Arkady Georgievich Kolesnikov
Arkadi Georgijewitsch Kolesnikow ( Russian Аркадий Георгиевич Колесников ) (born December 5, 1907 in Jurburg , † April 4, 1978 in Sevastopol ) was a Soviet scientist and first director of the Marine Hydrophysical Institute in the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR Sevastopol.
Live and act
Kolesnikow studied at the Moscow Technical University , where he obtained his diploma in 1930 with research results on the thermal properties of materials. He then became an employee at the All-Unions Institute for Thermal Engineering and completed postgraduate studies in physics at Moscow State University . Kolesnikow completed this with a second diploma in 1937. At the Department of Heat Physics of the Physics Department of the University, he subsequently received a postgraduate and a doctorate in 1938 with the theme "research into the phenomena of evaporation and heat exchange in the conditions of real convection" (original title " Исследования явления испарения и теплообмена в условиях естественной конвекци "). Between 1938 and 1942 the researcher worked at the Institute of Theoretical Geophysics of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic (AdW USSR) . Among other things, he was involved in the development of “Recommendations for overcoming ice obstacles” for the technical engineers of the Red Army . In the meantime the Second World War had broken out and the German troops had to be pushed back from the Soviet Union . - The interactions between water and physics led to a new research focus. Therefore, in 1942, a development staff for a marine hydrophysics laboratory was founded under the direction of academician Vasily Vladimirovich Schuleikin . Kolesnikow switched to this building staff. In addition, in 1943 he was able to successfully defend a post-doctoral thesis on the subject of "Forecast theory for the growth of ice on the sea surface".
In 1945, when the war was over, there were three departments (chairs) of geophysical research at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in Moscow (atmospheric; marine and geophysics; physics of canal currents). The head of the Department of Marine and Geophysics was a Schuleikin, in 1948 he took over the overall management of the Hydrometeorological Service of the USSR, whereby Kolesnikow was appointed to its chair. In addition, he was head of the Laboratory for Ocean Heat of the AdW USSR. He actively took care of the transfer of the research results to the economies of the Soviet republics, also advised the scientists of the Institute of Aviation of the Soviet Army and solved problems of laying pipes in remote areas. Finally, he dealt intensively with the theory of turbulence processes in the sea. When the Marine Hydrophysical Laboratory planned in 1942 was completed in Sevastopol in 1962, Kolesnikov became the first director of this facility and moved to the city on the Black Sea .
The laboratory became an independent institute and Kolesnikow gave the departments their specific direction, created theoretical foundations and made a significant contribution to establishing new scientific research directions on the physics of seas, oceans and water basins as well as on the interactions between the earth's crust and atmosphere . As director of the new research facility, he was ultimately also significantly involved in the creation and programs of the research expeditions to the Arctic ( drift stations North Pole 4 and North Pole 6 ) and in the Soviet Antarctic stations . He insisted on doing research in person on board the research vessels "Michail Lomonossow" and "Akademik Vernadski ".
In 1974 he suffered a serious illness and Kolesnikov therefore gave up his offices. Until his death, however, he continued to work scientifically, primarily on the spread of turbulence in water.
The AdW USSR (since 1991 Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) keeps his memory and above all continues the research that has been started.
Further offices of Kolesnikov, awards and honors
The researcher was a member of the World Meteorological Organization . In 1964 he became a corresponding member of the AdW USSR, in 1967 a full member. Kolesnikov was a bearer of the Order of the October Revolution and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor . For the work "Complex Research of the Tropical Atlantic" Kolesnikow received a high state award posthumously (referred to as a premium in the source). At his place of work in Sevastopol on the high bank over the Black Sea there is a memorial plaque with the text: “The first director of the hydrophysical institute of the AdW USSR in the city of Sevastopol. To the member of the AdW USSR Arkady Georgievich Kolesnikow ”.
Patents and publications
- 1975: “Method of producing fertilizers from sea-like waters”; together with Valeri Pavlovich Barannik. U.S. Patent No. 4015971 ; 1977
literature
- Activity of AG Kolesnikov at the Geophysical Branch and the Chair of Physics of Sea and Land Waters at the Department of Physics of the Moscow State University. In: Physical Oceanography, Volume 9, Number 6, 401-403. doi: 10.1007 / BF02524656 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b On the 100th birthday of AG Kolesnikow ; In: Morskoi Gidrofisitscheski Journal (2007) No. 6, (Russian); Retrieved September 20, 2010
- ↑ On the 90th birthday of Arkady Georgievich Kolesnikov. In: Physical Oceanography. 9, 1999, p. 397, doi : 10.1007 / BF02524655 .
- ^ Activity of AG Kolesnikov at the Geophysical Branch and the Chair of Physics of Sea and Land Waters at the Department of Physics of the Moscow State University. (Activities of AG Kolesnikow in the geophysics department.); In: Physical Oceanography, Volume 9, Number 6, 401-403, doi: 10.1007 / BF02524656 .
- ^ Online text from "Geology and Geophysics", Volume XII; Retrieved September 20, 2010
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kolesnikow, Arkady Georgievich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Колесников, Аркадий Георгиевич (Cyrillic) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | soviet physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 5, 1907 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Jurburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 4th 1978 |
| Place of death | Sevastopol |