Allative
The allative (from Latin allatum , 2nd part of afferre : to bring) or adlative is a grammatical case that expresses the movement towards a place or towards a person. The allative is complementary to the ablative , between these two there is the adessive .
The allative is a regular case in many languages, e.g. B. Finnish-Ugric , see:
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Basque
- haran "valley" → haran-era "towards the valley (towards), into the valley"
- Bilbo "Bilbao" → Bilbo-ra "to Bilbao"
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Finnish
- kirkko "church" → kirko-lle "towards the church"
- tyttö "girl" → tytö-lle "towards the girl (towards)" or "the girl" (the dative does not exist in Finnish)
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Estonian
- tee "street" → tee-le "to the street (towards)"
- isa "father" → isa-le "towards the father"
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Hungarian
- ház "house" → ház-hoz "towards the house"
- elnök "President" → elnök-höz "to the President"
In Lithuanian , the allative is one of the four secondary (later, presumably under Finno-Ugric influence) local case , e.g. B. miškop (i) "to the forest", jūrosp (i) "to the sea". In today's language, however, it is only preserved as a relic, the corresponding forms are considered adverbs , e.g. B. vakarop "in the evening", velniop "to the devil".
In German, the function of the allative is expressed prepositionally , for example with the prepositions "in", "nach", "zu" and a subsequent accusative.
In Hebrew , the proto-Semitic accusative has developed into a factual directive.
literature
- Martin Putz: Finnish grammar. Lulu Enterprises Inc. 2008, ISBN 978-1-4092-0343-8 , pp. 76-77, 97.