Old Jewish cemetery Heddernheim

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The Jewish cemetery ...
... near the Römerstadt underground station
Location of the Jewish cemetery in Heddernheim (map from 1865)

The Old Jewish Cemetery Heddernheim is a Jewish cemetery in Frankfurt am Main . The last burial took place in 1937.

history

As early as the Middle Ages , there was evidence of a Jewish community in Heddernheim , whose members mainly settled in the "Langgass" (now the Alt Heddernheim street ) running parallel to the Nidda . A small synagogue (demolished in 1943) was located at Langgass 33. As early as 1376, a Jewish cemetery was set up on the property at Langgass 9 and was occupied until the beginning of the 19th century. According to the Heddernheim Jewish Regulations, issued by the Archbishopric of Mainz in 1771, the Jewish cemetery, which was now in the middle of the development, was to be moved outside, but the community held on to its historic burial site. Due to the rapidly growing Jewish population in Heddernheim, the cemetery was fully occupied in 1802. An extension to the Nidda allowed burials to take place until 1827, after which the deceased were buried in the Jewish cemeteries of Rödelheim and Niederursel .

At the end of the 1830s, the community laid out a new cemetery outside the village. It was now at the highest point on the country road between Heddernheim and Praunheim , which follows Elisabethenstraße here (today: In the Roman city ). As early as 1840, burials were carried out in the new cemetery. Since the Jewish community had to sell the area of ​​the old cemetery in Langgass in 1843 because a house was to be built there, only the bones that were recovered during the excavation of the house foundation were transferred to the new cemetery. They were buried in a common grave.

Numerous tombstones were also brought to the new cemetery and leaned against the outer walls. The largest Jewish community in the Duchy of Nassau had developed in Heddernheim by the middle of the 19th century , although the proportion of Jewish families fell sharply in the second half of the 19th century. The Jewish cemetery was expanded several times, most recently to an area of ​​approx. 1,800 m². In 1875 the cemetery was given an enclosure wall, the red bricks of which came from the nearby brickworks . On the opposite side of the street, the south side, the (Christian) Heddernheimer Friedhof was laid out in 1872. The properties of both cemeteries are located on the eastern third of the part of the development of the Roman municipal town of Nida, known as “Heidenfeld” . Also dead from the smaller Jewish Vordertaunus communities and Niederursel were now buried in Heddernheim. The last funeral took place in 1937 with “Sessi Salomon geb. Mutton ”instead. In 1942 the property was transferred to the city of Frankfurt am Main. The now former cemetery suffered considerable damage to the cemetery wall and tombstones in the course of the Second World War. With the construction of Rosa-Luxemburg-Strasse in the early 1970s, the cemetery on the east side was reduced in size and the cemetery wall was moved. The cemetery is closed to the public.

inventory

Number of stones: approx. 60 old stones on the wall (with inscription) and approx. 25 younger foreign stones as well as 20 stones on other sides of the wall (mostly without writing and 1 old one). Four rows with approx. 30 stones standing left hand from approx. 1810 to approx. 1840, then the main part in 5 rows with 94 stones, finally in the new part approx. 45 stones. Total: approx. 275 stones (source: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem)

literature

Web links

Commons : Jüdischer Friedhof Heddernheim (Frankfurt am Main)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

See also

Coordinates: 50 ° 9 ′ 15.4 "  N , 8 ° 38 ′ 15.4"  E