Anvil (anatomy)
The anvil (Latin incus, incudis f. ) Is a small bone in the middle ear of mammals and belongs to the ossicles . It lies between the hammer and the stirrup and is important for the transmission of sound .
phylogenesis
The anvil arises embryonically from the upper part of the 1st gill arch , the so-called palatoquadratum. In non-mammals, the os quadratum is still the primary jaw joint and is related to Meckel's cartilage .
Anatomy of the anvil in man
The anvil in the human ear consists of a body ( corpus ) on which there is an articular surface for the articulated connection with the hammer. A long and a short leg, crus longum and crus breve, arise from the body . The crus longum ends in the lens bone process ( processus lenticularis ), which is articulated with the stapes. The length of the body varies between 4.8 and 5.4 millimeters, the length of the long leg between 4.3 and 5.5 millimeters. The anvil has a mass of about 30 milligrams.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Graphic on the development of the temporomandibular joints and their derivatives ( Memento from February 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Barry J. Anson, James A. Donaldson: Surgical Anatomy of the Temporal Bone . Saunders, Philadelphia 1981, ISBN 0-7216-1292-X .
- ^ Stanley A. Gelfand: Essentials of Audiology . Thieme, New York and Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-13-103631-1 , pp. 46 .
