Common anemone mug
| Common anemone mug | ||||||||||||
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Fruiting bodies of the common anemone cup on wood anemones , partly with excavated sclerotia |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Dumontinia | ||||||||||||
| LM Kohn | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Dumontinia tuberosa | ||||||||||||
| ( Bull .: Fr. ) LM Kohn |
The common anemone cupling ( Dumontinia tuberosa ) is a species of fungus from the monotypic genus Dumontinia from the family of the sclerotia cupling relatives and lives parasitically on different species of anemones .
features
Macroscopic features
The common anemone cupling always forms cup-shaped fruiting bodies ( apothecia ) in the vicinity of anemones . They are medium to dark red-brown and 0.8–2 (–3) cm wide. The consistency is brittle, its 4–10 cm long stalk is tough and elastic, the lower part is often darkly haired and often with clumps of earth and arises from a bulbous sclerotium . The latter is black-barked and white inside, becomes 15–40 mm long, 5–25 mm wide and is usually located on the rhizomes of the host plant.
Microscopic features
The cylindrical-lobed tubes ( Asci ) measure 120–170 × 8–11 μm. The smooth ascospores are hyaline , long-elliptical, usually filled with two drops of oil and measure 12–17 × 5.5–7 μm. The fungus has thread-like sterile elements ( paraphyses ) in the fruit layer ( hymenium ).
Species / genus delimitation
The most important distinguishing feature from the closely related genus of the sclerotia ( Sclerotinia ) is the special structure of the excipulum : The outer layer consists of cylindrical cells ("Textura prismatica"), the inner layer of a loose hyphae that is embedded in a gelatinous matrix. In addition, no secondary fruit form is known from the common sclerotia cup .
Ecology and diffusion
The common anemones cup Ling lives parasitically on different types of anemones , v. a. on wood anemones , but also on the yellow anemone . It usually forms the fruiting bodies in early spring shortly before its host plant flowers. Due to the sturdy stalk and the sclerotium, which is up to 5 cm deep, the fungus is connected to the creeping sprouts (rhizomes) of the infested wood anemones, which have been emaciated by its parasitic mycelium and thus turned into black tubular skins. Gerhardt says it is not often; Flück, on the other hand, describes it as frequent. He is known from Central, Western and Northern Europe. Finds have also been reported from Japan.
Surname
The generic name honors the mycologist Kent P. Dumont . The type epithet indicates the bulbous sclerotium.
Systematics
Originally described by Bulliard as Peziza tuberosa , the anemone cupling was long placed in the genus Sclerotinia because it also forms sclerotia. The mycologist Linda Kohn, however, set up her own genus due to the structure of the excipulum. A second species was described by Holst-Jensen, namely Dumontinia ulmariae , which lives parasitically on meadowsweet . The assumption of belonging to Dumontinia turned out to be wrong. The species is validly called Hyalopeziza millepunctata , from the Hylopezizaceae family . The anemone cupling genus Dumontinia is therefore monotypical.
swell
literature
- Linda M. Kohn: A monographic revision of the genus Sclerotinia . In: Mycotaxon . tape 9 , no. 2 , 1979, p. 365-444 ( article online ).
- Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms . 4th edition. BLV, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8354-0053-3 , p. 568 .
- Markus Flück, which mushroom is that? 3rd edition Kosmos, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-440-11561-9 , p. 377
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dumontinia tuberosa (Bull.) LM Kohn, 1979 - Anemone Cup. In: GBIF Portal. Retrieved January 28, 2014 .
- ↑ Dumontinia tuberosa (Bull.) LM Kohn, Mycotaxon 9 (2): 432 (1979). In: Species Fungorum. Retrieved January 28, 2014 .
