Schönebeck (Elbe)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Schönebeck (Elbe)
Schönebeck (Elbe)
Map of Germany, position of the city Schönebeck (Elbe) highlighted

Coordinates: 52 ° 1 ′  N , 11 ° 44 ′  E

Basic data
State : Saxony-Anhalt
County : Salzlandkreis
Height : 53 m above sea level NHN
Area : 86.02 km 2
Residents: 30,532 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 355 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 39217, 39218
Primaries : 03928, 039200
License plate : SLK, ASL, BBG, SBK, SFT
Community key : 15 0 89 305
City structure: 10 districts

City administration address : 		Markt 1
39218 Schönebeck
Website : www.schoenebeck.de
Lord Mayor : Bert Knoblauch ( CDU )
Location of the town of Schönebeck (Elbe) in the Salzlandkreis
Barby Seeland Seeland Bördeaue Seeland Börde-Hakel Börde-Hakel Ilberstedt Borne Seeland Seeland Wolmirsleben Giersleben Seeland Güsten Plötzkau Alsleben (Saale) Nienburg (Saale) Egeln Barby Bernburg Calbe (Saale) Schönebeck (Elbe) Bördeland Könnern Hecklingen Aschersleben Staßfurtmap
About this picture
Marktplatz (shared space) and market fountain
Schönebecker Elbauenbrücke

Schönebeck (Elbe) is a town in the Salzlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt .

geography

Geographical location

The town of Schönebeck (Elbe) is located east of the Magdeburg Börde on the Elbe , about 15 km south of the state capital Magdeburg . The city center is at a height of about 50–52 m, the urban area rises slightly to the west. The districts east of the Elbe are lower, at an altitude of about 47-48 m. The Schönebeck water level of the water and shipping administration is located at the Schönebecker Elbe bridge . The level zero point is 42.741  m above sea level. NN . The mean water level of the Elbe is 46.5 m, the highest recorded water level was 50.07 m and was reached when the Elbe floods in 1845 . For this reason, the eastern parts of the city have to be protected by dikes. The highest peaks are the Hummelberg (94.4 m) and the Frohser Berge (115.5 m). The Bierer Berg lies southwest of the city . The physical focus (“center”) of Saxony-Anhalt is on a field about 450 m south-southeast of the Hummelberg Tower . It was determined by the State Office for Surveying and Geoinformation Saxony-Anhalt .

geology

Schönebeck is located on the eastern Weferlingen-Schönebecker Triasplatte . Layers of salt stone from the Zechstein Sea were deposited over a base made of Rotliegend . The salt dome extends up to depths that can be explored by miners. In fault zones in the vicinity of the Bad Salzelmen district , surface water can seep in and dissolve the salts, which then emerge as brine springs . Tertiary cover layers, formed from sand and clay layers with intermediate layers of brown coal (e.g. at the former explosives plant around 6 to 23 m below ground level ) lie above the Triassic Plate . The Elbe runs in the glacial valley of the last Ice Age, several kilometers wide . As a result of the bed load movements of the Ice Age, there are terraced layers of gravel and sand. The upper soil layers are mainly determined by blown loess layers . The East Elbe districts of Grünewalde, Elbenau and Ranies are located in the area of ​​the floodplains of the floodplain of the Elbe, which in the likewise East Elbe districts of Plötzky and Pretzien are connected to high altitudes with layers of sand several meters thick over quartzite layers. In this area there are numerous former quarries that have been left open and are now filled with water, with depths of up to 60 m.

climate

There is a central German internal climate in the transition area between the sub-Atlantic climate of Western Europe and the Eastern European continental climate .

Schönebeck lies in the rain shadow of the Harz Mountains. The annual amount of precipitation is around

  • 460–480 l / m² as a long-term average
  • 654 l / m² in wet years
  • 309 l / m² in dry years

Medium temperatures:

  • Annual mean 8.6 ° C
  • July 17.5 ° C
  • January −0.5 ° C

Main wind direction: Southwest (210–270 °)

Districts

Neighboring communities

Schönebeck borders (clockwise from the north) on Magdeburg , Gommern , Barby and Bördeland .

history

middle Ages

Frohse was first mentioned in a document in 936 and is therefore the oldest part of today's town of Schönebeck. Due to a flood, the course of the Elbe changed in 1020 and since then has passed Schönebeck in its current river bed. 150 years later (1170) "Elmen" ("Siedlung am Ulmenbach") was first mentioned in a deed of donation from Archbishop Wichmann (1152–1192) of Magdeburg . Documents from earlier times are said to be forgeries. It was not until 1223 that Schönebeck was first mentioned in a document with its original name "Sconebeke" (perhaps "Siedlung am narrowen Bach", but perhaps also in Old Saxon "Sciene Beke", pronounced "Scoine Beke" = "Beautiful Bach" or "Schönbach"). In 1470 the "Groß Salzer arbitrariness" came into force, in 1490 the "Schönebecker arbitrariness". This was then amended in 1582.

Early modern age

The Schönebeck city archive has the largest collection of files in Saxony-Anhalt from the time of the witch trials . Between 1576 and 1664 more than 30 executions can be documented in this way. In the years 1619 and 1655 in particular, convictions for alleged magical powers increased. The victims from Schönebeck and Groß Salze - such as the "Schnittegallische" (1576) or the "Heringsche" (1660) - were often killed at the stake . Only in the case of Anna Körbitz and Lene Jahn was the secular jurisdiction limited in 1632 to expelling them from the country. Andreas Böttcher, who was also accused, managed to escape in 1655. Despite the good sources, the exact cause of death remains unclear in many cases. Witch persecutions also took place in the districts of Elbenau , Felgeleben, Pretzien and Ranies .

From 1663 to 1745 Groß Salze was owned by the von Pfuel family , who from 1664 also belonged to the Eisleben District Office until they sold it to the Electoral Saxon state in 1798.

In 1680 the three cities of Groß Salze, Frohse and Schönebeck went to the Brandenburg-Prussian Duchy of Magdeburg and were located in a wooden circle . Of the three cities, only Groß Salze was directly subordinate to the government of the duchy as a so-called immediate city , Schönebeck and Frohse remained media cities. One of the first steam engines was built in 1792 at the brine tower in Alt Salze (Elmen) for brine extraction.

Modern times

On October 21, 1806 Schönebeck came under French occupation. On June 29, 1839, the first railway ran between Magdeburg and Schönebeck. On April 18, 1894, the municipality of Alt Salze (Elmen) was incorporated into the then still independent town of Groß Salze. It was initially still called Groß Salze, but was renamed Bad Salzelmen in 1926. Attention should be drawn to the brine bath. The Schoenebeck-Elmener tram joined as Pferdebahn 1886-1917 the Schönebeck station with Wieliczka.

The Nationale Radiator Gesellschaft mbH , founded on April 30, 1901 in Berlin - a subsidiary of the American Radiator Corporation New York - began in 1902 with the production of cast iron radiators and boilers for residential construction in Schönebeck. As early as 1903 the administration moved to Berlin, where the company has operated under the abbreviation NARAG ever since .

The road bridge over the Elbe was inaugurated on November 30, 1912 . Elbenau and Grünewalde, which lie east of the Elbe and belonged to the Jerichow I district, were spun off from this district on April 1, 1913 (as a prerequisite for the approval to build the Elbe bridge) and incorporated into Schönebeck. On July 1, 1923, the municipality Felgeleben was incorporated. On February 1, 1932, Bad Salzelmen, renamed in 1926 (formerly "Groß Salze"), Frohse and Schönebeck merged to form Schönebeck-Bad Salzelmen , but in the following year on March 22, 1933, the city's initial name was changed to "Schönebeck" again. The three cities appeared equally, although in the course of time only "Schönebeck (Elbe)" was spoken of.

In the Reichspogromnacht organized by the NSDAP and SA on 9/10 November 1938, the synagogue (today: Schalom-Haus ), the Conitzer department store on Salzer Strasse and numerous smaller shops and apartments were devastated and ten Jews were deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp . By the end of the Second World War , 43 Jews from Schönebeck had been murdered.

Second World War

From March 19, 1943 until the liberation of Schönebeck by American troops on April 11, 1945, the Julius or Schönebeck I concentration camp existed on Barbyer Strasse. The camp was a satellite camp of the Buchenwald concentration camp . The approximately 1,500 to 1,800 prisoners had to work in arms production in the Junkers factory . Among other things, the struts for the Junkers aircraft were manufactured here. The fate of the last prisoners has not been fully clarified. Before the American invasion, 1536 prisoners were sent on a death march to Sachsenhausen concentration camp on April 11, 1945 and then on to Schwerin . When crossing the Elbe near Barby, around 300 prisoners are said to have escaped. Only 300 to 400 prisoners were freed near Schwerin. In Schönebeck there was also a subcamp of the Buchenwald concentration camp for 400 prisoners who had to manufacture electronic components for the V2 weapons , which only existed for several weeks in the spring of 1945 at NARAG .

The town of Schönebeck was largely spared from war damage during the Second World War. It was not until shortly before the American troops marched in in April 1945 that a house in Breitenweg was destroyed by a lost artillery shell. The arch bridge over the Elbe was blown up by German troops at the end of April 1945. The halls of the Junkers factories survived the war unscathed; they were dismantled and blown up in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . On the foundations of these halls, the halls of the IFA tractor works were rebuilt in the 1960s .

The Julius satellite camp and the labor camp were used after 1945 under the name “Lager Ost” and “Lager West” to receive the expellees from the former German areas. About 35,000 people passed through the camp over the years. It is estimated that around 17,000 of them stayed in the Schönebeck region.

post war period

On February 1, 1946, Schönebeck was removed from the Calbe (Saale) district and declared an independent city. The city held this title for only four years, since on July 1, 1950, the Schönebeck district with the district town of Schönebeck (Elbe) was newly formed. On April 13, 2005, the Bad Salzelmen district finally received the status of a spa .

After extensive construction work, the new Elbe bridge was opened to traffic on May 20, 1952. The newly appointed " Ernst Thälmann Bridge" now again connected the districts of Grünewalde and Elbenau with Schönebeck.

On June 1, 1996, one of the largest accidents involving dangerous goods on German railways occurred in the Schönebeck station exit, in the direction of Halle (Saale) . A freight train derailed and tank wagons loaded with vinyl chloride exploded , causing a catastrophic fire . 18 injuries were the result.

The district of Schönebeck was dissolved on July 1, 2007 as part of the district reform . The new district, consisting of the former districts of Schönebeck, Bernburg and Aschersleben-Staßfurt, is called Salzlandkreis . Due to a controversial state parliament decision, Schönebeck has lost its status as a district town. The new district seat is Bernburg .

On January 1, 2009 Plötzky , Pretzien and Ranies were incorporated.

Religions

The largest religious community is the Evangelical Church . There are eight Protestant parishes which, as a result of the incorporation of the towns of Plötzky, Pretzien and Ranies, belong to two different church districts: St. Johannis in Bad Salzelmen, St. Jakobi in the old town, St. Laurentii in Frohse, Martin Luther in Felgeleben and St. Pankratius in Elbenau belong to the Egeln parish; St. Maria and Maria Magdalena in Plötzky, St. Thomas in Pretzien and St. Lukas in Ranies belong to the Elbe-Fläming parish. The second largest religious community is the Catholic Church of St. Mary. As free church congregations in Schönebeck there is the Evangelical Free Church congregation ( Baptists ) in the SCHALOM house, the Adventist congregation , the Christ congregation and the Elim Church. There is a congregation of the New Apostolic Church in Schönebeck . After the Reichspogromnacht there were no more Jewish settlements in Schönebeck. The Jews living in Schönebeck again today now belong to the Jewish community in Magdeburg. The Protestant meeting place "Schniewind-Haus" , founded by Julius Schniewind , and the Schniewind-Haus sisterhood are located in Schönebeck .

Population development

Population pyramid for Schönebeck (data source: 2011 census)
year Residents
1552 approx. 3625
17th century circa 4470
1787/99 approx. 5750
1843 11,084
circa 1855 12,375
1885 18,534
1889 19,874
circa 1910 28,964
1925 33,415
1939 39,497
year Residents
1950 46,426
1958 44,636
1964 44,336
1970 44,302
1982 44,917
1989 44,660
1991 41,331
1994 39,370
1995 38,786
1996 38,347
year Residents
1997 37,813
1998 37.191
1999 36,968
2000 36,397
2001 35,919
2002 35,395
2003 34,847
2004 34,288
2005 33,823
2006 33,290
year Residents
2007 32,867
2008 34,723
2009 34,305
2010 33,888
2011 32,372
2012 31,870
2013 31,582
2014 31,303
2015 31,366

Comment on the population figures: Due to incorporations, the figures are not consistent and in some cases contain different districts according to the following list:

  • 1552 - the numbers include: Schönebeck around 1400, Frohse around 625, Groß Salze around 1600, source: see literature "Searching for traces ..."
  • 17th century - the numbers include: Schönebeck 1900 (1625), Frohse 150 (1650), Groß Salze 2200 (1607), Elmen 220 (1620), source: see literature "Searching for traces ..."
  • the numbers from 1787/99 are only estimated, as z. Sometimes given imprecisely and from different years: Schönebeck 4175 (1799), Frohse 576 (1787), salts approx. 1000 (estimated, 1787), source: Berghauer, JCF: Magdeburg and the surrounding area, 1801
  • the numbers from 1843 include Schönebeck 7602, Frohse 932, Groß Salze 2291 and Elmen 259, source: see literature "Search for traces ..."
  • the numbers from 1855 include Schönebeck 8600, Frohse 1000, Groß Salze 2600 and Elmen 175, source: Pierer Lexikon 1857
  • the numbers from 1885 include Schönebeck 13,319, Frohse 1621, Groß Salze 3476 and Solbad Elmen 118, source: Brockhaus 1888
  • the numbers from 1889 include Schönebeck 13,319, Frohse 1621, Groß Salze 3476 and Solbad Elmen 1458, source: see literature "Search for traces ..."
  • the figures from around 1910 come from two years: Schönebeck 18.305 (1910), Frohse 2603 (1905), Groß Salze inkl.Elmen 8056 (1905), source: Brockhaus 1911
  • the figures from 1925 include Schönebeck 21,353, Frohse 2064, Groß Salze and Elmen 9998, source: see literature "Searching for traces ..."
  • Elbenau and Grünewalde are not included in the figures up to 1910, respectively.
  • From 2008 Plötzky, Pretzien and Ranies are included.
town hall

politics

City council

In accordance with the municipal code of the state of Saxony-Anhalt, the council consists of 38 honorary council members and the mayor. He is elected for a term of five years.

( Local election on May 26, 2019)

mayor

  • 1551 Fricke
  • 1616 scale
  • 1619 Ludewig Schneidewind
  • 1638 Fricke
  • 1665 Weber
  • 1670–1686 Krüger, Koehler and Rockohl (in alternating sequence)
  • 1699–1704 Selmer and Wapenhentsch (in alternating sequence)
  • 1705–1713 Metzing and Consul Reinecke (in alternating sequence)
  • 1714–1733 Wermser and Holstein (in alternation)
  • 1734–1780 Philipp Wermser
  • 1781 Haeseler
  • 1782–1792 Philipp Wermser
  • 1793-1799 Lentz
  • 1800–1806 Berghauer
  • 1806-1825 Graßhoff
  • 1825-1832 Werner
  • 1832-1844 Nitschke
  • 1844-1856 tailor
  • 1856–1868 Krause
  • 1868-1875 Zernial
  • 1876 ​​Blüthgen
  • 1889–1912 Gustav Wilhelm Alexis Bruno Schaumburg
  • until 1945 Kurt Bauer
  • 1945 Willi König
  • 1953–1959 Maria Krause-Nebel
  • 1990–2013 Hans-Jürgen Haase
  • since 2014 Bert Knoblauch

coat of arms

Blazon : “Divided and half-split by silver, red and silver; above a tinned red castle with two pointed side towers and a flag-studded lower dome, in the open golden gate with a golden S; lower right in the damascene field a silver 'piece of salt' wound with three gold ribbons in a gold basket; On the lower left, on a green three-mountain, a red-clad gold-crowned king on a golden throne adorned with animal heads, in the right a golden scepter, on each side of the throne a tall green bush. "

Today's city coat of arms was created in the course of the unification of Bad Salzelmen, Frohse and Schönebeck in 1932. Against this background, Paul Krull, city archivist Wilhelm Schulze and museum director Wolfgang Wanckel, who were commissioned with the design, tried to ensure that all three cities were symbolically represented in the coat of arms are. Their ideas were finally implemented creatively by the Altenburg artist Otto Pech and approved as a new coat of arms by the responsible authority on August 2, 1932.

The upper half of the coat of arms shows the former city arms of the city of Schönebeck. It shows the motif of the old city seal, the castle, as a symbol of city law. The lower left (heraldrically right) quarter of the coat of arms stands for Bad Salzelmen. Here, too, a seal motif or the coat of arms of the formerly independent place is used. A salt basket filled with salt is then shown, which indicates the earlier salt mining in the district. In the lower right (heraldry left) corner of the coat of arms the coat of arms of the place Frohse is shown. Here a king is shown on a throne, standing on a stylized mountain of three and framed by two perennials. This presumably points to a royal court formerly located near Frohse.

Town twinning

Town partnerships exist with:

economy

Lindenbad in the spa gardens

There was a salt mine in Schönebeck that was open to visitors until the end of the 1950s. Lung patients in particular could find relief here in the dry salt tunnel air. The salt mine was later closed to the public. To prevent a collapse, a cavern was created on the Saline Island in the 1970s to flood the cavities with brine. The cavern was then partially used for the storage of hazardous waste from the Buna-Werke ( DCP ). In 2006, after the pollutants had been removed, the cavern was finally stored and released from mining supervision.

The oldest brine bath in Germany is located in the Bad Salzelmen district (founded in 1802 by Johann Wilhelm Tolberg). The graduation house, originally used for brine refinement (construction began in 1756), previously reached a length of 1837 m; 350 m of this is still preserved and is used for spa purposes.

In 1797 a factory for nitric acid was founded, in 1829 the primer factory of Sellier & Bellot , in 1869 the Siegel company for inland waterway equipment. Further chemical plants were added at the end of the 19th century. The Enger shipping company was active on the Elbe for decades until 1959.

Mechanical engineering and vehicle construction also have a long tradition in Schönebeck. Motor vehicles were built here by the Treskow company from 1906 to 1908. Since the mid-1960s the tractors of the types ZT 300/303 and from 1983 the series ZT 320/323 as well as forage harvesters have been built at the Schönebeck tractor factory. After 1990, the TWS was converted into Landtechnik Schönebeck (LTS), after several failures with West German licenses (such as Schlüter or the successor to the MB-Trac) tractor construction was discontinued and forage harvesters were still built under the Maral brand name until around 2000. The Schönebeck diesel engine plant existed until the mid-1990s . After the bankruptcy, it was dismantled and demolished.

Allendorff Brothers Imperial Brewery

In 1793, a chemical factory was founded with Hermania .

There has always been a beer brewing tradition in Schönebeck. The brewery, founded in 1810 by Ludwig August Wilhelm Allendorff, was renamed in 1872 after moving from the city center to a larger area on Hummelberg in Kaiserbrauerei A. & W. Allendorff and existed as a partnership until 1917. The company then operated as a GmbH and until 1946 was then led under various names as VEB until 1990 . As Schönebecker Klaus-Bräu GmbH, this brewery tradition continued after the fall of the Wall until 1992. The buildings of the former brewery were demolished in 1995. The Allendorff family of entrepreneurs also founded an explosives and cartridge factory, a steam brickworks and a chicory barrel, established foundations and set up an orphanage.

In 1897 the chemist Paul Prüssing founded a Portland cement factory under the name Mitteldeutsche Portlandzementfabrik Prüssing & Co. , which in 1904 was merged with the cement factory in Göschwitz near Jena , which also belonged to the Prüssing family .

In 1864, the Hendrix & Co company built a gas works in Schönebeck, which was taken over by the Thuringian gas company in 1867. In 1908, the Thuringian gas company started operating. At that time the power supply was 220 volts direct current. In 1910 the power supply was switched to three-phase current and the output was expanded to 700 kW. Power was supplied via a 10 kV medium voltage network and a 215/125 volt low voltage network. Calbe, Barby and Förderstedt and the surrounding towns were supplied from Schönebeck. After the construction of the Elbe bridge, the supply area was extended to Elbenau and Grünewalde from 1912. In 1940 Stadtwerke Schönebeck was founded. In 1950 the Schönebeck municipal works were dissolved and transferred to the Magdeburg energy supply. In 1994 Stadtwerke Schönebeck was re-established. Initially, electricity and water were supplied. In 2013 Stadtwerke Schönebeck took over the gas network in Schönebeck from Erdgas Mittelachsen .

After the reunification, around 10,000 industrial jobs were lost in Schönebeck. Today there is a production facility of ThyssenKrupp Presta AG (formerly Mercedes-Benz Lenkungen) for the manufacture of steering systems. Schönebeck is a growing location for the automotive supplier industry. Among other things, cockpits, steering and electronic seat belt systems for cars are manufactured here. Sports and hunting ammunition (Lapua) is also produced in the city, and many Olympians use the sports ammunition. The old chemical factory of Carl Samuel Hermann, who co-discovered cadmium, now produces fertilizers and pesticides for the world market as Schirm AG.

Transport links

Rail transport

Elbe bridges in Schönebeck

Schönebeck is on the Magdeburg – Leipzig railway line . In Schönebeck-Bad Salzelmen, the Mittelelbe S-Bahn , which runs every 30 minutes, begins in the direction of Wittenberge via Magdeburg Hbf , every second of which ends in Zielitz . In addition, regional trains run from here on the Magdeburg - Köthen - Halle (Saale) route every hour and between Magdeburg and Güsten - Aschersleben every two hours . A regional express runs every two hours to Güsten - Sangerhausen - Erfurt and Magdeburg.

In addition to the Schönebeck (Elbe) train station, there are also Schönebeck-Frohse and Schönebeck-Felgeleben stations on the Magdeburg – Leipzig railway line, and Schönebeck Süd and Schönebeck-Bad Salzelmen on the Schönebeck – Güsten railway line . Only freight trains run on the Schönebeck – Glindenberg railway line . The Berlin – Schönebeck – Blankenheim railway and the Schönebeck – Blumenberg railway are now without passenger traffic or have been closed.

Road traffic

Marktplatz, first shared space in Saxony-Anhalt

The B 246a Hakenstedt –Schönebeck– Burg (near Magdeburg) runs through the city . Other important roads are the L 51 Magdeburg – Schönebeck– Barby - Güterglück , the L 65 Schönebeck– Calbe (Saale) –Bernburg, and the K 1296 Elbenau – Pretzien – Ranies. The Schönebeck motorway junction of the A 14 Magdeburg – Halle (Saale) - Leipzig - Dresden is close to the city on the B 246a. In 2003 a part of the bypass of the federal highway 246a was completed. The traffic structure is currently still affected by a one-way street ring set up in the 1970s, which directs a large part of the traffic through the main shopping street (Salzer Straße). This can be remedied by guiding traffic over the "Welsleber Bridge", completed in 2004, over the Magdeburg – Leipzig railway line. The bypass for the B 246a and the newly built Schönebecker Elbauenbrücke east of Schönebeck have relieved the city of through traffic since 2013. The Ernst-Thälmann -Brücke, the old Elbe bridge in Schönebeck , was the only road bridge between Magdeburg and Dessau-Roßlau until then . With the commissioning of the Elbauenbrücke, the Ernst-Thälmann-Brücke passed into municipal ownership. With the urban development measure “Redesign of the market square”, the city of Schönebeck (Elbe) carried out a realization competition in 2011 to upgrade the market square and make it the central square of the city. The reconstruction of the square started in March 2015 and was completed in May 2016 as the first shared space in Saxony-Anhalt.

shipping

On the Elbe, Schönebeck has a jetty for passenger shipping (Elbe kilometer 311.5, next to the Elbe bridge). In the district of Frohse, at Elbe kilometer 314.5, there is a port with a resting place for water hikers and with transshipment facilities for bulk goods with a rail connection, quay length 370 m.

education

In the Schönebeck city area there are eight elementary schools, six state schools ("Karl Liebknecht", "Käthe Kollwitz", "Am Lerchenfeld", "Dr. Tolberg" (formerly "Dr. Salvador Allende"), "Ludwig Schneider", elementary school Plötzky) and two independent schools (“Freie Schule Schönebeck (elementary school according to Maria Montessori and state-recognized substitute school)” and “Waldschule Elbenau”).

The two secondary schools "Maxim Gorki" and "Am Lerchenfeld" as well as the grammar school "Dr. Carl Hermann ”and the business and technology college. There is also a vocational school and a school each for learning and physically handicapped people.

Other alternative private school bodies make it possible to individualize the educational path.

Culture and sights

Culture

  • Central German Chamber Philharmonic
  • Erich Weinert Library
  • Community College
  • Home parlor
  • City Archives
  • "Béla Bartok" music school
  • Salzland Museum
  • Spa concerts
  • Art exhibitions:
    • Leisure center "Treff"
    • library
    • "Stadtwerkehaus"
    • Salt and brine tower ("art in the tower")
  • "Meeting point Schönebeck" (regular discussion on various topics)
  • Night watchman tours through Schönebeck-Bad Salzelmen
  • Show boiling
  • Volunteer Fire Brigade Schönebeck (Elbe); divided into four district fire departments (Bad Salzelmen, Felgeleben, Tischlerstraße and Elbenau) and two district fire departments (Pretzien / Plötzky and Ranies)

As part of the “8. International Stone Sculpture Symposium of Saxony-Anhalt ”, which took place from June 17 to July 28, 2002 in Schönebeck, resulted in several stone sculptures that were made available to the city on permanent loan and can now be viewed throughout the city.

Buildings

Saint Jakobi Church
Saint Mary's Church
Market fountain
Salt tower
Salt flower at night

The cultural monuments of Schönebeck are registered in the local register of monuments.

Sacred buildings

In the old town is the oldest sacred building in Schönebeck, the St. Jakobi Church . The three-nave basilica was built with rubble stones in the early 13th century.

The Bad Salzelmen district is characterized by the towers of St. John's Church , which can be seen from afar . The construction of this three-aisled, late Gothic hall church also began in the heyday of Groß Salze. An inscription in one of the towers is dated August 29, 1430. Although the first services took place in the building a decade later, work on it lasted over a century. The net and star vaults were completed in 1536 and the spiers were attached in 1550. During the Thirty Years' War there was a devastating fire in 1635, which made a comprehensive redesign of the interior necessary. As with the new building, local pan families, who had turned Schönebecker Salz into wealthy people, acted as donors. After a relatively short time, the reconstruction in the Renaissance and Baroque styles could begin. Even today, the valuable interior is a testament to the life and work of those families. In addition to the many epitaphs and chairs, this is particularly clear from the high altar (1665) and the pulpit (1678). In addition, the crucifix from 1550 was saved from the flames. Up until 1901 there was a tower guard. Today there is a small museum in the premises he once lived in. After many years of repair work, the church has been able to be used again since 2004.

Other Protestant churches can be found in Elbenau ( St. Pankratius Church ), Felgeleben ( Martin Luther Church ), Frohse ( St. Laurentii Church ), Plötzky ( Church of St. Maria and Maria Magdalena ), Pretzien ( St. Thomas Church ) and Ranies ( St. Luke Church ).

The only Catholic church in the city is the St. Mary's Church at the gates of today's new development area. In the course of industrialization, more and more Catholic families came to Schönebeck, for whom their own place of worship ultimately had to be built. In 1907 the foundation stone was laid for the neo-Gothic brick building. According to the drafts of the building officer and district building inspector Körner, the church only has a very frugal interior, the center of which is the linden wood Madonna "Maria with the Child" from the 14th century, which originally came from Hornhausen in Saxony-Anhalt. In contrast to this are the glass mosaic windows created by Christof Grüger in the 1960s. St. Marien has also been extensively renovated in recent years, so that it shines again in its old splendor for the 100th anniversary.

In addition, the Schalom House is located in Schönebeck , the former synagogue from the Wilhelminian era. After its inauguration on August 31, 1877, it served the Jewish community from Schönebeck and the surrounding towns of Aken, Barby, Calbe, Groß Salze and Staßfurt as a place of religious gathering for six decades. However, this tradition came to an abrupt end with the Reichspogromnacht, during which the interior furnishings were completely destroyed. In the following years the building was misused several times. Finally, a new owner was found in the Evangelical Free Church community of Schönebeck, under whose leadership the building has been extensively reconstructed since the mid-1980s, so that it can be used again today for its religious purpose.

The community also endeavors to keep the history of the Shalom House and the closely related fate of the Schönebeck Jews in the memory of a broad public. A large number of themed events take place in the premises, including the awarding of the “Urman Prize”. This was donated by the concentration camp survivor Judy Urman, who in this way wants to encourage young people from Schönebeck and the surrounding area to deal intensively with the events in Germany between 1933 and 1945.

Other structures

Other sights and memorials

  • Memorial park on Nicolaistraße
  • Memorial for the prisoners of the Schönebeck subcamp, in Barbyer Strasse at the main entrance of the former VEB Tractor and Diesel Engine Works II
  • Salt flower
  • Memorial plaque on the former synagogue , today the parish hall of the Evangelical Free Church Community at Republikstrasse 43
  • Memorial plaque on the east wall of the Jewish cemetery Schönebeck (Elbe) in Dorotheenstrasse for Schönebeck's 25 Jewish victims of the Shoah
  • Memorial on the northern part of the east cemetery for Schönebeck resistance fighters , as well as a grave complex for 28 Poles and a Soviet honor grove for 355 Red Army soldiers , prisoners of war and forced laborers
  • Graves in the east cemetery for the murdered anti-fascists Hermann Kasten , Otto Kresse and Karl Jänicke . A street and a square were named after the latter.
  • Honor system on the cemetery of Frohse for the victims of fascism: members of the family and children of Georg Nolepa , Gustav Brandt , Walter Petzold and Fritz Herzog
  • Memorial plaque on the cultural center in the Felgeleben district of the social democratic unionist Otto Kresse who was murdered in 1933 . The settlement he designed, a street and the LPG were also named after him. A plaque commemorates him at the “August Bebel” comprehensive school.
  • Memorial stone on the so-called “Poleneiche” in Grünewalder Forest between Grünewalde and Elbenau in Nachtigallenstieg , which commemorates the Polish slave laborer Wladisłav Kowal, who was hanged on April 10, 1942 for forbidden contact with a German woman.
  • Roland statue in Plötzky (erected again in 2005)
  • Hungerstein on the right bank of the Elbe at Elbe kilometer 311, visible when the water level is below 125 cm (Elbe level Schönebeck).

The home zoo on the Bierer Berg (Bismarckhöhe) has existed since the 750th anniversary of Schönebeck in 1973, when some animal enclosures were built there under the sponsorship of the diesel engine factory at that time. The small zoo is primarily home to native wild animals and some domestic animals. The few exotic species are all small mammals. A total of about 200 animals of 50 species live there.

Parks and gardens

  • Elbe Park
  • Spa gardens
  • Memorial park on Nicolaistraße
  • Tannenwäldchen (also: Kusswäldchen)
  • Apothecary garden
  • Singer Grove
  • Salineinsel community park

freetime and sports

The classic swimming disciplines are served in the people's swimming pool, the pool of which has a corresponding depth. In addition to recreational and club athletes, the hall is also open to all those who want to learn to swim under professional guidance.

During the summer holidays, the public swimming pool is regularly closed to carry out maintenance work. The outdoor pool in the immediate vicinity of the Sportforum Barbarastraße was given a completely new look in the 1990s and now has three swimming pools, the characteristics of which have been adapted to the needs of mostly young visitors. The shallow non-swimmer pool is adorned with an oversized dinosaur, which provides a cool change with its water fountains. A little deeper is the large pool into which the water slide opens. From the 2018 season, the outdoor pool will be closed due to existing construction defects.

The “Solequell” in Bad Salzelmen is open almost all year round. As a unique feature in the region, there is water that - in accordance with the long tradition of the health resort - is mixed with brine. The offer is rounded off by a water slide, a heated outdoor pool and a sauna. However, the brine attacks the structure of the building, so that repairs have to be carried out every year to keep the recreational pool in perfect condition.

The city is affected on the eastern side of the Elbe, in the district of Grünewalde, by the Elbe cycle path R 2, which leads on the eastern Elbe dike, coming from Pretzien, via Ranies to the Saxony-Anhalt state capital Magdeburg. The secondary line R 2a branches off in Pretzien and runs via Elbenau to Randau, where it meets the main line again. The Elbe is not always in sight, but a detour along the charming Elbe landscape, because of the local flora and fauna, is worthwhile.

The Way of St. James , which is marked by a stylized scallop shell on a blue background , has recently passed through the city center .

Schönebeck has a lively club culture in the field of sport, the places of activity of which are distributed throughout the city. With almost 2,000 members and 19 departments, Union 1861 Schönebeck is the largest sports club in the city. In addition to the soccer fields that are now available nationwide, the handball and volleyball facilities are particularly popular among the population. The tennis facility in the spa park is also attracting great interest.

It was not until 2006 that a bowling alley suitable for international competitions was inaugurated on the site of what was then SSV 1861 .

Glider and model trailers can pursue their hobby at the Zackmünde sports airfield , from where sightseeing tours are also possible for everyone.

The stadium on Magdeburger Strasse offers a wide range of football, athletics and modern fitness equipment.

On the 94 m high Hummelberg in Schönebeck there is an 8 hectare enduro practice area , which was established by the MSC Schönebeck 1959 e. V. is operated. In addition, the shooting club Hubertus 1990 e. V. a shooting range.

There are water sports clubs in Schönebeck at the Delphin boathouse (Elbe kilometer 309.5) and at the Pretziener Steinhafen (entrance to the Elbe kilometer 300.7), and there is also a water hiking rest area in Frohse (Elbe kilometer 314.5).

The traditional end of the year’s sporting events is the New Year’s Eve run in the spa gardens. In addition to an adult and children's route, a Nordic walking route has now also been added to the program.

Regular events

The Ranies carnival parade takes place on the Sunday before Shrove Monday , to which several thousand guests regularly come.

The Museum Night takes place in March. In addition to the permanent exhibitions, those responsible around the museum director Rüdiger Radicke endeavor at this late hour to present those interested in not so everyday pieces and their history. The visitors may then also see the in-house “ghost”, which has been up to mischief in the premises of the district museum for several decades. The foundation for this modern fairy tale are apparently arbitrary, without human intervention, irregularities in the electrical and locking systems, the technical cause of which has not yet been clarified.

The Easter bonfires have a long tradition at Easter . For a long time there was a large Easter bonfire on the Elbe meadows on the Grünewalder Elbe side, which is no longer approved for reasons of flood protection. In Elbenau, the Easter bonfire takes place on the sports field, organized by the Elbenau Citizens and Cultural Association. In the Felgeleben district, the annual Easter fire takes place at the local fire station, organized by the Felgeleben district fire department. There are further Easter bonfires in Plötzky, Pretzien (each on the meadows of the floodplain) and Ranies.

In spring, gardening enthusiasts will get their money's worth at the "Schönebecker Plant and Garden Show" on the Salzblumenplatz, where they can be inspired by the latest trends for their home oases.

A few weeks later, the Salzblumenplatz is again the location for the "Schönebeck pottery market". This offers the opportunity to look over the shoulder of potters, basket weavers and other representatives of the classic craft professions in the production of their works. The finished works can then also be purchased.

At the beginning of May, the history of the city of Schönebeck is within reach with the Pfännerfest organized by the Friends of the District Museum on the museum forecourt. The Pfännerfest begins with a historic market, "craft and trade gangs" and a flea market that is open to everyone. In the market around the district museum there is a puppet theater, a magician and a fashion show.

At the “Culinary Night” in the same month, three celebrities from the region measure their skills at the stove. With the support of professional chefs, they fight for the audience's favor in order to be awarded the “Golden Cooking Spoon” as the winner.

Regular musical highlights are the series of events “Sounds in the Room” (in the context of which a large number of concerts, among others with the “Mitteldeutsche Kammerphilharmonie”, are held, which are dedicated to a specific theme) and the Pretziener Musiksommer (during which concerts from May to August in the St. .-Thomas-Kirche Pretzien take place).

During the “ Elbe Bathing Day ”, anyone interested has the opportunity to swim across the Elbe under the supervision of the water rescue service of the DRK Schönebeck. All not so courageous are offered a colorful supporting program on the banks of the Elbe, where classic swimwear has been presented in recent years.

You can experience the Kurpark in a completely different ambience at the Festival of Lights.

The Schönebeck operetta summer on the Bierer Berg, which takes place every year in July and August, has become an absolute crowd puller.

On the first weekend in Advent, the Christmas market takes place in Bad Salzelmen, which is organized by the members of the museum association.

  • June
    • Choir meeting on the Bierer Berg open-air stage
    • Kurparkfest
  • July
    • Village festival in Elbenau with sports festival, children's festival, choir / amateur performances and dance
  • August
    • Bierer Berg Festival
  • September
    • Schützenfest (Salzblumenplatz)
  • December
    • Nikolausfest in the city center
    • New Year's Eve set-up time for young people in the Schniewindhaus

Personalities

Honorary citizen

sons and daughters of the town

  • Wilhelm von Boeltzig (born March 4, 1755 in Groß Salze; † June 30, 1834 in Berlin) was a Prussian officer, most recently major general and adjutant wing
  • Heinrich Bullert (* 1771; † 1855 in Schönebeck), Obersieder, Battle of Dodendorf, general badge of honor for the introduction of salt drying on frames
  • Karl Leopold Fabian (born November 12, 1782; † March 14, 1855 in Schönebeck), Salt Office director
  • Friedrich Ludwig Sander (born October 6, 1783 in Frohse; † May 9, 1846), mountain master
  • Walter Hermann von Heineke (born May 17, 1834; † April 28, 1901 in Erlangen), surgeon
  • Hugo Bode (born July 26, 1851 in Groß Salze; † January 14, 1937), crop scientist
  • Heinrich Ernst Boeters (born January 17, 1893, † December 5, 1945 in Greifswald), ev. Theologian and senior consistorial councilor in the ecclesiastical province of Pomerania.
  • Richard Eberlein (born October 16, 1869 in Groß Salze; † December 10, 1921 in Berlin), veterinarian, zoologist and doctor
  • Willi Wolff (born April 16, 1883; † 1947 in the USA), songwriter, screenwriter, film director and film producer
  • Annemarie Heise (born May 31, 1886 in Groß Salze; † March 24, 1937 in Schönebeck), painter
  • Katharina Heise (born May 3, 1891 in Groß Salze; † October 5, 1964 in Halle (Saale)), sculptor and painter
  • Hermann Behme (born March 10, 1900, † 1969 in Gießen), politician and member of the NSDAP Reichstag
  • Hermann Milius (born April 10, 1903; † July 16, 1979 in Magdeburg), handball official and president of the GDR handball association
  • Ehrhard Voigt (born July 28, 1905; † November 22, 2004 in Hamburg), geologist and paleontologist
  • Alfred Dieck (born April 4, 1906; † January 7, 1989 in Bremen), researcher of prehistory and moor corpses
  • Willi König (born February 25, 1907 - † July 28, 1983 in Schönebeck), Member of the State Parliament and Lord Mayor of Schönebeck (SED)
  • Herbert Stockmann (born May 15, 1913; † November 12, 1947 in Halle (Saale)), painter and graphic artist
  • Hans Naumilkat (born December 9, 1919 - February 13, 1994 in Berlin), composer and music educator.
  • S. Fischer-Fabian (born September 22, 1922 in Groß Salze; † November 16, 2011 in Berg), non-fiction author and journalist
  • Anne Rose Katz (born August 9, 1923 - December 31, 2011), journalist, writer and screenwriter
  • Dario Malkowski (born June 14, 1926 - December 13, 2017), sculptor and ceramist
  • Werner Tübke (born July 30, 1929 - † May 27, 2004 in Leipzig), painter
  • Kurt Czekalla (born September 30, 1930), marksman
  • Erik Neutsch (born June 21, 1931 - † August 20, 2013 in Halle (Saale)), writer
  • Hans Haberhauffe (born February 6, 1933; † February 11, 2015 in Berlin), handball player, as well as handball and soccer coach
  • Hans Herrfurth (* 1935), philologist and translator
  • Hans Fricke (born July 28, 1941), biologist and documentary filmmaker
  • Ed Stuhler (born February 27, 1945 - † May 18, 2018), publicist, text and book author
  • Olaf Wegewitz (born October 2, 1949), draftsman and painter
  • Helmut Qual (born May 26, 1947), politician
  • Ernst Gerlach (born March 19, 1947), handball player
  • Liane Michaelis (born April 23, 1953), handball player
  • Wolfgang Steinbach (born September 21, 1954), football player
  • Reiner Heise (born September 8, 1956), actor
  • Volker Lüderitz (born March 30, 1959), university professor, former member of the state parliament
  • Holger Behrendt (born January 29, 1964), artistic gymnast
  • David Gill (born March 2, 1966), administrative lawyer, former head of the Federal President's Office at Joachim Gauck
  • Andreas Wels (born January 1, 1975), water diver
  • Marco Herszel (born June 2, 1979), canoeist
  • Steffen Cieszynski (born December 25, 1989), handball player
  • Philipp Weber (born September 15, 1992), handball player
  • Philipp Harant (born February 20, 1999), football player

Other personalities associated with Schönebeck

  • Heinz Bormann (* 1918 in Erfurt ; † February 8, 1989 in Schönebeck), East German fashion designer and textile manufacturer
  • Walter Bullert (* May 24, 1895 Potsdam; † February 28, 1986 there), sculptor, painter and graphic artist in Potsdam, offspring of an old Schönebecker Salinist family
  • Pilebe Caberletto (born March 7, 1915 in Verona, Italy; † in Schönebeck), arrested in Italy as an opponent of the regime, came to Schönebeck as a forced laborer, stayed in Schönebeck after the war and founded one of the few Italian ice cream parlors in East Germany in 1946
  • Peter Ducke (born October 14, 1941 in Bensen), footballer
  • Roland Ducke (born November 19, 1934 in Bensen; † June 26, 2005 in Jena), footballer
  • Elisabeth Eichholz (born November 12, 1939 in Wolmirstedt), racing cyclist
  • Albert Fischer (born April 18, 1829 in Ziesar, † April 27, 1896 in Lemsdorf), Protestant pastor and hymnologist
  • Gustav Flügel (born July 2, 1812 in Nienburg / Saale, † August 15, 1900 in Stettin), composer
  • Eberhard Frank (* 1935), painter and sculptor, created the sculpture for the Schönebeck City Hall Prize
  • Hans-Joachim Geffert (born January 9, 1935 in Rathenow; † March 13, 2019 in Schönebeck), writer and local researcher, author of books about Schönebeck and the Schönebeck district
  • Christof Grüger (born December 28, 1926 in Namslau / Silesia, † March 31, 2014 in Schönebeck), glass designer and batik
  • Carl Samuel Hermann (born January 20, 1765 in Königerode / Harz; † September 1, 1846 in Schönebeck), pharmacist, entrepreneur and councilor
  • Ingo Hetsch (* 1944 in Aussig), educator, painter, director and author
  • Franz Heinrich Höltich (born March 14, 1643 in Bergedorf; † August 8, 1676 in Groß-Salze), syndic of Groß-Salze
  • Heinrich Huke Senior (born October 30, 1907 in Nedlitz; † 1982 in Schönebeck), left behind an extensive body of watercolors, oil paintings, drawings and pastels
  • Bernhard Jansa (born May 17, 1901 in Leipzig; † March 3, 1967 in Schönebeck), Protestant pastor and pastor
  • Gottfried Adolf Kinau (born January 4, 1814 in Winningen near Aschersleben, † January 9, 1887 in Suhl), pastor and astronomer
  • Karl Ludolf Friedrich Lachmann (born October 22, 1756 in Mieste, Altmark, † February 28, 1823 in Braunschweig), theologian and educator
  • Sophie von La Roche (born December 6, 1730 Kaufbeuren; † February 18, 1807 in Offenbach), writer and salonnière
  • Ludwig Karl Eduard Schneider (born June 26, 1809 in Sudenburg near Magdeburg, † February 9, 1889 in Schönebeck), botanist, lawyer and local politician
  • Wilhelm Schulze (born December 22, 1886 in Westerhüsen, † October 11, 1971 in Schönebeck), local researcher and local politician
  • Emil Schwantner (* 1890 in Königshan / Bohemia; † 1956 in Schönebeck), academic sculptor
  • Józef Szajna (born March 13, 1922 in Rzeszów; † June 24, 2008 in Warsaw), Polish actor and theater manager, 1944–45 prisoner in the Schönebeck concentration camp
  • Johann Wilhelm Tolberg (born October 24, 1762 in Iserlohn, † September 17, 1831 in Schönebeck), physician

literature

  • Hans-Joachim Geffert, District Museum Schönebeck (Hrsg.): Architectural monuments in the district of Schönebeck . Schönebeck 1988
  • City of Schönebeck (Ed.): 775 years of Schönebeck on the Elbe . Schönebeck: Schlüter printing works, 1997
  • Hans-Joachim Geffert, Kreissparkasse Schönebeck (Hrsg.): Search for traces: From the migration of peoples to today's district of Schönebeck . Cuno, Calbe 1999, ISBN 3-9806327-1-7 .
  • Hans-Joachim Geffert: The salt town of Schönebeck (Elbe) and the saltwater spa Bad Salzelmen . Cuno, Calbe 2004.
  • Joachim Freyer, parishes of the district of Schönebeck (Hrsg.): Churches of the district of Schönebeck . Cuno, Calbe 2004.
  • Georg Brandes: How you can produce useful substances from urine and other waste and discover the element cadmium on the side: the life of the pharmacist and entrepreneur Carl Samuel Leberecht Hermann, founder of Hermania, Prussia's oldest chemical factory in Schönebeck, honorary citizen of the city of Groß Salze. 1st edition, G. Brandes, Schönebeck 2010.

Web links

Commons : Schönebeck  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, population of the municipalities - as of December 31, 2019 (PDF) (update) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Surveying: the center of the country is in the rape field. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, May 6, 2010
  3. ↑ New advertising sign: Center of the country. volksstimme.de, July 6, 2017
  4. ↑ Manfred Wilde: The sorcery and witch trials in Kursachsen , Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2003, pp. 505, 461f., 504 and 506.
  5. ^ Leopold von Ledebur: Adelslexikon der Prussischen Monarchy . Rauh, 1856, pp. 196-197.
  6. ^ Max Lingner: the late work; 1949-1959 . In: Harz-Zeitschrift 2013 . 65th year. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-86732-154-9 , pp. 194 ( books.google.com ).
  7. ↑ IKZ Haustechnik: Ideal Standard celebrates its 100th company anniversary.
  8. ↑ Official Journal No. 64/2008: Wording and confirmation of the territorial change agreements for the incorporation of Plötzky, Pretzien and Ranies  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.salzlandkreis.de  
  9. ↑ Church districts of the Protestant church belonging to the Provostspengel Stendal-Magdeburg ( Memento of the original from February 28, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ekmd.de
  10. ↑ census database
  11. ↑ Coat of arms of the city of Schönebeck (PDF; 148 kB)
  12. ↑ http://www.industriemuseum-schoenebeck.de/seite8.htm
  13. ^ The Allendorff family of entrepreneurs. Industriemuseum Schönebeck / Elbe eV, accessed on March 2, 2018 .
  14. ↑ Handelsblatt online: Thyssen-Krupp grabs: Daimler-Chrysler sells steering business , October 6, 2003