Antonie Maurer

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Antonie Maurer (born June 8, 1895 in Friedberg (Hesse) ; † April 2, 1945 in Uckermark concentration camp ) was a German communist and inmate in Ravensbrück and Uckermark concentration camps.

Life

Antonie Maurer was born to August Neuhof (born September 21, 1853 in Friedberg / Hessen) and Helene Neuhof (born January 24, 1860 in Ober-Mockstadt as Helene Siesel). After training as a dressmaker and passing the master craftsman's examination, she successfully ran a "fine dressmaking shop" with up to 17 employees in Friedberger Haingraben 14. Up until 1933, the better ladies of the Friedberger Gesellschaft had upscale clothing made there.

In 1930 Antonie Neuhof, whom everyone called Toni, married the Friedberg communist Edgar Maurer (born on March 2, 1896 in Offenbach). As a member of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD), he became a Friedberg City Councilor on March 21, 1932. After the National Socialists came to power, he was held in so-called protective custody in the Friedberg police prison from June to November 1933. Antonie's sister Auguste Mönch (born September 21, 1893 in Friedberg / Hessen) had previously been taken into protective custody for three weeks in mid-March 1933. When her husband, Gustav Mönch (born June 13, 1890 in Tromborn / Lorraine), learned of his imminent arrest, the Mönch family fled to Saarbrücken.

As the daughter of Jewish parents, Antonie Maurer was also exposed to Nazi reprisals. The forced move to a small house at Usagasse 18 and the loss of Christian customers led to the economic decline of the once flourishing ladies' tailoring business. During the November pogroms of 1938, the Nazis ravaged the bricklayer's apartment. In 1942, her mother, Helene Neuhof, died after deportation at the age of 82 in the Theresienstadt ghetto . Antonie's sister Rosa (born August 9, 1883 in Friedberg / Hessen) and her husband Leo Metzger also died there. Antonie Maurer escaped deportation in 1942 because she was married to an " Aryan ". In November 1943, her brother Karl Neuhof was shot in Sachsenhausen concentration camp .

In 1944, Antonie and Edgar Maurer were imprisoned as part of the nationwide grate campaign . The Reichsführer SS Heinrich Himmler had ordered that in the early morning hours of August 22, 1944, all former members of the Reich and Landtag, as well as city councilors of the KPD and SPD in the German Reich, be taken into protective custody and immediately sent to the nearest concentration camp. Antonie Maurer was first taken to the prison in Butzbach and from there to the Ravensbrück concentration camp . As the eastern front drew closer and closer, Antonie Maurer was transferred from there to the directly adjacent Uckermark concentration camp . Antonie Maurer was shot in this concentration camp a few weeks before the end of the Second World War .

Honors

A street in Friedberg-Fauerbach (Hessen) was named in honor of Antonie Maurer. The "Antonie-Maurer-Haus" dormitory in Schramberg was also named after her.

literature

  • Peter Neuhof : When the browns came. A Berlin Jewish family in resistance. Pahl-Rugenstein, Bonn 2006, ISBN 3-89144-356-0 .
  • Reinhold Lütgemeier-Davin: Flight, expatriation and integration using the example of the Mönch family from Friedberg / Hessen 1932–1956. In: Wetterauer Geschichtsblätter, Volume 59. Verlag der Buchhandlung Bindernagel, Friedberg (Hessen) 2012, ISSN  0508-6213 .
  • Thomas Petrasch, Klaus-Dieter Rack: From the commercial academy to the technical university - Friedberg university history (1901-2011). In: Wetterauer Geschichtsblätter, Volume 62. Verlag der Buchhandlung Bindernagel, Friedberg (Hessen) 2013, ISSN  0508-6213 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lebenshilfe in the district of Rottweil gGmbH | Housing offers. Accessed May 31, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Mason, Antonie
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German communist
DATE OF BIRTH June 8, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Friedberg (Hesse)
DATE OF DEATH April 2, 1945
Place of death Uckermark concentration camp