All Saints Flood 1304
The All Saints Flood was a storm flood in the Baltic Sea , which affected the southwestern Baltic Sea coast , in particular the Western Pomerania area. The eponymous dating of All Saints' Day (November 1st) 1304 goes back to the Stralsund Chronicle of Johann Berckmann († 1560). However, the day of the event is not certain, while 1304 is considered likely.
procedure
Like most similar storm floods, the All Saints Flood arose when the water that had accumulated in the central and northern Baltic Sea after days of strong westerly winds suddenly poured over the Pomeranian coast after a reversal to the northeast ( bathtub effect ). Chronicles tell of a strong storm that destroyed numerous houses and churches.
Chronicles
The oldest known written mentions of the flood are in two Stralsund chronicles from the end of the 15th century, which Rudolf Baier published in 1893. Chronicles by Johannes Bugenhagen , Johannes Berckmann, Thomas Kantzow and Nicolaus von Klemptzen report on the event.
In many chronicles the descriptions of the effects of the flood are mostly exaggerated and untrue. So invoked Albert George Schwartz , the loss of land wanted to prove at Ruden and reported the sinking of two in this villages, on a certificate of Gottlieb Samuel Pristaff that was exposed as a forgery by the 1850th The information he invented was disseminated by various authors and found its way primarily into local literature.
New low
In the east of Rügen is the Mönchgut peninsula , 8 km southeast of it is the island of Ruden , here the Greifswalder Boddenrandschwelle separates the Greifswalder Bodden from the Baltic Sea . Some chronicles claim that there was a land connection here that was so destroyed by the All Saints Flood that a new deep was formed, a 3 to 4 meter deep channel through the Boddenrandschwelle, described as a new shipping route or as an important entrance.
The scientific literature does not come to a uniform result on the basis of questionable and sometimes contradicting traditions. However, the inclusion of geomorphological changes in the coast from recent geological history, from approx. BC to the Middle Ages, and the monk's ditch as a border fortification in its location and southern orientation, this land connection definitely.
literature
- Friedrich-Wilhelm Dwars: The alleged land connection between Rügen and the Ruden in historical times and the emergence of the driveways on the eastern edge of the Greifswald Bodden . In: Society for Pomeranian History and Archeology (Hrsg): Baltic studies . New series vol. 45, von der Ropp, Hamburg 1958, pp. 9–26 ( digitized version ). ( urn : nbn: de: gbv: 9-g-283795 )
Individual evidence
- ^ Pomerania by Johannes Bugenhagen
- ↑ Nils Petzholdt: The Mönchgraben near Baabe and the land connection between Rügen and the Ruden In: Pommern. Journal of Culture and History. Issue 1/2014, ISSN 0032-4167 , pp. 4–8.