Ellrodt (noble family)

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Baron coat of arms of Philipp Andreas Ellrodt in the church of St. Georgen

The von Ellrodt family was a family in the service of the Principality of Bayreuth , which was raised to the rank of imperial count . They owned the manors Neudrossenfeld , Lanzendorf , Neunhofen , Lausnitz Castle and Reipoltskirchen .

history

The traces of the Ellrodts family members who were raised to the nobility can be traced back to Kulmbach as far back as the beginning of the 17th century . Civil family members named Ellrod are associated with Gefrees parish . While the noble family of Ellrodt died out shortly before the middle of the 19th century, descendants of the bourgeois Ellrods can still be found today, especially in the Bavarian region.

The first count, Philipp Andreas von Ellrodt (* 1707; † 1767)
His son, Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Ellrodt (* 1737; † 1765)

Ascent to the imperial count

The sons of Master Doctor Johann Michael Ellrod (1672–1709) and Magdalena Rosine, daughter of the stable master Johann Georg Ortt, gained respect in the principality. Wolfgang Friedrich Ellrod (* 1704) was a Privy Councilor and then Consistorial President. He was raised to the nobility in 1762. Male descendants can be found as Prussian officers, but the line is considered dead. The third son, Germann August Ellrod (1709–1760), was offered the rise of the nobility, but he refused. His merit lies in spiritual and educational tasks, among other things he was first theology professor at the University of Erlangen .

The second son Philipp Andreas (1707–1767) was one of the closest collaborators of Margrave Friedrich III. and at the end of his life practically exercised the rule over the principality. In 1750 he was raised to the nobility, in 1759 to the rank of baron and in 1762 to the rank of imperial count. He was a member of the Red Eagle Order . Many details about his person have come down to us from the memoirs of Margravine Wilhelmine .

In 1689, Margrave Christian Ernst had sold the Drossenfeld manor to the Privy Court and Justice Council and feudal provost Johann Wolfgang Franke. After Franke's death in 1707, his siblings and their children inherited the property. Among these was the mother of the later Count of Ellrodt. From 1740 onwards, Philipp Andreas Ellrodt bought the shares of the other beneficiaries and in 1752 became the sole owner of the Drossenfeld manor. Letters of purchase about the Lausnitz and Neunhofen manors from 1745 are in the Bamberg State Archives.

Expansion of rule

Moated castle Reipoltskirchen 2010

In 1763, the margravial First Minister and Landscape President Philipp Andreas Graf von Ellrodt bought Count Löwenhaupt , who came from Swedish nobility, his share in Reipoltskirchen for 140,000 guilders. Count Löwenhaupt had owned the entire Reipoltskirchen reign since 1608 through an inheritance. Due to marriage and the absence of male heirs, Reipoltskirchen became a community of heirs in 1628. Since 1730, the Counts Löwenhaupt had to share control of Reipoltskirchen with the Counts of Hillesheim . The purchase agreement between Ellrodt and Löwenhaupt was preceded by a detailed description of the Reipoltskirchen rule.

" Drossenfeld Castle near Baireuth in 1763."

Count Philipp Andreas von Ellrodt and son Friedrich Wilhelm, as owners of the Neudrossenfeld manor, have considerably expanded the castle there. After the marriage in 1763 of the 26-year-old son Friedrich Wilhelm Reichsgraf von Ellrodt, envoy of the margraves at the Viennese court, with Countess Christine Wilhelmine Luise von Löwenhaupt, Drossenfeld Castle was to be expanded to become the residence of the young couple and Neudrossenfeld to be their rulership . The Bayreuth margrave architect Carl von Gontard took over the planning and execution. An English garden with avenues, fruit trees, fountains and walking paths was laid out in 1763 where the “Sommerleite” residential area is located today . During this time Gontard also laid out the hanging gardens in the south of the palace. The Ellrodt family crypt and a separate box for the family are located in the newly built Trinity Church in the margrave style at the north portal. The foundation stone for the first rectory in Neudrossenfeld was also laid under von Ellrodt. Count Friedrich Wilhelm had a village called Lerchenfeld consisting of twelve houses. The construction activities also include the Ellrodtsche Gartenportikus in Bayreuth .

Decline

Lanzendorf , church and former castle

Under the successor of Margrave Friedrich, the Counts of Ellrodt fell out of favor at times, the marriage of the young couple did not last long, Friedrich von Ellrodt died before his father at the age of 28 of a breast disease, barely 18 months after the wedding. Work on the castle was abruptly stopped. On his death in 1767, the old count left his wife in building debts of 230,000 guilders in addition to Neudrossenfeld Castle, goods and privileges . The Bamberg State Archives contain files for the period 1769/1771 confirming the purchase contract for the Voita manor between the Seiz heirs and the widowed Countess von Ellrodt. There are also files on the fact that Councilor von Knebel zu Ansbach litigated the heirs of Count von Ellrodt in the period 1766–1792 because of the succession to the male part of the Lanzendorf manor. 1773–1774 the fiefdoms were renovated in the von Ellrodt'schen part of the Lanzendorf manor. At the same time, the monastery administrator Gromann zu Kulmbach made a request for the purchase of the paternal share in the Lanzendorf manor. So in 1774 the Count von Ellrodt's heirs litigated against the bailiff Gromann zu Kulmbach for disturbing property at the Lanzendorf manor. In 1777 Gromann, whose ancestor, Chamber Councilor Johann Wolfgang Gromann, was enfeoffed with the manor by Margrave Georg Wilhelm as early as 1710, became the owner of the Lanzendorf manor, but it was not until 1790 that the fiefdom of the von Ellrodt's children sought a fiefdom consent for the sale half of the share in the Lanzendorf manor.

Sale of Ellrodt's goods

The old Countess Anna Marie Sophie von Ellrodt († 1787) outlived her husband by two decades

Duke Christian IV von Zweibrücken bought Ellrodt's half of the Reipoltskirchen estate in 1773, but after a decision by the Viennese court court, this purchase had to be returned to Count Ellrodt's widow because of a lawsuit brought by Countess von Hillesheim, as relatives of Ellrodt had been betrayed. The parts were only returned in 1779.

Princess Karoline von Isenburg had Baron Ludwig von Esebeck , lord of the Ingweilerhof estate , buy Ellrodt's share in Reipoltskirchen. This purchase contract was approved by her father Karl Theodor in his capacity as elector on February 1, 1778. Ellrodt's ownership of Reipoltskirchen ended with that.

In 1775 von Ellrodt had to sell Neudrossenfeld Castle and all of its lands to Georg Christoph Freiherr von Reitzenstein for 52,000 guilders. The steep ascent of the Ellrodt family came to an abrupt end. The palace complex was still in aristocratic ownership until the death of Freiherr von Reitzenstein and his wife Magdalena Christina in 1789; eight bourgeois owners followed over the next 200 years. In the 19th century, among other things, it belonged to both the Hölzel inn and the family of the brewery owner Schnupp.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Lords of Ellrodt

The coat of arms awarded in the nobility diploma (1750 or 1762) shows three red roses under a silver shield head , a (curved) silver tip on a blue background, this topped with a black (golden crowned) eagle. In each of the two blue fields there is an inward-facing golden lion. On the helmet with red and silver blankets on the right, blue and gold on the left, a growing golden lion.

  • Coat of arms of Neudrossenfeld with elements of the arms of those of Ellrodt

  • Ellrodt coat of arms in the Ellrodt box of the Dreigfaltigkeitskirche in Neudrossenfeld

  • Paternal coat of arms of Christine Wilhelmine Luise von Ellrodt, née Countess Löwenhaupt ( Lewenhaupt, Leijonhufvud )

The “improved” coat of arms awarded in the baron diploma (1759) is quartered and covered with a red heart shield, inside a silver sloping bar, covered with the three red roses; Fields 1 and 4: in silver the black eagle, fields 2 and 3: divided five times by blue and silver; the shield is crowned with the barons crown, on which rest three crowned helmets: the right one with red and silver covers carries a black eagle wing, covered with a sloping beam, on top of it the three red roses, the middle one with blue and silver covers carries the growing golden lion , crowned in gold, and the one on the left with two buffalo horns with blue-silver covers, labeled as fields 2 and 3. Shield holders are two outward-looking golden lions. The Order of the Red Eagle is placed on a red ribbon around the coat of arms of Baron Philipp with the year "1756" , because he belonged to this order.

The coat of arms of the "Count Ellrodt von Reipolzkirchen" is in turn an increased coat of arms: the main shield is divided and split three times (eight fields) and bears a heart shield, as in the barons coat of arms. Fields 1 and 8 show a waved sloping beam in silver, fields 2 and 7 are labeled as fields 1 and 4 from 1759, fields 3 and 6 are labeled as fields 2 and 3 from 1759, fields 4 and 5 show a silver church on a green hill (on alluding to the possession of Reipoltskirchen). On the main shield rests the count's crown (nine visible pearl-crowned points) and on it three crowned helmets, on the left with the eagle as in the shield, turned inwards, the middle one with the growing lion as in 1759, the right one with the black eagle wing as in 1759, topped with one Inclined beam, on it the three red roses. Shield holder as in 1759.

literature

Web links

Commons : Ellrodt  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Stefan Nöth: Bamberg State Archives, Geheime Landesregierung (with predecessor authorities) 1197 - 1791, 2010, contains information on massive files relating to the von Ellrodt family ( digitized ; PDF; 2.3 MB)
  • Biographies and portraits at barnick.de

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Johann Siebmacher's large coat of arms book, 3 Supplement, Nuremberg published by the Raspische Buchhandlung publishing house ( digitized version )