Anhalt State Archives

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The Anhalt State Archives , which until 1919 were the Ducal Anhalt House and State Archives , was the state archive responsible for the transmission of the Principality, the Duchy and the Free State and, from 1934, the State of Anhalt . It was in Zerbst Castle . Its successor institution was the State Archives Oranienbaum as a former branch of the State Archives Magdeburg, today's legal and functional successor is the Dessau Department of the State Archives Saxony-Anhalt .

history

Zerbst Castle (before 1945)
East wing of Zerbst Castle (2017)

Fixed chancellery seems to have developed in Anhalt only towards the end of the 13th century. An archive system from Anhalt can be recorded in writing in 1339, when Abbot Eckart von Ballenstedt confirmed a certificate to Prince Albrecht and Waldemar von Anhalt about the sale of the village of Niendorf with his abbot's seal. He mentions that there is an earlier document for the same sale with the seal of the Ballenstedt chapter: "littere predicte recondite sunt in Cerwist cum aliis litteris dictorum principum", and thus proves that there was a princely archive in Zerbst. It can be assumed that other Anhalt princes also maintained such an archive. With the unification of the Anhalt lines at the end of the 16th century, the records in Dessau Castle were merged as a complete archive; after the re-division of the principality, several line archives were formed in the respective residences until, after the collapse again in 1863, it was necessary to found a separate archive. The choice fell on the Zerbst location, where the Ducal Anhalt House and State Archives moved into rooms in the corps de logis and the east wing of the palace in 1872. It was assigned to the ducal state ministry. As a result of the law on the dispute with the former ducal house and the dispute agreement based on it of July 23, 1919, the holdings of the ducal house archive were separated from the state holdings, both of which remained in Zerbst Castle. In 1920 the Zerbst city archive was also transferred there.

Stocks

The total extent of the holdings can no longer be exactly reconstructed. The core holdings were the Anhalt General Archive with the history up to the division of the country, as well as the so-called departmental holdings of the sub-principalities, which were set up as uniform holdings according to a library classification scheme. The following repertories can be verified:

  • Rep. 1 land registers (Salbuch)
  • Rep. 2 court books (trading books)
  • Rep. 3 loan books
  • Rep. 4 Order Archives
  • Rep. 5 Anhalt-Dessau State Ministry
  • Rep. 6 Anhalt-Dessau-Koethensches State Ministry
  • Rep. 7 Anhalt State Ministry of Anhalt-Dessau-Köthen
  • Rep. 8 Anhalt-Bernburg State Ministry
  • Rep. 9 Anhalt State Ministry
  • Rep. 10 Anhalt State Ministry - War Books
  • Rep. 11 Anhalt Customs Directorate
  • Rep. 12 Dessau Government, Dept. of the Interior
  • Rep. 12 Dessau Government, Dept. of the Interior (new)
  • Rep. 13 Bernburg government
  • Rep. 14 Finance Directorate
  • Rep. 14 A Forest files
  • Rep. 14 B Domain files
  • Rep. 14 F Government, Forestry Department
  • Rep. 15 Anhalt Consistory
  • Rep. 15 A Consistory Zerbst
  • Rep. 15 B Consistory Koethen
  • Rep. 16 military records
  • Rep. 17 Coswig prison
  • Rep. 18 Anhalt State Parliament
  • Rep. 19 State Rabbinate
  • Rep. 20 Catholic and Jewish civil status registers
  • Rep. 21 district physics
  • Rep. 22 district directorates
  • Rep. 23 district administrative courts
  • Rep. 24 Ducal Higher Regional Court
  • Rep. 25 Anhalt State Statistical Office
  • Rep. 26 Anhaltische Salzwerke Solvayhall
  • Rep. 27 Higher Regional Court Dessau
  • Rep. 28 Bernburg Court of Appeal
  • Rep. 29 district courts, city and regional courts, district court commissions
  • Rep. 30 Chief Public Prosecutor Dessau
  • Rep. 31 State notaries' offices
  • Rep. 32 Ballenstedt building administration

Deposit

  • Dep. 2 song board Zerbst
  • Dep. 6 Agricultural Association Zerbst
  • Dep. 8 Anhalt guilds
  • Dep. 9 Association of civil servants, Koethen local cartel
  • Dep. 11, I Reich authorities, Dessau pension office
  • Dep. 11, III Reich authorities, Reich Patent Office
  • Dep. 12a hostels to home (migrant workplaces)
  • Dep. 15 Family archive of the von Röder zu Hoym and Harzgerode
  • Dep. 17 Bergholz family archive
  • Dep. 18 archives of the city of Großalsleben
  • Dep. 19 archives of the city of Jeßnitz
  • Dep. 20 Koethen Agricultural Association

Evidence of holdings without a repertoire name

  • Association for poultry breeding and bird protection in Zerbst and the surrounding area
  • Club society in Zerbst
  • Masonic Lodge Esiko to the rising light
  • Fleet club

ladder

Head of the State Archives were Ferdinand Siebigk (1872–1886), Franz Kindscher (1886–1901), Hermann Laundry (1901–1925), Theodor Schulze (1925–1926) and Reinhold Specht (1926–1945, in personal union with the management of the City Archives Zerbst). Until the end of 1945, Wolf-Heino Struck, previously employed as State Archives Assessor, ran the archive in place of the imprisoned Reinhold Specht.

War losses

Property stamp of the Anhalt State Archives

In 1942, archival records began to be moved to several relocation sites. Zerbst Castle was badly damaged in the bombardment of the city on April 16, 1945, and many of the archive materials still in the cellar were lost. The archived documents and those that remained in Zerbst Castle were gradually brought to Oranienbaum Castle.

Another part of the tradition was brought to the pits of the Solvay works in Bernburg (Saale) and the Preussag in Schönebeck (Elbe) . Many of the stocks stored there were confiscated by the American occupation forces and later stored in the Göttingen archives and in Koblenz until they were returned to the Oranienbaum branch of the Magdeburg State Archives in 1987. Other archival material was alienated in Zerbst and at the relocation sites.

The service registry of the Anhalt State Archives as well as the service library fell victim to the air raid on Zerbst. Today's holdings Z 290 Zerbst State Archives only contain fragments of the delivery.

All archival material currently considered to be a lust for war is recorded in the database www.lostart.de . In the past few years, the State Archives of Saxony-Anhalt have been able to regain several private archives that were considered lost.

literature

  • Berent Schwineköper : On the history of the Landesarchiv Oranienbaum (near Dessau) , in: Der Archivar 5 (1952), Sp. 68.
  • Marlies Ross: 1872-1997. From the Anhaltisches Staatsarchiv Zerbst to the Landesarchiv Oranienbaum , in: Mitteilungen des Verein für Anhaltische Landeskunde 6 (1997), pp. 126–130.
  • Angela Erbacher: Habent sua fata ... - Sources for the biography of Prince Franz in the State Archives Saxony-Anhalt, Dessau department , in: Holger Zaunstöck (Ed.): The life of the Prince. Studies on the biography of Leopold IV. Friedrich Franz von Anhalt-Dessau (1740–1817) , Halle 2008, pp. 49–62.
  • Andreas Erb: The Anhalt Archive - an important corpus of sources on the Reformation and confessionalization , in: Heiner Lück and Wolfgang Breul (eds.): State, Church and Society of Anhalts in the Age of Confessionalization , Leipzig 2015, pp. 93–112.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ulrich Schrecker: Das Landesfürstliche Officials in Anhalt from its first beginnings to the issue of certain administrative regulations (around 1200–1574) , Breslau 1906, p. 20.
  2. ^ Document from Abbot Eckart von Ballenstedt dated November 30, 1339, in: Otto von Heinemann (Ed.): Codex diplomaticus Anhaltinus , Vol. 3, Dessau 1877, 507, No. 720.
  3. ^ Hermann Laundry : Anhaltische Geschichte , vol. 1, Köthen 1913, p. 529.
  4. ↑ Example of the recovery of archive material alienated during the war , another example