Old Peterskirche Grünstadt
 The old Peterskirche Grünstadt, with defensive wall. Detail from a historical view of the city (before 1689), private property |
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| Basic data | |
| Denomination | Catholic |
| place | Grünstadt, Germany |
| Patronage | Peter |
| Building history | |
| start of building | before 900 |
| Building description | |
| Construction type | crenellated tower |
| 49 ° 34 '5.8 " N , 8 ° 10' 2.2" E | |
The old Peterskirche was one of the two original churches in the town of Grünstadt , Bad Dürkheim district , Rhineland-Palatinate . There are no structural remains; however, the local "Peterspark" (old cemetery), in which it once stood, is reminiscent of them.
history
Grünstadt emerged from two main settlements that grew together. One in the south of today's city center, around the still existing Martinskirche , which belonged to the Glandern monastery and another in the north, with the old Peterskirche, owned by the Weissenburg Abbey . Both churches were under the diocese of Worms . The southern settlement around St. Martin was first mentioned in a document - without mentioning a church - on November 21, 875, when King Ludwig the German returned this estate to the Glandern Abbey near Metz .
At about the same time, around 900, the northern settlement of the Weißenburg monastery is also listed in its inventory of goods and even described in detail. It was therefore the church of St. Peter, a rectory (which indicates the importance of the place), a manor with a large farm building and 14 farms. The infrastructure of this acquis suggests that it is very old. Roman , Merovingian and Frankish graves discovered in this area prove an early settlement and the continuous use of the area around the later church as a burial place. The cemetery was used until 1874 and then it was opened and converted into today's Peterspark.
The Peterskirche was by the cath. Parish sold in 1818 and demolished in 1819, as a newer and larger Catholic church had existed in the south of the city since the beginning of the 18th century, the Capuchin Church that still exists . The historical St. Peter's patronage of the old church was transferred to them when it was demolished. It is today's Catholic parish church of St. Peter. The church patron St. Peter is likely to come from the Weissenburg monastery, since the abbey church was also dedicated to this apostle. The same applies to the Martinskirche in Grünstadt, which apparently received its patronage from the eponymous abbey church of the Glandern monastery.
From the old St. Peter's Church we know that it is a fortified church acted, the east with a defensive wall was fixed, which in the old freight descriptions "Holy Wall" or "Holy Wall" is, either because they limited the sacred precinct or because they had a shrine . The Peterskirche was in the northern part of the Peterspark, to the left of the main path, right next to Asselheimer Straße. The park area there is still slightly elevated and slopes sharply to the east, towards today's playground. A significant part of the ancient defensive wall (or “Holy Wall” ) with loopholes and remnants of the sandstone crowning stood here until 2015 . Unfortunately, it has since been torn down and leveled by the city administration.
The exact appearance of the old St. Peter's Church is not known. There is, however, an inaccurate representation on a stylized view of Grünstadt before the destruction of 1689. It is privately owned and was walled in in the interior of the Neugasse 46 property to see behind the fortification wall. Accordingly, it should have resembled the still existing Brigittenkirche in Rodenbach or the Martinskirche in Kleinbockenheim .
The Worms Synodal of 1496 describes it as a parish church with 4 altars, of which the main altar and a side altar were consecrated to St. Mary and 2 side altars to St. Catherine of Alexandria and St. Nicholas . In that year the practicing masters of Reipoltzkirchen and Friedrich views of Lichtenberg the church patronage of alternate and had to bear the easement. In 1562, the Counts of Leiningen , who had become Lutheran, introduced the Reformation in Grünstadt, and in 1565, by means of an exchange agreement, they also obtained the church patronage of St. this became a Lutheran church. Count Philipp Ludwig , who converted to the Catholic Church in 1671, initially granted the Catholics the right of joint use. When denominational disputes persisted, they were given the sole right of use in 1689, while St. Martin's Church was awarded to the Lutherans. It stayed that way until the St. Peter's Church was demolished, but the surrounding cemetery was of mixed denomination. In 1689 and 1794 the church was robbed and devastated by the French.
literature
- Walter Lampert: 1100 years of Grünstadt . City administration Grünstadt, 1975, pp. 314–317
- Michael Frey : Attempt at a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal. bayer. Rheinkreises , Volume 2, Speyer, 1836, p. 286; (Digital view)
Web links
- Entry on Burg Grünstadt in the private database "Alle Burgen" (mention of the fortified cemetery and St. Peter's Church).
Individual evidence
- ^ Intelligence Gazette of the Rhine District , year 1818, p. 615; (Digital scan for the church auction, 1818)
- ↑ Digital view of the original entry in the Worms Synodale
- ^ Fair copy of the entry in the Worms Synodale