Cohors I Aquitanorum (Germania)

The dedicatory inscription of Titus Fabius Liberalis ( CIL 13, 11780 )

The Cohors I Aquitanorum [veterana] [equitata] ( German 1st cohort of the Aquitanians [the veteran] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps.

Name components

Aquitanorum : the Aquitaine . When the unit was set up, the soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various Aquitaine tribes in the Roman province of Gallia Aquitania .

veterana : the veteran / the tried and tested. The addition was probably used to distinguish it from the Cohors I Aquitanorum Biturigum , which was also stationed in the province of Germania . The addition appears in military diplomas and some inscriptions.

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in the inscription ( FBW-1977-499 ).

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Germania and Germania superior (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 74-134.

The first evidence of unity in Germania is based on a diploma dated 74. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Germania ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated between 90 and 134, prove the unity in Germania superior .

The last evidence of unity is based on the inscription ( CIL 13, 6658 ) which is dated to 249.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Germania were possibly:

Arnsburg Castle
Fortresses near Friedberg : The dedicatory inscription of Marcus Iunius Iovinianus was found here.
Stockstadt Castle : Several inscriptions were found here.

Bricks with the stamp of the unit were found in Arnsburg, Butzbach , Friedberg, Kleestadt and Saalburg .

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Iulius R [uf] us Pap [irianus] Sentiu [s] Gem [el] lus, a prefect ( CIL 13, 6658 )
L (ucius) Caecilius Caecilianus, a prefect ( CIL 13, 11782 , CIL 13, 11783 )
Marcus Arrecinus Gemellus : he is named on the diplomas of 90 as a commander.

M (arcus) Gennius Carfinianus: he is named on the diploma of 82 as a commander.
Q (uintus) Caecilius Optatinus, a prefect ( CIL 10, 5831 )
T (itus) Fabius Liberalis, a prefect ( CIL 13, 11780 )

Others

Burrius, a soldier ( CIL 3, 9760 )
C (aius) Paulinius Iustus, a Beneficiarius ( CIL 13, 7399 )
Decumus, ( AE 1920, 96 )
L (ucius) Valerius Pudens, a foot soldier: the diploma of 82 was issued to him.
M (arcus) Iuni [us] Iovin [ian] us, a soldier ( CIL 13, 07399a )
Mucaporis, a rider: a diploma of 90 ( CIL 16, 36 ) was issued to him.

[P] apias, a signifer ( CIL 13, 11785 )
Rufus Valentinus, ( CIL 10, 7596 )
Tarcho, a soldier ( CIL 3, 2053 )
Tharsa, a rider: a diploma of 90 ( ZPE-148-261 ) was issued to him.
Thaves, a rider: a diploma of 90 ( RMD 5, 333 ) was issued for him.

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors I Aquitanorum

There were two other cohorts with this designation:

the Cohors I Aquitanorum (Britannia) . She is documented by military diplomas from 122 to 140/154 and was stationed in the province of Britannia .
the Cohors I Aquitanorum Biturigum . It is documented by diplomas from 74 to 134 and was stationed in the provinces of Germania and Germania superior .

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Aquitanorum veteranorum equitata - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ The scenario given here is based on two different cohorts with this designation: the Cohors I Aquitanorum (Britannia) , which was stationed in the province of Britannia and the Cohors I Aquitanorum (Germania) , which was stationed in the province of Germania . John Spaul, on the other hand, assumes only one cohort that was stationed in these provinces.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e All soldiers for whom it is not clear from the literature ^or the respective inscription which of the two units is involved were assigned to the Cohors I Aquitanorum (Germania) .

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 139-144
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 159 table 3 ( PDF p. 161 ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 74 ( CIL 16, 20 ), 82 ( CIL 16, 28 ), 90 ( CIL 16, 36 , RMD 5, 333 , ZPE-148-261 ), 116 ( CIL 16, 62 ) and 134 ( CIL 16, 80 ).
↑ Brick stamp: Arnsburg ( CIL 13, 12410 ), Butzbach ( CIL 13, 12411 ), Friedberg ( CIL 13, 12409 ), Kleestadt ( CIL 13, 12408 ) and Saalburg ( CIL 13, 12412 ).
↑ Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl: New diplomas for the armies of Germania superior and Germania inferior In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE), Volume 148 (2004), pp. 259–268, here p. 261 ( online ).
↑ Werner Eck, Andreas Pangerl: Sex. Iulius Frontinus as a legate of the Lower Germanic army. On new military diplomas in the Germanic provinces In: ZPE, Volume 143 (2003), pp. 205–219, here p. 218 ( online ).

[GE-4] The scenario given here is based on two different cohorts with this designation: the Cohors I Aquitanorum (Britannia) , which was stationed in the province of Britannia and the Cohors I Aquitanorum (Germania) , which was stationed in the province of Germania . John Spaul, on the other hand, assumes only one cohort that was stationed in these provinces.

[AN-6] All soldiers for whom it is not clear from the literature ^or the respective inscription which of the two units is involved were assigned to the Cohors I Aquitanorum (Germania) .

[jsp-1] A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 139-144

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 159 table 3 ( PDF p. 161 ).

[MD-3] Military diplomas of the years 74 ( CIL 16, 20 ), 82 ( CIL 16, 28 ), 90 ( CIL 16, 36 , RMD 5, 333 , ZPE-148-261 ), 116 ( CIL 16, 62 ) and 134 ( CIL 16, 80 ).

[ZS-5] Brick stamp: Arnsburg ( CIL 13, 12410 ), Butzbach ( CIL 13, 12411 ), Friedberg ( CIL 13, 12409 ), Kleestadt ( CIL 13, 12408 ) and Saalburg ( CIL 13, 12412 ).

[we1-7] Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl: New diplomas for the armies of Germania superior and Germania inferior In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE), Volume 148 (2004), pp. 259–268, here p. 261 ( online ).

[we2-8] Werner Eck, Andreas Pangerl: Sex. Iulius Frontinus as a legate of the Lower Germanic army. On new military diplomas in the Germanic provinces In: ZPE, Volume 143 (2003), pp. 205–219, here p. 218 ( online ).