Reipoltskirchen moated castle
| Reipoltskirchen moated castle | ||
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 Reipoltskirchen moated castle |
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| Alternative name (s): | Reipoltskirchen Castle | |
| Creation time : | 1100 to 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg, location | |
| Conservation status: | Preserved essential parts | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Construction: | Sandstone | |
| Place: | Reipoltskirchen | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 38 '6.5 " N , 7 ° 39' 48.7" E | |
| Height: | 208 m above sea level NHN | |
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The Wasserburg Reipoltskirchen is a moated castle in the local community Reipoltskirchen in the district of Kusel in Rhineland-Palatinate . It is considered to be the best preserved moated castle in the Palatinate .
The castle is located in the village at 208 m above sea level. NHN on an artificial hill on the Odenbach , built around a rock spur .
history
Meffried von Reipoltskirchen, the first nobleman, was named as early as 1198, so the castle could already have existed at this time. The first secure mention of a castle in Reipoltskirchen, castro Ripoltskirchen, did not take place until a document from 1276, when the castle came into the possession of Theodorich (Dietrich) von Hohenfels . The von Hohenfels were a sideline of the Lords of Bolanden , who later called themselves "Lords of Reipoltskirchen" in another Hohenfels side branch. When the ancestral castle of the von Hohenfels family was destroyed in 1351, the Hohenfels family from the older line probably sought refuge temporarily with their cousin Konrad in the Reipoltskirchen moated castle. The last Hohenfelser from the older line sold the rest of his remaining inheritance due to poverty and “notturfft lipplicher narung” and had to spend his old age in a house belonging to Neuenbaumburg near his Raugräflich-Bolandischen relatives.
In 1401, Nikolaus Vogt von Hunolstein used the castle owned ( Wittum ) by his wife Ida von Erbach as a base during a military conflict with Duke Karl of Lorraine . The duke besieged the castle and took it. Nikolaus, who also called himself Mr. zu Hunolstein, and his stepson Eberhard von Hohenfels, Mr. zu Reipoltskirchen, signed an atonement agreement with Duke Karl von Lorraine on March 27, 1401 . Temporarily a quarter of the castle and dominion had to be ceded to Lorraine. The Vogt von Hunolstein experienced additional humiliation and was appointed to the castle (Sloss Ripoltzkirchen) as administrator of the Lorraine part.
At the beginning of the 16th century, the castle was probably made suitable for firearms by the brothers Johann (comrade-in-arms Franz von Sickingens) and Wolfgang von Hohenfels-Reipoltskirchen. Johann II, to whom this expansion was previously attributed, was still a child at that time and can only be verified from 1538 to 1570.
The von Hohenfels died with Johann III. (Grandson of Johann II.) 1602. As a result of a will from the year 1603, by Countess Amalia, the mother of the last Hohenfelser, after her death in 1608 the complex passed to her two brothers Emich u. Sebastian, Count of Daun-Falkenstein . However, they died without descendants entitled to inheritance (physical heirs), so the castle and rule came to her two nephews, sons of her sister Sidonia, the Swedish Counts Johann-Casimir and others, through Countess Amalia's subsequent decree in 1628. Sten (Steino) von Löwenhaupt-Rasburg, cousins (great cousins) of the Swedish King Gustav II Adolf from the Wasa family. At least half of the castle complex and the rule came to the Counts of Manderscheid-Kail through marriage and by inheritance . In 1730, Imperial Count Franz Wilhelm Kaspar von Hillesheim was able to acquire half of this share. The other half of Johann-Casimir's lordship remained in the family property of the Counts of Löwenhaupt-Rasburg until 1763 and was then sold to Imperial Count Philipp Andreas von Ellrodt .
In 1770/1773 an attempt was made to sell Ellrodt's share of the rulership to Pfalz-Zweibrücken , which, however, failed due to disregarded pre-emptive rights.
In 1777/1778 the property was administered in the condominium under Count Wilhelm Ernst Gottfried von Hillesheim and Princess Karoline von Isenburg , a daughter of the Palatinate Elector Karl Theodor . In 1797 the property was expropriated as part of the French occupation. The castle grounds and their buildings were bought by auction on November 30, 1808, by Maire von Lauterecken , Karl Baumann, the dealer Heinrich Puricelli and the farmer Johann Bacher. A short time later, in 1836, the buildings are described as ruinous because some of them were also used as a quarry. Around 1830, the Speyer district archivist Peter Gayer (1793–1836) recorded the condition at that time in a sepia drawing, the second oldest known picture of the castle. The oldest depiction comes from Baron Stephan von Stengel . It is an etching that he titled “à ReipoldsKirchen” and the Frenchized name “p. Et. De Stengel 1772 ”signed. The castle is shown in a ruinous state, probably seen from the north. Possibly views from different angles could also be combined in Stengel's etching.
The Kusel district acquired most of the nuclear facility in 1988 . It was renovated in 2005 with extensive renovation measures. Today it is a restaurant , a registry office and a painting school. The keep is freely accessible and can be climbed as a lookout tower . The steel viewing platform in the middle offers a good view of Reipoltskirchen.
Reipoltskirchen rule
Reipoltskirchen Castle was the seat of the empire-direct rule of the same name .
The rule consisted of the following 15 localities:
Reipoltskirchen , Berzweiler , Dörnbach , Finkenbach , Gersweiler , Hefersweiler , Moorbach , Niederkirchen , Nussbach , Rathskirchen , Reichsthal , Rölsberg , Rudolphskirchen , Schönborn and Seelen .
investment
The 17 meter high keep and the curtain walls are still preserved from the sandstone castle . The rooms, which have been expanded since the 1970s, are now used as a painting school.
literature
- Martin Dolch, Hans-Joachim Kühn, Stefan Ulrich, Achim Wendt: Reipoltskirchen . In: Jürgen Keddigkeit , Ulrich Burkhart, Rolf Übel (eds.): Palatinate Castle Lexicon . Volume 4.1. Kaiserslautern 2007, pp. 227-240.
- Alexander Thon, Hans Reither, Peter Pohlit: "Like swallows' nests glued to the rocks ..." Castles in the Northern Palatinate . Regensburg 2005, ISBN 3-7954-1674-4 .
- à ReipoldsKirchen 1772 - A beautiful spirit in the diplomatic service. Prints and drawings by Stephan von Stengel. Edited by Henner-Wolfgang Harling u. a. Mannheim 2008. (Publications of the Reiss-Engelhorn-Museums; 32) ISBN 978-3-89735-566-8
- Document book Hunolstein II., No. 120, p. 108 ff.
Web links
- Entry on Wasserburg Reipoltskirchen in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Wasserburg on the website of the Reipoltskirchen community ( memento from January 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ History Reipoltskirchen - Home. Retrieved January 21, 2017 .
- ↑ To the oldest picture by Peter Gayer, under the year 1830
- ↑ Michael Frey : Attempt of a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal Bavarian Rhine district Volume 1, Speyer 1837, S, 466 ( Google Books )