Anna G. Dostoyevskaya

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Anna Dostoyevskaya around 1870
Anna Dostoyevskaya around 1880

Anna Grigoryevna Dostojewskaja , née Snitkina , ( Russian Анна Григорьевна Достоевская ; born  September 12, 1846 in Saint Petersburg , † June 9, 1918 in Yalta ) was the second wife of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky and a well-known Russian personality.

Life

Anna Grigoryevna Snitkina, daughter of the Ukrainian civil servant Grigori Ivanovich Snitkin and his Swedish wife Maria Anna, learned shorthand at school as a student. She was so good that her teacher put her on to Dostoevsky to assist him in writing his new novel The Gambler.

It began on October 4, 1866. Dostoevsky had gambling debts, and his publisher Stellowski demanded completion by November 1st, on pain of a heavy penalty. The delivery deadline was met - even though Stellowski left St. Petersburg on October 31st, precisely to make delivery impossible - because the stenographer Anna had the idea to deposit the manuscript with a notary. Immediately after this event, Dostoevsky proposed to her, introduced her to his family and married them on February 15, 1867.

Dostoyevsky's love affair with Polina Suslowa had already come to an end, as had a brief engagement with the writer Anna Wassiljewna Korwin-Krukowskaja, who later married the socialist Victor Jaclard. The flirtation he had with Martha Brown in the autumn and winter of 1864/65 was also over.

In April they fled from his creditors to Germany, Italy and Switzerland; she had sold her jewelry for travel money. In Baden-Baden, Dostoevsky gambled away the little money and even Anna's clothes at roulette . Through his work in Geneva, where the couple lived for a year, Dostoevsky was able to recover financially.

Anna with the surviving children Lyubov and Fyodor

In 1871 the couple returned to Russia and Anna took over all financial and contractual matters for her husband, who in turn gave up gambling. By 1879 she succeeded in paying off all his debts, and he finally died in 1881. The couple had several children together:

  • Sofia (February 22 - May 24, 1868)
  • Lyubov (1869–1926)
  • Fyodor (1871-1922)
  • Alexei (1875-1878)

Dostoyevskaya finished her book Memories shortly before her own death; it is about "the common life story in the 14 years during which [Dostoyevsky] lived with [her] until his death in 1881" and is "of great interest for the topic of self-awareness in epilepsy ".

Publications (selection)

Literary reception

Leonid Zypkin's novel Ein Sommer in Baden-Baden , published in 1982, portrays Dostoyevsky and the relationship with his second wife Anna on their trip to Germany in 1867. These fictional scenes are framed by research by a first-person narrator in the 1970s who used biographical materials for his characterizations, uses Anna's diary and memories, as well as characters and situations in the novel. The Russian title Lyubit Dostojewskowo (Love Dostoyevsky) refers both to the author Zypkin and to the relationship between the twenty years younger woman and her problematic husband, who is endowed with a difficult personality structure and whose private and literary life she organizes. He has been the center of her life since she became his stenographer at the age of 25 in St. Petersburg out of admiration for the famous poet. With him she is looking for something to hold on to, which in the novel is symbolized by a ship's mast to which she clings in difficult situations.

Secondary literature

  • Fyodor Michailowitsch Dostojewski : The letters of Dostoyevsky to his wife. London, Constable & co. Ltd., 1930. OCLC 1918208
  • SV Belov: Zhena pisateli︠a︡: posledni︠a︡i︠a︡ li︠u︡bovʹ FM Dostoevskogo. Moscow: Sov. Rossii︠a︡, 1986. OCLC 15622209
  • Nadezhda Gurʹeva-Smirnova: Anna Dostoevskai︠a︡: roman. Moscow: Sovremennyĭ pisatelʹ, 1993. ISBN 5-265-02308-9
  • NF Budanova; Institute russkoĭ literatury (Pushkinskiĭ dom); et al .: Biblioteka FM Dostoevskogo: opyt reconstruct︠s︡ii: nauchnoe opisanie. Sankt-Peterburg: Nauka, 2005. ISBN 5-02-028554-4
  • Anatoliĭ Donov : Мария Констант, жена Достоевского. St. Petersburg: Omega / ArtStrim, 2004. ISBN 5-98361-009-0

Web links

Commons : Anna G. Dostoyevskaya  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Antonius Lux (ed.): Great women of world history. A thousand biographies in words and pictures . Sebastian Lux Verlag , Munich 1963, p. 134.
  2. ^ Joseph Frank: Dostoevsky . The Mantle of the Prophet, 1871-1881. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2002, ISBN 0-691-11569-9 , pp. 362 f . ( limited preview in Google Book search). ; Joseph Frank: Dostoevsky . The Miraculous Years, 1865-1871. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 1995, ISBN 0-691-04364-7 , pp. 9 f .
  3. ↑ Hansjörg Schneble , Peter Wolf: "This is an old disease": Epilepsy in literature: with a compilation of literary sources and a bibliography of research contributions . Schattauer Verlag , 2000, ISBN 3-7945-2097-1 , 2.2 Anna Grigoryevna Dostojewskaja: "Memories" (1925), p. 273 .
personal data
SURNAME Dostoyevskaya, Anna G.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dostojevskaja, Anna G .; Dostojewskaja, Anna Grigoryevna; Dostoevskaja, Anna Grigorʹevna; Dostoyevskaya, Anna; Dostoyevsky, Anna Grigoryevna; Dostoyevskaya, AG; Dostoevskij, Anna G .; Dostoevsky, Anna G .; Dostoevsky, AG; Dostoevskaja, Anna Grigorʹevna Snitkina; Dostoevskai︠a︡, Anna Grigorʹevna Snitkin; Dostoevskai︠a︡, Anna Grigorʹevna; Dostoevskai︠a︡, AG; Snitkina, Anna Grigorʹevna; Dostoevsky, Anna; Dostoyevskaya, Anna G.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Wife of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky
DATE OF BIRTH September 12, 1846
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Petersburg
DATE OF DEATH June 9, 1918
Place of death Yalta