Alkanones
| Alkanones |
|---|
|
| R 1 and R 2 are straight or branched chain alkyl groups. The carbonyl group is marked in blue . In acetone, R 1 and R 2 are methyl groups . |
The alkanones (or dialkyl ketones ) form a subgroup of the ketones . Their name and structure are derived directly from the alkanes , i. that is, the carbonyl group has straight or branched alkyl groups on both sides . They do not contain any other heteroatoms or multiple bonds . Alkanones contain at least three carbon atoms. If the alkyl groups are cyclic, one speaks of cycloalkanones , which form their own group.
Typical representatives
- The acetone (H 3 C-CO-CH 3 ) is the best known and easiest representative.
- Butanone
- Pentanones (three isomers)
- Hexanones (six isomers)
Classification
The alkanones can be classified into symmetrical and asymmetrical as well as unbranched and branched representatives.
| Alkanone | symmetrical | asymmetrical |
|---|---|---|
| unbranched |
 acetone |
 Butanone |
| branched |
 Diisobutyl ketone |
 Methyl isobutyl ketone |
literature
- Beyer / Walter : Textbook of Organic Chemistry , 19th edition, S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-7776-0356-2 , p. 201.
- K. Peter C. Vollhardt , Neil E. Schore : Organic Chemistry , 4th Edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2005, ISBN 978-3-527-31380-8 , pp. 858 and 906.