Old Arabic

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Old Arabic is the Arabic language form on which the classical written Arabic language is based.

Altarabic has an ancient, synthetic language structure and is in many ways comparable to Akkadian . Characteristic is the preservation of the final short vowels and the nunation , on which the inflection of the nouns and the three modes of the verbs are essentially based.

Altar Arabic has largely received the common Semitic phoneme inventory . Only the three different S-sounds of the common were reduced to two.

When the old Arabic language type was superseded by the new Arabic has not yet been clarified.

According to the thesis advocated by most Muslim scholars and some orientalists , such as Theodor Nöldeke , Johann Fück and Joshua Blau , in the course of the spread of Islam there was a split between the ancient Arabic language, which is still established as a written language today, and the Arabic dialects used exclusively orally .

The other thesis, which is advocated by orientalists such as August Fischer , Karl Vollers , Anton Spitaler and Hans Wehr , is based on the evidence of Arabic orthography , which uses the consonant inflection endings -un , -in , -an ( nunation ) and the feminine ending - at does not write what corresponds to the New Arabic pronunciation. According to this thesis, Altarabic ceased to be a spoken language in cities like Mecca between the 3rd and 6th centuries . Only in the Koran and as the language of poets was it still respectfully handed down.