Arkadi Moissejewitsch Waispapir
Arkadi Moissejewitsch Waispapir ( Russian Аркадий Моисеевич Вайспапир Arkady Moise'evič Wajspapir * 1921 in southern Ukraine; † 11. January 2018 in Kiev , Ukraine ) was a survivor of the Holocaust , who as Soviet POWs actively in the armed rebellion of Sobibor on 14 October In 1943 he was involved in the Sobibór extermination camp (before and after World War II: in Poland). Waispapir, together with 17-year-old Yehuda Lerner, killed the commandant of the 90 to 100-strong Ukrainian guard, the SS man Siegfried Graetschus , and the Trawniki man Rai Klatt, a Ukrainian guard.
soldier
Waispapir was captured seriously wounded as a soldier of the Red Army on September 15, 1941 and was taken to a hospital near Kiev . It was found there that he was a Jew. After his recovery he was sent to a concentration camp near Minsk . He was then taken to the Sobibór extermination camp on September 22, 1943 with 80 other Soviet prisoners of war. There he was forced to help build the barracks in Camp IV.
Participation in the uprising
After the arrival of the 80 Soviet soldiers, SS Oberscharführer Gustav Franz Wagner, known for his brutality, recommended that the camp commandant Karl Frenzel kill the prisoners of war immediately. Frenzel refused because he needed them as labor. Alexander Petscherski came to Sobibor with the Red Army soldiers , who together with Leon Feldhendler formed an underground committee to escape from the extermination camp. The Soviet soldiers were trained in war tactics and experienced in combat; they were able to plan and carry out armed measures in a disciplined manner. Pechersky ordered the soldier Waispapir to eliminate Graetschus and Klatt. Waispapir and 17-year-old Yehuda Lerner killed Graetschus with an ax. After they had hidden the body, Rai Klatt, the head guard of the Trawniki, came to the scene where he was killed by Waispapir and Lerner. They took their Walther pistols from both SS men and reported to Petscherski that they had done their jobs.
After the uprising
Of the approximately 600 camp inmates who were ready to flee, around 150 managed to escape to the protective forest edge. Most of them died in the camp as a result of the hail of bullets from the Trawniki men and the five surviving SS men or died in the mined area outside the camp. The SS and police units searched the area for those who had fled and killed many of them. Only 47 people from this extermination camp, including Waispapir, lived to see the end of the war.
literature
- Jules Schelvis : Sobibór extermination camp. Unrast-Verlag, Hamburg / Münster 2003, ISBN 3-89771-814-6 .
- Barbara Distel : Sobibor . In: Wolfgang Benz , Barbara Diestel (ed.): The place of terror. Riga Imperial Forest , Warsaw , Vaivara , Kauen (Kaunas), Płaszów , Kulmhof / Chełmno, Bełżec , Sobibór , Treblinka . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps . tape 8 . CH Beck , Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-57237-1 .
Web links
- Survivors of the Sobibór extermination camp www.sobibor.edu.pl (English)
- Jens Hoffmann: Beyond Sobibor, in: Konkret, issue 4/2002 (German)
- Portrait and life of Wajspapir on VAAD Association of Jewish Organizations and Communities of Ukraine (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sobibor prisoner uprising: last survivor is dead orf.at, January 29, 2018, accessed January 29, 2018. - According to the Foundation Memorial for the Murdered Jews of Europe.
- ↑ Schelvis: Sobibór extermination camp. P. 284 f. (see literature)
- ↑ Distel: Sobibor, p. 180 (see literature)
- ^ Distel: Sobibor, p. 190
- ↑ Schelvis: Sobibór extermination camp, p. 190 f.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Waispapir, Arkady Moisseyevich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wajspapir, Arkadij |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Soviet soldier, survivor of the Sobibor extermination camp |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1921 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Southern ukraine |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 11, 2018 |
| Place of death | Kiev |