Working time model

A working time model is the most important aid for the smooth running of a work process , for example production .

In the working time model, the scheme of the location and distribution of working time is regulated. It is the template for the specific regulation of working hours for an employee. The framework for possible company working time models is usually a collective agreement , where it is missing, the employment contract . Another shell is the Working Hours Act and European guidelines. In the Occupational Safety and Health Act , the employer is separately advised of the working time model as a source of hazards for the employee.

The working time to be performed is determined on the basis of the operational requirements as part of a working time model. The duration of the daily working time and the even or uneven distribution over the days of the week are specified. An irregular working time model is therefore also possible, in which the working time to be performed is not reached within a week, but on average over a defined period (for example, year).

In companies with works council , the employer can the working time not by virtue of his directorate right order, but the works here has a right of participation according to § 87 Works Constitution Act (WCA).

A working time model helps to organize a seamless workflow. The working time management thus is particularly in companies with high wage levels to a great economic importance. It should therefore only be planned and implemented by appropriately trained specialists.

Model variants

A working time solution and selection of a suitable working time model is very individual depending on the company . Each model has advantages and disadvantages for both the employer and the employee . For the successful introduction of a model, it is therefore crucial that both sides work together and find a balance of interests. All models have different legal frameworks and have different effects on profitability , health , employer attractiveness and family friendliness , which also applies to the development of individual working time solutions.

Common model variants are:

• flexible working hours
• Working time account
• Shifted working hours
• Annual working time
• Working time
• Trust working time
• Shift and night work
• Part time
• Home office
• On-call service
• Time accounts
• Sabbatical

literature

• Rainer Marr : Working time models . In: Lexicon of Business Ethics . Edited by Georges Enderle, Karl Homann , Martin Honecker , Walter Kerber and Horst Steinmann , Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau a. a. 1993, ISBN 3-451-22336-8 , Sp. 83-92.
• Dieter Wagner (ed.): Working time models. Flexibilization and individualization (= Psychology series for personnel management . 7). Verlag für Angewandte Psychologie, Göttingen 1995, ISBN 3-8017-0872-1 .
• Christopher Schlick , Ralph Bruder , Holger Luczak : Ergonomics . Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-662-56036-5 .

Web links

• Arbeitszeitmodelle - Arbeitszeitbox.de - a project of the IAW - Chair and Institute for Ergonomics at RWTH Aachen University (funded by "INQA - Initiative New Quality of Work")

Individual evidence

1. ↑ An overview of working time models. In : arbeitszeit-klug-gestalten.de. Retrieved March 25, 2019 .