court in Constantinople , but also granted them the weaponry they wanted. In the spring of 1224 the brothers marched at the head of a Latin force against John III, who wanted to open a second front against the Latins against the background of the successful offensive of the Despotate Epiros against the Kingdom of Thessaloniki . The two armies met in the Mysian plain near Poimanenon (today Manyas ), near a church dedicated to the Archangel Michael . The Nicean emperor won a decisive victory over the two pretenders ; Alexios and Isaak Laskaris were captured and blinded . Her further fate is unknown.

swell

literature

  • Dimiter Angelov: Imperial ideology and political thought in Byzantium, 1204-1330. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2007, ISBN 978-0-521-85703-1 , p. 120.
  • Michael Angold: A Byzantine Government in Exile. Government and Society under the Laskarids of Nicaea, 1204-1261 . Oxford University Press, London 1975, ISBN 0-19-821854-0 , pp. 170, 192.
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Севастократори у Византији . In: Зборник радова Византолошког института . Vol. 11, 1968, ISSN  0584-9888 , pp. 141-192 ( PDF file; 4.0 MB ), here: p. 174.
  • Michael F. Hendy: Catalog of the Byzantine coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection . Vol. 4: Alexius I to Michael VIII, 1081-1261 , Part 2: The Emperors of Nicaea and Their Contemporaries (1204-1261) . Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington DC 1999, ISBN 0-88402-233-1 , p. 451.
  • Alexander P. Kazhdan (Ed.): The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium . Oxford University Press, New York NY 1991, ISBN 0-19-504652-8 , pp. 1690-1691 (Poimanenon) .
  • Ruth Macrides: George Akropolites: The History - Introduction, Translation and Commentary. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007, ISBN 978-0-19-921067-1 .
  • Vincent Puech: The Aristocracy and the Empire of Nicaea . In: Judith Herrin, Guillaume Saint-Guillain (Ed.): Identities and Allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean After 1204. Ashgate, Farnham 2011, ISBN 978-1-4094-1098-0 , pp. 69–80, here: pp. 72.
  • Alexis GC Savvides: Internal Strife and Unrest in Later Byzantium, XIth – XIIIth Centuries (AD 1025–1261). The Case of Urban and Provincial Insurrections (Causes and Effects). In: Σύμμεικτα KBE / EΙE. Vol. 7, 1987, ISSN  1105-1639 , pp. 237-273, here: p. 273.
  • Αλέξης Γ. Κ. Σαββίδης: Βυζαντινά στασιαστικά και αυτονομιστικά κινήματα στα Δωδεκάνησα και τη Μικρά Ασία , 1189-1240 μ.Χ .: Συμβολή στη μελέτη της υστεροβυζαντινής προσωπογραφίας και τοπογραφίας την εποχή των Αγγέλων , των Λασκαρίδων της Νίκαιας και των Μεγαλοκομνηνών του Πόντου . Δόμος, Αθήνα 1987, chap. 4th
  • Filip Van Tricht: The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204-1228) (= The Medieval Mediterranean: peoples, economies, and cultures, 400-1500 . Vol. 90). EJ Brill, Leiden 2011, ISBN 978-90-04-20323-5 , pp. 284-286, 296, 369-370 and passim ( digitized version ).

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Cf. Macrides, Akropolites , pp. 166, 167 f.
  2. ↑ See Macrides, Akropolites , pp. 157-160.
  3. ↑ See Macrides, Akropolites , p. 166.
  4. ↑ Cf. Macrides, Akropolites , p. 157 f .; Van Tricht, Latin Renovatio , pp. 174, 296.
  5. ↑ See Macrides, Akropolites , p. 168.
  6. ↑ See Macrides, Akropolites , p. 284.
  7. ^ Van Tricht, Latin Renovatio , p. 368.
  8. ↑ See Macrides, Akropolites , pp. 165-167.
personal data
SURNAME Alexios Laskaris
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Alexios Komnenos Laskaris (full name); Ἀλέξιος Κομνηνός Λάσκαρις (Middle Greek)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Byzantine Sebastokrator, brother of Emperor Theodor I and usurper against Emperor John III.
DATE OF BIRTH 12th Century
DATE OF DEATH after 1224