Hungerstein (water level marking)

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Hungerstein in Děčín (Tetschen) (2018)

Hunger stones are at low water in the river bed or on waters reasons becomes visible large stones . They are named after the drought- related threat of famine .

In shipping , too , low water levels can be a hindrance for inland navigation and mean times of need. Hunger stones are often provided with dates or inscriptions to remind people of low water levels , in contrast to high water marks, which are used to record maximum values ​​of high water levels.

For marking lows also can gravel surfaces , such as at the Augustus Bridge in Dresden or at the border crossing Schmilka, or rocks (rocks hunger), as in Magdeburg and Torgau are used.

history

Historical photo of the Hungerstein in Tichlowitz (1904)
Historical photo of the Hungerstein in Tetschen
Inscription on the hunger stone of Tetschen: If you see me then cry

The history of hunger stones goes back to the 15th century. There are early annual inscriptions from 1417, 1473, 1616, 1654, 1666 and the like. a. They became popular in the second half of the 19th century through representations in newspapers and travelogues. The Teplitzer Zeitung wrote on August 30, 1876: “ As a result of the persistent drought, the Elbe offers a sad sight that has not been seen since 1842: the hunger stones protrude everywhere and the water level at the Dresden Elbe bridge is not at all touched more. On the Bohemian route, steam navigation has already been stopped because of the drought, between Dresden and Tetschen it will stop in a few days if there is no rain. "

These stones mark the years of drought " when there were no meteorological stations ", especially in 1842 or 1893, reported the Linzer Tages-Post in 1893 . She called them " the marks of the lowest water levels in drought years, a peculiar meteorological chronicle ", and stated that it affects not only the Elbe, but also rivers such as Fulda and Weser.

There were also early reports on hunger stones in the Rhine, for example in 1898 about such stones in the Rhine bed near Schaffhausen. Later, during his journey through the Rhine in 1923 , Alfons Paquet described these “ hunger stones that have been hidden in the water for decades and that reveal signs of human hands when they appear. ".

In 1892 it was reported that according to stories from boatmen near Tichlowitz there was a large hunger stone bearing the oracular inscription: " We have wept - we are crying - and you will cry ". This ship's legend was confirmed by a photo in 1904. It shows the years 1842, 1874, 1892 and 1904 and shows the German saying “ Whoever saw me once cried. Whoever sees me now will cry. “, To which the year 1874 could be assigned.

After 1900, special attention was paid to the Hungerstein in Tetschen , which was reported in Viennese newspapers with drawings in 1904 and 1906 and photos in 1911. This stone became famous not only because of its enormous size, but above all because of the inscription “ When you see me, then cry ”. In 1904 it was read in newspapers that entire pilgrimages made pilgrimages to this stone every day. Furthermore, the ship's owner Franz Mayer is said to have been inspired by the ship's legend about the Tichowitzer Stein to have a similar saying chiseled in, with the date and his name. To protect the stone, the water engineering authority also had this stone walled. Thousands of postcards with a picture of this stone have been sent all over the world.

In 1938 the pump manufacturer Frantisek Sigmund added a similar saying in the Czech language: "Girls, don't cry and don't complain, when it's dry, spray the field" (see also below in the table). Both sayings are largely still legible today, while the traditional saying on the Tichowitz stone was scraped off and overwritten. From 1904 to 1926, the complex was gradually converted into a monument.

In 1904 a hunger stone found in the Spreewald village of Trebatsch near Berlin with the inscription " If you see this stone again, you will cry, the water was so shallow in 1417 " was reported. The Cottbuser Anzeiger is said to have reported in 1904 about another hunger stone in the Spreewald, which is in the Schwielochsee near Jessern and has the inscription "If you see me you will cry".

In 1925 there were also reports of 3 hunger stones in the Mur in the urban area of Graz with inscriptions from the 16th and 17th centuries.

Known hunger stones

Waters place Remarks image
Elbe Děčín (Tetschen)
left bank of the Elbe, below the Tyrš bridge
(Lage) 		The approx. 6 m 3 large stone marks the low water levels of the Elbe with different dates. The oldest legible inscription dates from 1616. Older inscriptions (1417, 1473) were rubbed off over time by anchored ships. The stone is also provided with the Czech saying “Girl, cry and don't complain, when it's dry, spray the field” (“Neplač holka, nenaříkej, když je sucho, pole stříkej”.). This saying was probably made in 1938 by the pump manufacturer Frantisek Sigmund. The saying was based on the older German saying “If you see me, then cry”. The Deciner Hungerstein is one of the oldest hydrological monuments on the Elbe. Hungerstein in Děčín
Elbe Tichlowitz near Děčín Stone with the number 1666 ( Roman : MDCLXVI)
Elbe Tichlowitz near Děčín
(location) 		Stein with several dates: 1892, 1903, 1904, 1911, 1928, 1963, 2015 a. a. Hungerstein in Techlovice
Elbe Dolní Žleb , village, district of Děčín
(location) 		Approx. ten hunger stones, with the years 1842, 1868, 1892, 1904, 2015 Hungerstein in Niedergrund
Elbe Schmilka Gravel area at the border crossing in Schmilka
Elbe Königstein , opposite Prossen
(location) 		Stein on the left bank of the Elbe, in the Königstein area, below the former stationer's house, five dates between 1928 and 2015 are carved on a slanted slab, easily accessible from the Elbe Cycle Path Hungerstein in Königstein, near Prossen
Elbe near Königstein, above the beach flood Stone with the year 1681
Elbe Königstein
(location) 		Stein with the years 1952, 2003, 2015; left bank of the Elbe, near the mouth of the Biela in front of 10 Amtsgasse Hungerstein in Koenigstein
Elbe City of Wehlen
(location) 		District of Pötzscha , year 1868 Wehlener Hungerstein in the Pötzscha district
Elbe Pirna According to documents from the city archive, there should have been a stone with the year 1115. Its exact location is no longer known today. In the Oberposta district of Pirna , on the right bank of the Elbe, between the World War II and Ulan monument, there is a stone with more than fifteen years from at least 1707 to 2015. Hungerstein in Pirna
Elbe Dresden-Pillnitz
(location) 		Hunger stones, engraved low water marks at the foot of the western Sphinx on the staircase of Pillnitz Castle , annual inscriptions: 1778, 1893, 1904, 2003, 2015, 2018. Hungerstein in Pillnitz
Elbe Dresden- Laubegast
(location) 		Hunger stones at Laubegaster Ufer 26, annual inscriptions: 1893, 1899, 2003, 2015. Hunger stones in Laubegast
Elbe Dresden-Laubegast
(location) 		Cuboid at the end of the ramp at kilometer 45.6 in front of Laubegaster Ufer 25, year 2018 from level 55 Hungerstein in Laubegast
Elbe Dresden-Tolkewitz
(location) 		Tolkewitzer Hungerstein at Tolkewitzer Straße 73, annual inscription: 2016. from level 80 Tolkewitz Hungerstein
Elbe Dresden- Blasewitz
(location) 		Stein 2 × 2 meters at kilometer 48.7 in front of Tolkewitzer Straße 53 with several dates: 1930, 1943, 1947, 1950, 1963 a. a. from level 60 Blasewitzer Hungerstein Tolkewitzer Str.
Elbe Dresden-Blasewitz
(location) 		Sandstone block with the year 2018, opposite Albrechtsburg Blasewitzer Hungerstein Kollwitz-Ufer
Elbe Dresden-Neustadt / Augustusbrücke
(location) 		Sandstone block with the year 2019 and a poem, 5./6. Bridge arch, right side of the Elbe, from level 60 Blasewitzer Hungerstein
Elbe Dresden-Cotta A postcard, probably 1904, shows three hunger stones in the Elbe in front of Cotta with the year 1630; unclear whether the stones still exist Cotta hunger stones
Elbe Radebeul-Kötzschenbroda
(location) 		Altkötzschenbroda, marked with the year 1811, lies between the steamboat landing stage and the SSV Planeta boat harbor. Radebeuler Hungerstein
Elbe Meissen Report for 1746: "Bey Meißen not far from the influence of the Triebisch in the Elbe, various stones noted with dates came to light, especially one with 1654, in which year almost all waters dried up due to very hot weather ..." The Rumburger Zeitung reports 1865 that the Hungerstein had reappeared in Meißen.
Elbe Meissen
(location) 		Granite block with the year 2018 and a wavy line for the water level. Since the traditional hunger stone has not yet been found again, this "new hunger stone" was placed below the Knorre inn (Elbtalstrasse 3) in the Elbe (on the right). New hunger stone in Meissen
Elbe Lorenzkirch On the Lorenzkirch side there was a starvation stone at the small ferry in the Elbe, the surface of which was at a height of 87.80 meters above sea level at level 132 of the Strehla gauge. It was removed in 1932 when the dead Elbar was created. He is depicted on maps and engravings from the 19th century
Elbe Torgau In the right Elbe area of ​​the old (blown up) Elbe bridge in Torgau, the hunger stones can be seen when the water level of the Elbe is 50 cm. Hunger stones in Torgau
Elbe Schönebeck (Elbe) , at Elbe kilometer 311.0 on the right bank of the Elbe in the groyne area, about 50 m from the bank
52 ° 1 ′ 23 ″ N, 11 ° 45 ′ 0 ″ E 		Boulder, size: 1.5 × 1.5 × 2 meters, weight: 10 tons. Originally visible from Elbe level Barby 100 cm. After it was moved to the bank by the Magdeburg Waterways and Shipping Office in 2011 and moved back to its previous location in 2017, the stone is now 32 cm visible from the Elbe level in Barby. Hungerstein in Schönebeck
Elbe Schönebeck (Elbe) , harbor Formerly in a basin of the Schönebeck harbor, which is now filled in, today's location: Salzlandmuseum Schönebeck. Inscription u. a. from 1904: 47 cm. Hungerstein in the district museum Schönebeck
Elbe Westerhüsen , district of Magdeburg
52 ° 3 ′ 25 ″ N, 11 ° 41 ′ 10 ″ E 		Rock formation at the bottom of the Elbe; see hunger stones at Westerhüsen Hunger stones at Westerhüsen
Elbe Magdeburg, Domfelsen
52 ° 7 ′ 22 ″ N, 11 ° 38 ′ 12 ″ E 		Rock formation made of red sandstone on the cathedral rock , also known as the hunger rock ; In at least four places, annual inscriptions 2018 mark the low water level in August / September Cathedral rock Magdeburg
Elbe Magdeburg, Domfelsen
52 ° 7 ′ 22 ″ N, 11 ° 38 ′ 13 ″ E 		In August 2018, Greenpeace put a hunger stone in the Elbe at the southern end of the cathedral rock. It bears the inscription: If you see me, there is a climate crisis. August 2018 Greenpeace Greenpeace hunger stone on Magdeburg cathedral rock
Elbe Bleckede near the ferry pier Bleckede – Neu Bleckede river kilometer 550.0, inscription: If this stone goes under, life becomes more colorful again
Moselle Traben-Trarbach-Litzig , left side of the river Material: slate. In the past, when the stone appeared, wine bottles were traditionally buried there and taken out again at the next low water. No longer visible today because of the traffic jam regulation.
Mündesee north of Angermünde
Rhine Worms-Rheindürkheim , at Rhine kilometer 449.4 on the left bank
(location) 		One of several stones, inscriptions in total from 1857 to 2009. Hungerstein in September 2003 in the Rhine near Worms-Rheindürkheim
Weser At Hajen , on the left bank of the Weser above the Hajen-Ruhberg ferry station at the foot of a groyne The Hajener Hungerstein is a block of red sandstone carved by the load of the Weser Hajener Hungerstein
Weser Würgassen 3 m³ large hunger stone on the right bank at river kilometer 47.55 with the years 1800, 1840, 1842, 1847, 1850, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1865, 1874, 1876, 1881, 1911, 1922, 1934 and 1959 with reference to Karl Löbe 's Weserbuch

Web links

Commons : Hungerstein  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ City of Worms: Hunger stones in the Rhine
  2. ↑ Little Chronicle. In: Teplitzer Zeitung. August 30, 1876, No. 98. (accessed August 16, 2018) (Google digitized version)
  3. ↑ The drying up of our streams. In: Linzer Tages-Post. September 3, 1893, p. 1. (accessed on August 18, 2018) (digitized version from ANNO ÖNB)
  4. ↑ The hunger stones. In: Linzer Tages-Post. March 3, 1998, p. 5. (accessed on August 19, 2018) (digitized version from ANNO ÖNB)
  5. ↑ Alfons Paquet: The Rhine, a journey. Societäts-Druckerei, Frankfurt am Main 1923, chapter 5. (Gutenberg project, accessed on August 19, 2018)
  6. ↑ From the Elbe. In: Teplitz-Schönauer Anzeiger. September 7, 1892. (accessed on August 19, 2018) (digitized from ANNO ÖNB)
  7. ↑ From the Elbe. In: Prager Tagblatt. July 21, 1904, pp. 2f. (accessed on September 3, 2018)
  8. ↑ Michal Macháček: Strategický plán rozvoje obce Těchlovice, Na období let 2015–2020. ( Memento of the original from August 20, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. November 9, 2015 (historical photo of a hunger stone on p. 8) (in Czech) (pdf) (accessed August 19, 2018) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.techlovice-dc.cz
  9. ↑ History of Techlovice: Hladový kámen u Těchlovic - Historical photo of the Hungerstein (in Czech) (Hungerstein bei Techlovie) (accessed on August 19, 2018)
  10. ↑ A “hunger stone” in Tetschen. In: Neuigkeits-Welt-Blatt (Vienna). August 14, 1904, p. 9. (with drawing of the Hungerstein near Tetschen (Decin)) (accessed on August 18, 2018) (digitized from ANNO ÖNB)
  11. ↑ The hunger stones in the Elbe. In: Illustrierte Kronenzeitung (Vienna). August 23, 1906, p. 11. (with drawing of Hungerstein near Tetschen (Decin)) (accessed on August 18, 2018) (digitized from ANNO ÖNB)
  12. ↑ The Hungerstein in the Elbe. In: The interesting sheet. August 31, 1911, p. 3. (with a photo of Hungerstein in Tetschen) (accessed on August 18, 2018) (digitized from ANNO ÖNB)
  13. ↑ On the heat wave in Austria: The so-called "hunger stones" in the Elbe river bed are visible again due to the colossal decrease in water. In: Austria's Illustrated Newspaper. July 30, 1911, p. 10. (with photo of Hungerstein in Tetschen) (accessed on August 18, 2018) (digitized from ANNO ÖNB)
  14. ↑ Deutsches Südmährerblatt: The drought and its consequences, August 12, 1904, p. 10. (accessed on September 3, 2018) (digitized from ANNO ÖNB)
  15. ^ Wiener Zeitung: Von der Elbe-Schiffahrt, September 8, 1904, p. 6. (accessed on September 3, 2018) (digitized from ANNO ÖNB)
  16. ↑ The hunger stones in the Elbe river. In: Znaimer Wochenblatt. August 29, 1906, p. 7. (accessed on September 4, 2018) (digitized version from ANNO ÖNB)
  17. ↑ Český hydrometeorologický ústav - Ústí nad Labem (Czech Hydrometeorological Institute - Ústí nad Labem): Hladové Kameny vylézají (Hunger stones appear) , (Czech) (accessed September 4, 2018)
  18. ↑ decin.estranky.cz: Hladový kámen (Hungerstones) (in Czech, August 27, 2008) (accessed September 4, 2018)
  19. ↑ The "Hungerstones" in the Elbe. In: Neuigkeits-Welt-Blatt (Vienna). August 11, 1904, p. 36. (accessed on August 18, 2018) (digitized from ANNO ÖNB)
  20. ↑ Günter Bayerl, Dirk Mayer (eds.): Lower Lusatia from the 18th century to the present day: A disturbed cultural landscape? Münster / New York / Munich / Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-8309-1197-1 , p. 209. (Google digitized version) (accessed on September 4, 2018)
  21. ↑ The Hungerstones of the Mur. In: Bregenzer / Vorarlberger Tagblatt. January 28, 1925, p. 3. (accessed on September 4, 2018) (digitized version from ANNO ÖNB)
  22. ^ Hunger stones in the Mur. In: (News) world sheet. January 28, 1925, p. 5. (accessed on September 4, 2018) (digitized version from ANNO ÖNB)
  23. ↑ iDNES.cz: Labe je 24 centimetrů pod hladinou sucha, odhalilo všechny hladové Kameny ( memento of the original from August 18, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (The Elbe is 24 cm below the dry level and reveals all the hunger stones), July 25, 2018, (in Czech) (accessed on August 18, 2018) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / usti.idnes.cz
  24. ↑ Vysychající koryto Labe odkrývá na Děčínsku hladové Kameny ( Memento of the original from August 18, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (The dry river bed of the Elbe reveals the hunger stones in Decin) (September 12, 2016) (in Czech) (accessed August 18, 2018) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / usti.idnes.cz
  25. ↑ a b c Nancy Riegel: The silent witnesses of the Elbe. In: Saxon newspaper. August 2, 2018. Also online  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (chargeable), accessed on August 2, 2018. Locations according to illustration@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.sz-online.de  
  26. ↑ Günther Helmig: About Hungersteine, in: Das Pross'ner Heft, No. 26, December 2015, pp. 2–6
  27. ↑ Photo of the Wehlener Hungerstein in the Sächsische Zeitung, August 2, 2018 (accessed on August 14, 2018)
  28. ↑ Dresden now has another hunger stone at the Augustusbrücke , in: SZ from July 26, 2019
  29. ^ Dresdner Hungersteine ​​are exposed again , in: SZ from July 30, 2019
  30. ↑ Witness bad times. , In: Saxon newspaper. August 11, 2018, (online) ( Memento from August 15, 2018 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on August 15, 2018.
  31. ↑ Johann Friedrich Ursinus: Collektania the history of the city and the country Meissen. 1790.
  32. ^ Rumburger Zeitung: Brief Mitteilungen, October 11, 1865, p. 187 (accessed on September 11, 2018) (Google Books digitized version)
  33. ↑ Meissen has another hunger stone, September 6, 2018 (accessed on September 11, 2018)
  34. ↑ Example: Wilhelm Ernst August von Schlieben: Map of the Elbe and the flood areas in Saxony, 1: 4 800, colored hand drawing, 1820–1833 (Deutsche Fotothek, photo: dd_hstad-mf_0005320 ).
  35. ↑ Greenpeace: Carved in Stone (accessed September 24, 2018)
  36. ↑ Bleckede: Dwindling Elbe exposes Hungerstein , NDR from August 17, 2018, accessed on August 17, 2018.
  37. ↑ Susanne Müller: Low tide exposes memories of great hardship in Worms. In: wormser-zeitung.de. October 23, 2018, accessed October 23, 2018 .
  38. ↑ faltboot.org: Weser, water description (accessed on August 18, 2018)
  39. ↑ Karl Lobe: The Weser book. Novel of a river. Publishing house CW Niemeyer, Hameln 1968.