Aquitaine

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The non- Celtic tribes that populated the area between the Pyrenees , the Atlantic and the Garonne in the prehistoric period are called Aquitaine . The proximity to the Celtic Gauls led to rapprochement and, in pre-Roman times, to a certain extent to the merging of both cultures.

Among the Aquitaniern included ausci (Ausker) bigerriones , elusates , Konvener , Laktoraten , Sotiaten , Tarbeller , Tarusaten and Vasaten . In 56 BC They were defeated by Crassus , a field captain of Caesar , and Romanized in a short time. However, the local traditions in the Aquitaine area lasted longer than in the rest of Gaul. From the beginning of the 5th century, the Romans settled the Visigoths here .

origin

There are various hypotheses about the origin of the Aquitaine. The tribal name of the largest tribe, the Ausker (Latin auscii ), many gods and personal names and a few place names (the name Eliberris or Elimberrum , today's Auch , is similar to the Basque Hiriberria , new city) as well as other remnants of language in ancient sources point to one close relationship with today's Basques ( Euskara = Basque language, Euskaldunak = Basque ~ auscii ?). The tribal name of the Bigerrions also seems to be derived from a Basque word composition.

Caesar noticed that the language of the tribes of this region differed from that of the other Gauls, and Strabo also strictly distinguished them from those of the rest of Gaul in terms of their physical appearance and language; they are more like the Iberians . Proponents of this view assume that the Aquitaineians have lived in the region since the Neolithic .

Other authors assume an immigration from the Iberian Peninsula or a membership of the Celtiberian tribes ; still others refer to at least some of the many historically barely tangible tribes as Celts.

economy

In Roman times, tin imports from the British Isles and wine exports across the Garonne are attested. Mining was apparently known to the Sotiats.

Roman auxiliary units

In the early imperial period , the following auxiliary units were recruited in the field of Aquitaine:

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Achille Luchaire: Études sur les idiomes pyrénéens de la région française. 1879. New edition: Slatkine: Geneva 1973. Today most researchers assume a relationship with Old Basque , so Ernst Kausen : Basque. 2001, p. 4 online , accessed April 17, 2016.
  2. ^ Strabo: Geography. Book IV, chap. II, 1.

Web links

Wiktionary: Aquitaine  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations