Andrea Ablasser

Andrea Ablasser (2014)

Andrea Ablasser (born July 13, 1983 in Bad Friedrichshall ) is a German physician ( immunology ).

Career

Ablasser studied human medicine at the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich with a state examination in 2008 and a doctorate in 2010. During her studies, she also spent a few months at the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester . She completed her internship at LMU Munich and partly at Harvard Medical School and Oxford University . In her dissertation in the laboratory of Stefan Endres (her doctoral supervisor ) and Gunther Hartmann at LMU Munich, she dealt with immunotherapy against cancer . Then she turned to immunological research. She is currently (2013) assistant doctor and junior research group leader at the Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology at the University of Bonn in Veit Hornung's laboratory . In 2014 she became an assistant professor at the École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne .

The innate immune system has pattern recognition receptors (PRR) for potentially pathogenic elements (PAMP) foreign to the body or the body's stress response (DAMP) triggered by them.

She also identified a new messenger substance (cGAMP (2'-5 ')), which after recognizing viruses or bacteria (via a receptor for their DNA - cGAMP synthase or cGAS for short - which synthesizes the messenger substance) puts neighboring cells on "alert." “Moved. The messenger substance spreads to neighboring cells via gap junctions and activates the STING receptors in the endoplasmic reticulum , which in turn trigger the immune response (such as secretion of type 1 interferon ).

In the macrophages in the lungs, cGas and inflammasomes are used to detect foreign DNA such as that of bacteria. This triggers an immune response via interleukins , which in turn is dampened by interferon 1. The tubercle bacterium actively secreted DNA as their laboratory found to dampen the immune response via interferon 1.

In 2013 she received the Jürgen Wehland Prize and in 2014 the Young Talent Prize of the Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize for research into the recognition of bacteria and viruses in the innate immune system , which is also one of the main research topics in Hornung's laboratory. Ablasser dealt in particular with the identification of the PRR for viral and bacterial genetic material and was able to identify various sensors for viral DNA as well as the novel messenger substance (cGAMP (2'-5 ')).

In 2015 she published studies on how tuberculosis bacteria fool the immune system.

In 2014 she received a Starting Grant from the Swiss Research Association SNSF (comparable to an ERC Starting Grant). For 2018 she was awarded the National Latsis Prize (Switzerland) for her research on the innate immune system and the Prix Zonta. In 2019, Ablasser was elected to the European Molecular Biology Organization .

Fonts (selection)

• with M. Charrel-Dennis, F. Bauernfeind, G. Horvath, V. Hornung, DR Caffrey, E. Latz and KA Fitzgerald: AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1-activating inflammasome with ASC. In: Nature. Volume 458, 2009, pp. 514-518.
• with F. Bauernfeind, G. Hartmann, V. Hornung, E. Latz and KA Fitzgerald: RIG-I-dependent sensing of poly (dA: dT) through the induction of an RNA polymerase III-transcribed RNA intermediate. In: Nature Immunology. Volume 10, 2009, pp. 1065-1072.
• Filiz Civril, Tobias Deimling, Carina C. de Oliveira Mann, Andrea Ablasser, Manuela Moldt, Gregor Witte, Veit Hornung, Karl-Peter Hopfner: Structural mechanism of cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS. In: Nature. Volume 498, 2013, pp. 332-337. (Abstract)
• Andrea Ablasser, Marion Goldeck, Taner Cavlar, Tobias Deimling, Gregor Witte, Ingo Röhl, Karl-Peter Hopfner, Janos Ludwig, Veit Hornung: cGAS produces a 2′-5′-linked cyclic dinucleotide second messenger that activates STING. In: Nature. 498, 2013, 380-384. (Abstract)
• Andrea Ablasser, Jonathan L. Schmid-Burgk, Inga Hemmerling, Gabor L. Horvath, Tobias Schmidt, Eicke Latz, Veit Hornung: Cell intrinsic immunity spreads to bystander cells via the intercellular transfer of cGAMP. In: Nature. Volume 503, 2013, pp. 530-534, (abstract)
• R. Wassermann, MF Gulen, C. Sala, S. Garcia-Perin, Y. Lou, J. Rybniker, JL Schmid-Burgk, T. Schmidt, V. Hornung, ST Cole, A. Ablasser: The ESX-1 secretion system of 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis' differentially regulates cGAS- and inflammasome-dependent intracellular immune responses. In: Cell Host & Microbe. 17, 2015, pp. 1-12. doi: 10.1016 / j.chom.2015.05.003

Web links

• Drain lab
• Acceptance speech by Ablasser at the Ehrlich-Darmstaedter Prize (PDF)
• idw for the Ehrlich Darmstaedter Prize

Individual evidence

1. ↑ R. Wassermann, A. Ablasser et al: The ESX-1 secretion system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis differentially regulates cGAS- and inflammasome-dependent intracellular immune responses. In: Cell Host & Microbe. Volume 17, 2015, pp. 1–12.
2. ↑ Helmholtz Center for Infection Research ( Memento of the original dated August 6, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
3. ↑ Latsis Prize for EPFL researcher | NZZ . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . November 1, 2018, ISSN  0376-6829 ( nzz.ch ).
4. ^ Prix ​​Zonta 2019 for two women. In: Zentralplus. October 21, 2019, accessed January 22, 2020 .