Arnaud de Toroge

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Grandmaster's coat of arms Arnauds de Toroge

Arnaud de Toroge , also Arnau de Torroja , Alain de Turris Rubea or Arnold von Toroga (* around 1105; † September 30, 1184 in Verona ) was the ninth Grand Master of the Templar Order from 1179 .

Life

Arnaud came from Catalonia . When he was elected Grand Master in 1179, he had been master of the Templar provinces of Aragon and Provence for many years . He had fought there successfully for the kings of Aragon and Portugal in the Reconquista against the Moors .

Conflict with hospitallers

During his tenure, the influence of hospitaller modernity reached new heights. There had been tension between the Templars and the Hospitallers before, but the increasing threat posed by Sultan Saladin's expansion pushed the orders to an understanding. The two grand masters finally met through the mediation of Pope Lucius III. and King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and settled their disputes for the time being.

Arnaud was a talented diplomat who was able to mediate between the various political groups. After repeated raids by the Baron von Kerak , Rainald von Chatillon , on Muslim caravans in 1181 and 1182, he succeeded in negotiating the maintenance of peace with Saladin.

Europe trip

In 1184 Arnaud traveled to Europe with Heraclius of Caesarea , the Patriarch of Jerusalem , and Roger de Moulins , the Grand Master of the Hospitallers, to organize help in the defense of the Kingdom of Jerusalem against Saladin. The embassy traveled to Verona , where they were met by Pope Lucius III. and Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa were received. Already during the crossing Arnaud fell ill and died in Verona on September 30, 1184. The embassy traveled on without him to the kings Philip II of France and Henry II of England . The desired support from Europe ultimately did not come, and Jerusalem fell into the hands of Saladin in 1187 after the battle of Hattin .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Joseph Delaville Le Roulx: Les Hospitaliers En Terre Sainte Et Chypre, 1100-1310. BiblioBazaar, 2009, ISBN 111315960X , p. 91 ff. (French)

literature

  • Wilhelm Havemann: History of the exit of the Templar order. Cotta'sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart / Tübingen 1846. P. 34 ff.
  • Charles Du Fresne du Cange: Les familles d'outre-mer. 1869. Reprint: Lenox Hill, New York 1971, ISBN 0833709321 , pp. 877 ff. (French)
predecessor Office successor
Eudes de Saint-Amand Grand Master of the Knights Templar
1179–1184 		Gérard de Ridefort
personal data
SURNAME Arnaud de Toroge
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Arnau de Torroja
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Grand Master of the Templar Order
DATE OF BIRTH 12th Century
DATE OF DEATH September 30, 1184
Place of death Verona